Mhando dzinozivikanwa dzese dzeLAN network uye yavo topology

LAN netiweki pasina mubvunzo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kubatanidza akati wandei michina, asi kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezvenyaya iyi, tinokukoka iwe kuti uverenge inotevera chinyorwa nezve mhando dzeLAN network inozivikanwa uye yavo topology, pamwe nedzimwewo dhata dzakakodzera pamusoro penyaya.

Mhando dzeLAN network: Chii chinonzi Network?

Icho chinoreva kune chinongedzo chiripo pakati peimwe nhamba yemakomputa, kuburikidza nenzira isina waya kana wired, iyo kuburikidza nemagetsi emagetsi kana imwe nzira yemuviri inokwanisa kutumira kana kugamuchira ruzivo mumapaketi edata.

Iyo yekugadziriswa kwenzvimbo inobatsira kutungamira kwekutaurirana kwemukati, mukuwedzera zvinokwikwidza kuitisa chirongwa kana mukana weInternet.

Kubatana kwemambure ekutanga kwakagadzirwa kuburikidza netambo dzecoaxial, kubva pano pakauya izwi rakarongedzwa cabling. Iwo aive maratidziro ane kufukidza kwaive kupfupi, matambudziko akamuka apo makomputa matsva akabatanidzwa achigadzira tambo yetambo.

Ndeapi marudzi eLAN Networks?

Local Area Network (LAN) inotsanangurwa sekubatana pakati pemakomputa akati wandei kana zvinongedzo, ine yekudzokorora inogona kusvika kiromita imwe chete, asi isina anodzokorora inosvika chete mazana maviri emamita.

Kuburikidza netiweki yakadaro, pane mukana wekugovana dhata pakati pemakomputa, mapiritsi, nharembozha, zvimwe zvakaita semipendero yezvikamu zvakaita semapurojekiti ekuratidzira, maprinta, nevamwe.

Kuburikidza nemambure tinogona kuwana ruzivo kubva kumaseva uye nekushandisa Indaneti tinogona kuwana ruzivo rwemhando ipi zvayo inotsvakwa.

Parizvino dzimba, makambani uye mabhizinesi anoshandisa iyi mhando yedandemutande, zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvavanazvo, panogona kunge paine topology yechimwe nechimwe chinodikanwa, senge:

• Tsvuku muBhazi. Mhando iyi yetopiki inoratidzirwa nekubatanidzwa kune chiteshi chimwe chete kuburikidza neunifomu yuniti uye shunts. Parizvino rudzi urwu rwuri kutsiviwa neyeredzi network. Bhenefiti yerudzi urwu rwe network: haina node yepakati inodzora network, ruzivo rwunogona kutenderera mumativi ese ari maviri.
• Mhete network. Kana mhete topology, iyi mhando yenetwork inoratidzirwa nenyaya yekuti chiteshi chega chega chinoumbwa nechete yekubatanidza yekubatanidza uye imwe yekubuditsa chinongedzo. Uye zvakare, chiteshi chega chega chinoumbwa neanogamuchira uye anotepfenyura, basa rayo riri remuturikiri, ndiko kuti, kutumira chiratidzo kuchiteshi chinotevera.
• Nyeredzi network. Iyo ndiyo inonyanya kufadza topology, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuchinjika kana uchiita chero shanduko kunetiweki. Chinhu chakakosha pamusoro peiyi mhando yenetiweki ndeyekuti node yega yega yakabatana neiyo yepakati node, mukana werudzi urwu rwekubatanidza ndewekuti kana kubatana kumwe kwakadonha, mamwe acho anogona kuramba achishanda.
• Yakasanganiswa Network. Inotsanangurwa nenzira iyi nekuti vane hunhu hweimwe mhete, mabhazi uye nyeredzi network, kutsvaga mhando mbiri dze topology yakavhenganiswa: Star-Ring kana Star-Bus. MuStar-Bhazi, hapana komputa yakabatana yakanangana neBhazi.Muchimiro cheStar-Ring, inozivikanwa nenyaya yekuti Bhazi kwayakabatanidzwa, ichiita kuti network iite sekunge iRing network.

Kunyanya chimiro chenetiweki chinotsanangurwa neiyo topology, ndiko kuti, kana tikataura nezve topology yepanyama, zvinoreva kurongedzwa kwenzira dzinoiswa tambo kutumira iyo data.

