Juyin juzu'in wasannin bidiyo a cikin shekaru

Idan kuna son sanin tarihin kuma juyin halittar wasannin bidiyo, to, wannan labarin naku ne, ku san canje -canje a wasannin bidiyo a cikin shekarun da suka gabata da yadda suka kai ga abin da suke a yau.

Tarihi da juyin halittar wasannin bidiyo

Za mu iya fara tafiya zuwa abubuwan da suka gabata don yin magana game da wasannin bidiyo na 50s, yana da ban mamaki yadda a cikin shekarun juyin halittar wasannin bidiyo Ya zuwa yanzu ya zama ɗaya daga cikin masana'antun da suka fi kuɗi a duniya.

Duk da cewa juyin halittarsu yana cikin sama da ƙasa cikin tarihin su, koyaushe sun san yadda ake shawo kan cikas da haɓaka wasannin bidiyo da kyau. Makasudin wasannin bidiyo a yau da alama shine don nuna mafi girman haƙiƙanin gaskiya lokacin da kafin kawai ya zama kwaikwayon tunanin da 'yan wasa za su iya yi, ya kasance tuƙin motar tsere ko kuma kawai ci gaba da labari da kammala wasan.

50's - 60's Wasan bidiyo na farko a tarihi

An haɓaka wasan bidiyo na farko a cikin tarihi a cikin 1952, mai suna OXO yana kwaikwayon sigar wasan "Tic Tac Toe", Alexander Douglas ne ya ƙaddamar da wannan aikin, wanda farfesa ne na Jami'ar Cambridge ta amfani da ƙa'idodin binciken Turing don samun damar bayarwa. hankali na wucin gadi ga wasan ku kuma ta wannan hanyar mai kunnawa zai iya yin gasa da injin.

Wannan duk abin godiya ne ga Alan Turing, wanda ya kasance ɗan shirye -shiryen Burtaniya kuma masanin lissafi wanda, bayan Yaƙin Duniya na II, ya yi aiki a kan hanyar sa kwamfuta ta yi tunani kamar ɗan adam. Ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar wannan, abin da aka sani da "injin Turing" ya bayyana.

Ci gaba mai zuwa zai kasance a cikin 1958, godiya ga injiniyan Amurka William Higginbotham, wanda shine wanda yayi aiki akan aikin Manhattan inda aka haifi makaman nukiliya na farko, kuma yana haɓakawa da ƙirƙirar Tennis na biyu, wanda shine wasa a cikin babban kwamfutar da ta kwaikwayi wasannin wasan tennis. A cikin shekarun 60 babu wani ci gaba kuma babu wanda ya sake magana game da wasannin bidiyo.

70's Haihuwar nau'ikan

A cikin 70's an sami juyi ga abin da aka yi a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, masu binciken sun yi nasarar cimma matsaya: haɓaka wasannin bidiyo ya yi daidai da haɓaka na'urorin da za su iya gudanar da waɗannan wasannin. Sannan a cikin 1971, Ba'amurke Ralph Baer, ​​wanda ya shafe shekaru yana binciken aikin Turing da Higginbotham, ya haɓaka wasan bidiyo na farko a cikin tarihi, wanda ake kira Magnavox Odyssey.

Ya sami babban nasarar kasuwanci, tunda wannan na'urar wasan bidiyo ta tara sama da dala $ 10.000.000 a lokacin, tana sayar da raka'a 100.000 kuma wannan ya ja hankalin masu saka jari, waɗanda suka ga sabuwar masana'antar nishaɗi ga mutanen da aka haifa.

Ba'amurke Nolan Bushnell da Ted Dabney ne suka kafa Atari, wanda ke nuna alamar zamanin juyin halitta na wasanni bidiyo, waɗanda ke gaba da sauran kuma sun ƙaddamar da PONG, wanda shine babban injin arcade wanda ke da ingantacciyar sigar Pong wacce ke ɗauke da Magnavox.

A wannan lokacin, Atari ya kasance mafi mahimmancin kamfanin wasan bidiyo, sun ƙirƙira da ra'ayin sabon wasan bidiyo na bidiyo don gidaje, yana da haɓakawa akan Magnavox, wanda ake kira Pong don Gidan Talabijin ɗinku, wanda zai zama mafi girma nasara fiye da Magnavox, sayar da raka'a sama da 150.000 yayin Kirsimeti na waccan shekarar.

Ya inganta a cikin zane -zane, inganci da playability idan aka kwatanta da Magnavox, wannan ya fi ruwa yawa fiye da abin da aka gani a lokacin, duk wannan ya zama gaskiya godiya ga yarjejeniyar da Atari ya yi da kamfanonin Sears, waɗanda suka ba ta tare da microprocessor don consoles.

Nasarar Atari

Nasarar da Atari ya samu abin kyawu ne, sun zama kamfani da ke da manyan kadarori a Amurka, mai shi Nolan Bushnell, ya yanke shawarar siyar da kayan aikin sa na Warner Communication akan dala miliyan 26 a 1976, ya bar Atari babban kasafin kuɗi. , sauka zuwa aiki don haɓaka sabon na'ura wasan bidiyo.

A cikin 1977 an haifi Atari UBSS, na'urar wasan bidiyo mai ƙarfi wacce ke da joystick da maɓallai biyu, wanda ya ba da sabon ƙwarewa gameplay game da masu amfani da juyin halittar wasannin bidiyo. Wannan na'urar wasan bidiyo ta sayar da daruruwan dubban kwafi a shekarar da aka ƙaddamar da gasa kuma za ta kasance na Mattel console, Intellivision. Zuwa lokacin sama da kashi 50% na gidajen Amurkawa suna da na'urar wasan bidiyo.

A cikin 1978 wani sabon abin tarihi ya faru yayin da kamfanin da ake kira Taito ya ƙirƙiri Masu mamaye sararin samaniya, wasan bidiyo don consoles na Atari da Mattel kuma ya zama sabon abu mai kama da hoto tare da miliyoyin kwafi da aka sayar a duk duniya.

Shekaru 80 na shekarun arcade

'Yan shekarun 80 sun isa tare da Masu mamaye sararin samaniya a matsayin mafi kyawun wasan bidiyo a cikin tarihi, duk da haka, tashin hankali bai daɗe ba tun daga wannan shekarar zai zo haihuwar farkon alamar alamar gamer ta duka, Pacman.

Pacman wasa ne daban da duk wani abin da aka haɓaka har zuwa yau, lokacin da kowa yayi tunanin ayyukan sararin samaniya da harbin laser 8-bit, wannan wasan ya kasance maze wanda dole ne ku motsa shugaban rawaya a matsayin maki da gudu daga ƙwayoyin cuta. hakan zai iya cutar da ku. A ƙarshen wannan shekara, ya zarce Masu mamaye sararin samaniya a matsayin mafi kyawun siyar da wasan bidiyo a duniya, a yau ya kasance mafi kwafin kasuwa a tarihi.

Bayan shekara guda, wani wasan wasan bidiyo ya bayyana, Donkey Kong, wasan dandamali wanda dole ne ku nisanta ganga da gorilla ke harbawa daga saman hasumiya. Wasan bidiyo ne na farko da kamfanin Nintendo na Japan ya fitar, wanda daga baya zai ƙaddamar da wasannin almara na gaba a kasuwa, Super Mario Bros da Legend of Zelda.

A wannan lokacin a cikin 1982, ƙungiyar injiniyoyi waɗanda ke aiki don Warner da Atari, sun ƙirƙiri Activision, wanda zai zama kamfani wanda ke kera wasannin bidiyo da kansa don Atari.

Koyaya, kasuwa ta cika saboda gasa wacce ke ƙera wasannin ƙanƙanta, wanda ke haifar da rashin yarda tsakanin jama'a, wanda ke wakiltar babban karo ga manyan kamfanonin wasan bidiyo, wanda ya ƙare tare da Warner ya sayar da Atari a 1982, wanda daga baya zai ɓace.

Haihuwar Nintendo da sabon hasken wasannin bidiyo

Wanda zai maye gurbinsa shine kamfanin Nintendo na kasar Japan, wanda a shekarar 1983 ya kirkiri Kwamfutar Kwamfuta, na'ura wasan bidiyo wanda ke da manyan nasarorin kamfanin, ya yi nasara a Japan kuma bayan shekaru biyu zai isa Amurka kuma Kwamfutar Iyali za a sake tsara shi kuma a sake masa suna. don wannan kasuwar.