Mhando dzeLAN network

• Campus Networks: Iwo maLAN network akaiswa muzvivakwa, munzvimbo yakatarwa inosunganidzwa uye ichaumba chimiro chimwe.
• Yemunharaunda Nharaunda Networks (LAN): Iyi netiweki yakaiswa mune diki nzvimbo ine zvishandiso zvinogadzira network zvakabatana kune mumwe nemumwe kuitira kuti vataurirane kugovana zvinongedzo uye mafaera. Iyi mhando yenetiweki inofanira kunge iine network kadhi (NIC).
• Nzvimbo Yakakura Networks (WAN): WAN, ichibva kuchiratidziro chechirungu "Wide Area Network", inonyanya kushandiswa kubatanidza madiki network masisitimu, kuitira kuti ugone kupa mukana kumaseva, makomputa kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinoumba network.
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Iwo maratidziro enzvimbo dzemaguta makuru ekubatanidza anotsigirwa nebandaneti, makambani mazhinji anoshandisa iyi mhando yenetiweki nekuti inokurumidza kupfuura iyo Internet, ndiko kuti, kana kambani iine nzvimbo dzinoverengeka inovimba nerudzi urwu rwe network.
• Yemunhu Nzvimbo Network (PAN): wega netiweki netiweki, iyi mhando yenetiweki inonyanya kushandiswa kubatanidza midziyo yekushandisa yakadai senharembozha, midhiya midhiya pamwe nemumwe, mahedhifoni, kune akapamhama chaizvo network, kudzivirira kuitiswa kwetambo.
• Global Nzvimbo Network (GAN): Ivo vanozivikanwa nekushandisa iyo fiberglass yeWAN network sekugadzira kwavo uye ivo vanowanikwa kuburikidza nehurongwa mugungwa repasi rose kana satellite kutorwa.

Imwe yemidziyo inonyanya kudikanwa munetiweki ndiyo iyo Router, izvi imhaka yekuti ine mhando dzekupindirana dzinobvumidza ese LANS neWANs kubatana, izvo zvikamu zvemhando yeWAN network yakaumbwa ne:

• Router: iyo router inozoshandiswa mune ino network kuti ikwanise kutumira iyo ruzivo kune yakakodzera interface, seyakagadzirwa mudziyo unokwanisa kutora chikamu mukutungamira kwenetiweki.
• Marouta: Yakabatanidzwa kune yega LAN, mairaira zvishandiso zvine hungwaru zvinogona kupa manejimendi manejimendi manejimendi uku ichitsigira zvakanangana nezvinangwa, senge kubatana, manejimendi manejimendi, uye kuchinjika.
• Mamodhimu: Basa rayo guru nderokumhanyisa yekumhanyisa kumhanyisa, pamwe neichi chishandiso data rinotapuriranwa nerunhare, izvi zvinoitwa kuburikidza nekumisikidza uye kudzikisira kwemasaini.
• Fonera masevhisi ekutaurirana: basa rayo ndere kutarisisa hukama hwevashandisi ve dial-in uye kure kuwana kune LAN.

Chii chinonzi ROUTER?

Icho chishandiso chinobvumidza kubatana kwemasneti uye kugadzirisa mapakeji edata kana aendeswa kubva kune imwe kuenda kune imwe, ndiko kuti iyo router inozadzisa kuti mapakeji edata anotumirwa nenzira yakakodzera uyezve kuongorora ruzivo kubva kwese kwayakatangira nekuenda. Maitiro aya anoitwa kuburikidza nemaitiro maviri akafanana panguva imwe chete:

• Kurongedza kwepaketi.  Iyo algorithm inoshandiswa iyo inosimudzira kusunga uye panguva imwechete inosarudza nzira iyo mapaketi anofanirwa kutevedzera sezvavanofamba kubva kumutumisi kuenda kunogamuchira.
• Kutumira mapakeji. Iyo router ichave ichitambira mapaketi uye ichivatumira kuti vadzokere kunzvimbo yakakodzera yekubuda, maitiro aya anodzorwa netafura yekusunga, gwaro remagetsi rine magwara ekuenda kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemumbure.

 Internet

Indaneti inetiweki yeWan, iyo inoumbwa nenhevedzano yemasaiti akasunganidzwa kuburikidza neTCP / IP protocol boka, iine nzvimbo yehukuru hwepasi rose kusvika. LAN network zvikamu:

• Server: Chikwata chinopinda zvikumbiro uye chinodzosera mhinduro.
• Workstation: Makomputa akabatana kunetiweki kuti awane ruzivo kubva kuseva kana maseva akati wandei.
• Masuwo: iyo software inobvumidza kubatana kwemataneti maviri kune mumwe nemumwe.
• Network Kadhi: basa rayo guru nderekumisikidza kutaurirana pakati pekombuta uye network.
• Cabling concentrators: anoshandiswa kugadzira zvinongedzo zvezviteshi, mhando yeaya maconcrator kupesana nekuparadzira aya maratidziro, izvo zvavanoita kutarisana nekubatana pane imwechete kifaa.
• Tine mhando mbiri dzezvinhu senge yekutanga

Lan kuna Lan

Iyo yakavakirwa paiyo IP protocol, ibasa iro kufambiswa kwedata kunoitwa kunongedzera kunongedzera, kunozivikanwa nekubatana kuri nyore pakati pemapazi maviri ari emumwe mutengi nemutengo wakaderera.