Wasannin bidiyo da ya haɗa sun fito ne daga kamfanin, wanda ke ba da tabbacin samfuran inganci. Mafi yawan wakilan wasan bidiyo na wannan wasan bidiyo koyaushe Super Mario Bros ne, wannan halayen ya shahara kamar Pacman a lokacin sa har ma ya shahara fiye da Mickey Mouse na Disney da kansa.

Godiya ga wannan, an adana masana'antar wasan bidiyo na Amurka, tunda ga duk duniya duka NES da Super Mario Bros sune mafi mahimmancin wasan bidiyo da wasan bidiyo a duk duniya. juyin halittar wasannin bidiyo.

Tare da wannan ya zo da sabon guntu lasisi na hukuma don kada ya yi kuskure iri ɗaya kamar Atari kuma ya hana ɓangarori uku haɓaka wasannin ba tare da kulawar inganci ga NES ba, wannan guntu ɗin fitarwa ya ba mu damar sanin ko wasan a kan harsashi na asali ne kuma idan an yarda ba a fara wasan ba, yana aiki a matsayin allurar rigakafin fashin teku; Tare da wannan motsi, Nintendo ya mamaye masana'antar da ke buƙatar ingantattun masu haɓakawa da ingantattun lakabi don na'ura wasan bidiyo.

Tuni a cikin 1985, an haifi shahararrun kamfanonin samarwa kamar CAPCOM, mahaliccin almara Street Fighter, Megaman da Konami tare da Contra da sanannen SEGA. Na ƙarshen shine mafi nasara, tunda bayan samar da lakabi don Nintendo, ta ƙaddamar da na’urar wasan bidiyo a wannan shekarar da ake kira Master System, kodayake ya fi NES ƙarfi, amma ba zai iya shawo kan shaharar da ta samu a kasuwanni ba. Koyaya, SEGA ya sami nasarar zama ɗayan mafi kyawun masu haɓaka wasan bidiyo a cikin tarihi.

A cikin 1988, SEGA da Nintendo suna da kishiyar almara, sannan na'urar wasan bidiyo 16-bit zata isa kasuwa, SEGA's Farawa, yana sanya kansa a matsayin mafi kyawun lokacin, amma saboda ƙarancin kundin adireshi da yawa masu amfani sun koma NES waɗanda ke da ƙari. wasannin da aka sabunta kowane lokaci -lokaci.

Bayan shekara guda, Nintendo ya haɓaka na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto ta farko da ake kira GameBoy, tare da wannan na'ura wasan bidiyo za a haifi wani taken labari a cikin duniyar wasannin bidiyo, Tetris. SEGA kuma ta ƙaddamar da na'urar tafi da gidanka mai ƙarfi wanda ya fi GameBoy ƙarfi, wanda ake kira GameGear; duk da haka, ta rasa yaƙin da ta yi da Tetris akan Game Boy, ƙaramin ƙarfi mai baƙar fata da fari.

90 na

Shekaru na 90 sun fara ne tare da kishiyar SEGA da Nintendo a mafi girman matsayi, SEGA tana buƙatar buguwa akan tebur don samun damar cire Nintendo kuma ta ɗauki hayar Shugaba na Mattel don ƙirƙirar mascot wanda zai iya yin gasa tare da Mario, alamar Nintendo da zuwa 1991 An saki Sonic, wasan da ya canza fasalin dandamali gaba ɗaya.

Ya yi gasa kai tsaye tare da Super Mario tare da ingantacciyar sigar wasan sa, tare da mafi kyawun labari da wasa mai laushi, kuma ya kasance mafi kyawun siyarwa ga masana'antar.

Nintendo ba ya shirin zama ba tare da tsammanin ƙaddamar da sabon na'ura wasan bidiyo na ƙarni na huɗu ba, Super Nintendo. Tare da wannan wasan bidiyo zai zo wasanni kamar F-Zero da Super Mario Kart, wanda zai canza fasalin tsere.