Kubatsira kwerudzi rweLAN

• Data zvakavanzika uye chengetedzo: Iyo inochengetedza vashandi vesangano rakabatana kune mumwe nemumwe, iro rinowanikwa chengetedzo pakurapwa kweruzivo, ichidzivirira mukana weuspionage kana kudonha kana uchibatana kune yemuno network.
• Wedzera kugadzirwa kwesangano: Sezvo sangano riine kubatana kwakachengeteka pakati penzvimbo yayo huru, nguva dzekupindura dzakadzikiswa, izvo zvinounza sevhisi iri nani kune vatengi vayo sechibatsiro.
• Sangano rese rakabatana kune imwe chiteshi: Nekuchengeta vese vashandi vesangano rakabatana kune imwecheteyo ruzivo network, inobvumira kushandiswa kwemidziyo yavo nenzira kwayo.
• Gonesa nguva isina kutevedzera maitiro: Kubatsira kwekuve nesangano rese rakabatanidzwa kune imwechete chiteshi, iyo software yekumisikidza uye yekugadzirisa maitiro akagadziridzwa, isu tinoreva kana dzimbahwe rakabatana kune imwechete server kana ichiita chero software yekuisa kana kugadzirisa, inozoonekwa munzvimbo dzese dzebasa. .
• Kuiswa kwevhidhiyo kuongororwa munzvimbo dzese: ne kamera kamera inokwanisa kudzora zviitiko zvese zvezviitiko, kana ichiita sarudzo hombe ivo vanotsigirwa neruzivo rwakanyorwa nevanhu vakabatana nenetiweki.

Mienzaniso yemhando dzeLAN network:

• Home Network: Ndiyo imwe yakaiswa mumba nenzira isina waya kuburikidza ne "WIFI" inobvumira kutaurirana pakati pemakomputa, nharembozha, maprinta.
• Veruzhinji muMakwere: munzvimbo dzemamwe maguta vanogadzira isina waya netiweki, chinangwa chayo ndechekupa mahara einternet masevhisi kusvika kune imwe nhanho.
• Chitoro Network: kune zvitoro zvemaketani zvinogadzirisa internet nenzira isina waya kuitira kuti vabatanidze makomputa avo uye vape rubatsiro rwemahara kune vatengi vavo.

Mienzaniso yeWAN Networks:

• Network pakati pematavi: matavi mazhinji ezvitoro zvakabatana kuburikidza nehunyanzvi uhu, izvo zvinobvumidza pane imwe nguva kuratidza kumutengi kana iye asina zvigadzirwa zvekutarisa mubazi raanogona kuzviwana.
• Mapurisa: network iyo inochengeta zvese zvivakwa zvemapurisa mudunhu kana nyika zvichiziviswa nezvezviitiko zviri kuitika mune yakapihwa nguva uye nekupa rutsigiro kana zvichidikanwa.
• Network yeyunivhesiti kambasi: Iyi mhando yemambure inonzi zvakare CAN (Campus Area Netword), iri MAN network inobatanidza zvivakwa zvinoumba guta reyunivhesiti.

Mienzaniso yeWAN Networks:

• National Banking Network: Iyi netiweki yakakosha nekuti inochengeta ese masisitimendi akabatana, iyi WAN network inokutendera kuti uwane mari kubva kuATM munyika imwechete kana kunze kwenyika.
• Internet: Uyu ndiwo mumwe wemienzaniso mikuru yerudzi urwu rwe network, iyo inokwanisa kuchengetedza akasiyana matekiniki ekuisa mukutaurirana pamusoro penzvimbo refu.
• International bhizinesi network: Ivo anowanzo shandiswa nema franchise makuru ayo ari munyika dzakasiyana dzepasi, nechinangwa chekuchinjana ruzivo.

Kune rimwe divi, isu tinokupa iwe yakanakisa chinyorwa nezve Internet Explorer Zvimiro 12 Izvo zvaunofanira kuziva! Mukati mawo unogona kuwana zvese hunhu hweinternet, pamwe nerumwe ruzivo rusingaperi.