Waɗannan wasannin sun yi amfani da tsarin ƙirar Mode 7 wanda ya ba da damar ƙirƙirar tasirin motsi na farko na 3D don wasannin bidiyo. Daga baya za a inganta wannan tare da Software ID, wanda zai zama mafi wakilcin alamar wannan ɓangaren a cikin juyin halittar wasannin bidiyo tare da taken kamar Doom da Wolfenstein 3D.

Daga baya

A ƙarshen 1993, an samar da tallafin CD na gani saboda wasanni suna buƙatar ƙarin sarari kuma sun fi katako, kamfanin da ya fi saka hannun jari a cikin wannan shine Sony, kamfanin rookie wanda zai canza komai a cikin Disamba 1994 ta hanyar ƙaddamar da Playstation 1 ta hanyar sharewa. kasuwa, ta kawo taken almara kamar Wipeout ko Destruction Derby.

Nintendo a cikin 1996 ya ƙaddamar da almara Nintendo 64 na'ura wasan bidiyo tare da mai sarrafa 64-bit, sarrafa hotuna na babban matakin fiye da PlayStation. An fito da na’urar wasan bidiyo tare da wasan Super Mario 64, wanda mutane da yawa ke ɗauka a matsayin ɗayan mafi kyawun wasannin bidiyo da aka taɓa samu.

Duk da duk waɗannan wasannin, Nintendo 64 ya kasa wuce PlayStation saboda na ƙarshe yana da babban kundin taken da aka sabunta lokaci -lokaci, ban da wasannin sa a tsarin CD.

A ƙarshen shekaru goma, Sony yana sanya kansa a matsayin sabon sarkin masana'antar wasan bidiyo tare da Nintendo ya faɗi cikin mantuwa. Bugun ƙarshe ya zo a cikin 1997, tare da Square Software yana haɓaka taken Final Fantasy 7, wanda shine farkon wasan 3D a cikin jerin kuma nasarar duniya. Nintendo yana ban kwana yana yin hayaniya ta hanyar ƙaddamar da wasannin bidiyo kamar Legend of Zelda Ocarina na lokaci da Goldeneye 007, ɗayan mafi kyawun wasannin FPS da aka haɓaka.

2000-2010

Nintendo ya saki GameCube a matsayin gasa ga Playstation amma zai zama cikakken gazawa, saboda Sony ya ƙaddamar da PlayStation 2 a cikin martani, wanda ya zama mafi kyawun kayan wasan bidiyo a cikin tarihin masana'antar wasan bidiyo.

Wannan na'ura wasan bidiyo zai kawo sabbin lakabi kamar Allah na Yaƙi da Ruwan Jini, duniya ta fahimci cewa wasannin bidiyo suna da gajeriyar rayuwa kuma Sony yana fitar da wasannin bidiyo a kowace shekara kuma mutane sun gaji da wannan, amma a cikin komfuta komai ya bambanta saboda manyan dabarun da ya ba da damar haɓaka lakabi masu ban sha'awa kamar Call of Duty, Diablo da Age of Empires, amma wanda zai isar da bugun ƙarshe a 2004 zai kasance lokacin da Blazer ya ƙaddamar da World of Warcraft.

Wasannin kan layi sun ba da damar wasannin bidiyo na tsawon rai tunda sun daɗe kuma a 2006 Sony ya ƙaddamar da PlayStation 3, duk da haka, mai fafatawa da shi zai fi wahala a doke, Xbox 360 na Microsoft da Nintendo Wii.

Na ƙarshen shine cikakkiyar kayan aiki don sake haihuwar Nintendo, godiya ga sabon tsarin gano motsi na mai amfani da wasannin don duk dangi kamar Just Dance ko Wii Sports.

Samun damar haɗi tare da Wi-Fi zuwa Intanet zai canza komai don consoles da juyin halittar wasannin bidiyo, wanda kuma yana da nasu ajiya, shine lokacin amfani da Steam ya zama sananne, dandamali wanda ke ba ku damar yin wasa akan layi tare da sauran masu amfani kuma ku iya siyan wasanni kai tsaye daga na’urar ku.

Wani babban kamfani

EA Sports ta ƙaddamar da FIFA 07 A tsakiyar 2006, wannan shine taken da ya sanya EA Sports a matsayin abin tunani a cikin nau'in wasanni. Wannan wasan da yawa wanda ke da juzu'i don PlayStation da kwamfuta, a matakin zane da wasan wasa sun kasance abin birgewa, tunda zaku iya sarrafa 'yan wasa kamar sun kasance na gaske. Konami ya riga ya haɓaka ƙwallon ƙafa na Pro Evolution na shekaru da yawa, ya yi nasara a lokacin kuma zai fara ɗayan manyan yaƙe -yaƙe a duniyar nau'in wasanni, PES vs FIFA.

A cikin 2007 an ƙaddamar da kwamfutoci cikin masana'antar wasan bidiyo, tare da masana'antun kayan aikin da ke mai da hankali kan ƙirƙirar katunan zane -zane masu ƙarfi, masu sarrafawa, RAM, ƙirƙirar sashin sarrafa kwamfuta.

Don haka lokacin da aikin da nau'in kasada na kyauta ya fashe tare da Yariman Farisa da Aqidar Assassin, na ƙarshen shine ɗayan mafi siyar da sagas a cikin tarihi tare da Allah na Yaƙi. Ba a manta ba a cikin nau'in tsere, labarin almara na Bukatar Sauri da taken "Mafi So".

A ƙarshen shekaru goma, za a fitar da taken da zai yi girma sosai a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, Minecraft da League of Legends wanda Mojang da Wasan Riot suka kirkira. Hakanan zaka iya gano inda za a sauke wasannin PC.

2010 - A halin yanzu

Tuni intanet ɗin ta tafi hannu da hannu tare da wasannin bidiyo, FIFA da PES tare da gasa a ƙwallon ƙafa, Kira na Layi shine mafi kyawun FPS, Warcraft ya ci gaba da kasancewa jagora a cikin nau'in MMORPG. Wannan shine shekaru goma inda Minecraft ya zama ɗayan mafi kyawun abubuwan kyamarar hoto don yara, wasan kwaikwayo tare da ƙimar hoto na 8-bit wanda ya zama abin jaraba, yana mai da shi wasan ƙwallon rairayin rairayi a cikin tarihi zuwa yanzu.

A gefe guda, League of Legends ya kasance mahaukaci a Asiya inda yake da miliyoyin masu amfani a cikin shekara guda kawai, wannan nau'in an san shi da MOBA ko fagen yaƙi da yawa akan layi, wannan zai aika da WOW zuwa gaɓar rami.

A cikin 2011, an haifi gasar ƙwararrun eSport ta farko, wani muhimmin mataki a cikin juyin halittar wasannin bidiyo, tare da International na DOTA2. A cikin 2013, duka DOTA da LoL sun kasance biyu mafi ƙarfi ikon amfani da ikon amfani da ikon mallakar bidiyo a cikin wasannin bidiyo kuma gasawar ƙwararrun su ta kawo kuɗi mai yawa ga sashin wasan ƙwararru, wanda ya sa kamfanoni kamar Call of Duty, Counter yajin aiki da FIFA suka shiga waɗannan gasa.

Shekarun da suka gabata

A cikin 2014, an haifi ɗayan mafi yawan wasannin bidiyo a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, Candy Crush Saga don wayoyin hannu. Daga nan ne masu haɓaka wasan bidiyo suka yi la’akari da wayoyin hannu, suka sadaukar da wani fanni gare su. A cikin 2015, eSports sun riga sun zama gaskiya kuma DOTA International ita ce mafi mahimmancin duka, wanda tuni yana da kyaututtuka har zuwa $ 25.000.000.

A cikin 2017, an haifi wani taken hoto na bidiyo, Fortnite, wanda a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci ya sanya kansa cikin mafi yawan eSports a duniya da babban FPS akan layi. A halin yanzu, eSports shine sashin da ke motsa mafi yawan kuɗi a masana'antar wasan bidiyo tare da dala miliyan 500 da haɓaka 40% a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.

Idan kuna son wannan labarin game da juyin halittar wasannin bidiyoMuna ba da shawarar ku ziyarci gidan yanar gizon mu inda zaku sami ƙarin batutuwa da yawa game da wasannin bidiyo da fasaha waɗanda za su iya sha'awar ku, kamar haka: Wasanni ba tare da Intanet ba don Android Mafi kyau!. Za mu kuma bar muku bidiyo mai ƙarin bayani a ƙasa. Har zuwa lokaci na gaba.