Un Inkqubo yolawulo lwedatha Yinto ebalulekileyo xa ufuna ukusebenzisa inkqubo, funda yonke into enxulumene nayo kweli nqaku.
Iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zabaphathi beenkcukacha. kunye nesigama sayo yi-SGBD.
Yintoni inkqubo yolawulo lwedatha?
Ziinkqubo ezahlukeneyo okanye isoftware eyilelwe ukwenza okanye ukulawula ngendlela eyiyo yedatha esetyenzisiweyo, ukwenza ibhanki okanye isiseko sedatha. Oovimba beenkcukacha zigcina ulwazi malunga nayo yonke into eyenziwa ngumsebenzisi okanye inkqubo ngokwayo.
Zenzelwe ntoni?
Izicelo ezisebenza njengesiseko sokwenza ezi venkile zigcina umntu ekwazi ukuhlela nokusebenzisa lonke ulwazi njengoko benqwenela. Uhlengahlengiso lweevenkile zeedatha lunokunikwa ngolwimi lwenkqubo, ukulungiselela uguquko olupheleleyo.
I-DBMS ifanelekile ekufumaneni ulwazi olulahlekileyo, ukuba ngaba icinywe ngengozi okanye ukuba intsholongwane yonakalise inxenye yenkqubo. Ngokwesiqhelo, banezixhobo ezixhasa ukusetyenziswa kwabo, zisenza ukuba umsebenzisi abe neengxelo kwimeko apho kukho naluphi na uhlobo lwempazamo kwaye, ukongeza, imele ulwazi ngeendlela ezibonakalayo.
Izibonelelo zezi zixhobo kukufikelela kwazo kubasebenzisi abohlukeneyo, abangayi kuba nangxaki yokungena kwinkqubo. Emva koko, lonke ulwazi olukhoyo kwezi ziseko luyimfihlo ngokupheleleyo, kuthintela nakuphi na ukungenelela kwabantu besithathu.
Zingasetyenziswa phi?
Iinkqubo zedatha zizibonelelo ezinamandla ngenxa yemisebenzi yazo emikhulu. Batyekele ekutyeni inqwaba ye-RAM kunye nenkumbulo yokugcina, ngenxa yoku kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iinkumbulo ngokulungiswa kabini kunye nememori ebanzi.
Inkqubo inokugcinwa kwi-NAS, DAS, nakwi-SAN. Ukugcinwa kwe-NAS yinkqubo egcina lonke ulwazi kwinethiwekhi, i-DAS isebenza njengendawo yokugcina idiski kwaye i-SAN yindawo yokugcina izinto eyilwe lulwakhiwo lwesoftware, eyilelwe ukugcina yonke into kwinkqubo.
Yintoni eyenza inkqubo yolawulo lwedatha?
I-DBMS, iyinkqubo ebanzi yokudala kunye nokugcina ulwazi, ifuna izinto ezahlukeneyo ukunceda ekusebenzeni kwayo: inkqubo yenjini, inkcazo yedatha, inkqubo yokuqhatha, inkqubo yokuvelisa inkqubo kunye nenkqubo yolawulo.
imoto
Nguye owenza iintshukumo ekufuneka zenziwe yinkqubo yogcino lwedatha, ukulawula ukungena kwiziko ledatha kunye nokulawula ulwazi, ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba ukwazi ukumela idatha egciniweyo.
Inkqubo yokuchaza idatha
Isichazi sedatha sesinye esiphuhlisa izichazi magama zolwazi olugciniweyo, kwaye, sivumela ulwazi ukuba luhlelwe kwiifayile.
Inkqubo yokuphatha
Inkqubo ebalulekileyo yokukhohlisa ivumela ukuguqulwa kolwazi, oko kukuthi, kunokuhlelwa, kucinywe okanye kutshintshwe kwiziko ledatha. Kukunxibelelana kokuqala komsebenzisi, kuba umntu wokuqala wokunxibelelana naye osebenzise ulwazi ubekwe apha.
Inkqubo yokwenza isicelo
Inkqubo yokuveliswa kwesicelo ivumela ukuveliswa kweenkqubo, kuba isebenzisa iikhowudi zenkqubo kunye nokunxibelelana kwedatha, oko kukuthi, kuvumela uphuhliso olupheleleyo lwesicelo sonke.
Inkqubo yoLawulo
Ukusuka apha lonke ulwazi olukwinkqubo yedatha luyaphathwa, ukunika umsebenzisi ithuba lokwenza izikhalazo okanye ukubuyisa ulwazi oluthile ukuba lulahlekile.
Iindidi zenkqubo yolawulo lwedatha
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo zolawulo kwiziko ledatha, ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nemisebenzi, ethi ekugqibeleni ivumele ukwenza ivenkile yolwazi.
IMicrosoft SQL Server
Yinkqubo yolawulo lwedatha, ebandakanyiweyo kwinkqubo yokusebenza yeWindows, yiyo loo nto sisixhobo esele sinikwa nguMicrosoft njengenkonzo. Ikhowudi yolwimi ukuba isebenze njengesiseko yiTransact-SQL, olu lulwimi lokukhangela oluhleliweyo, oluvumela ukuba ube nomyalelo wokwakhiwa kwenkqubo.
Iseva ye-SQL ayinzima ukuyisebenzisa, kuba isebenzisa indawo ebonakalayo ukubonisa umsebenzi owenziwa yinkqubo kunye novimba wedatha. Kwakhona, ngenxa yokunxibelelana kwayo neWindows, ivumela ukwandisa inkqubo yokusebenza kunye nokukhusela ulwazi olusetyenziswayo.
Inkqubo yolawulo lwe-SQL Server igcina kwaye inikezela ngolwazi olusemgangathweni, ngaphandle kweempazamo okanye imiqobo. Ukuba kukho impazamo, ikuvumela ukuba usete kwakhona idatha kunye nokukhetha ukusombulula naziphi na iingxaki.
PostgreSQL
Yinkqubo yemithombo evulekileyo yolawulo lwedatha, Oko kukuthi, inokuguqulwa ukuze indawo yolwazi yenziwe kakuhle. Ukuziqhelanisa nayo kujonge kwinto, oko kukuthi, iindlela ezingezizo ezisebenzayo zokulinganisa into eyinyani; ulwazi apha lubonwa.
Ngenxa yomthombo wayo ovulekileyo, ivumela amanani ahlukeneyo olwazi ukuba asetyenziswe, ngaphandle kokucothisa inkqubo. Ulwimi lwayo lwenkqubo luyahluka kwaye, enkosi kuphuhliso lwayo oluphezulu, isebenzisa ulawulo lokuguqula izinto, olwenza ngcono iseva.
Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, kufuneka isebenzise injini evumela ukuba ibe yiyo eqhuba lonke ulwazi kwaye, ukongeza, ilawula yonke into eyenzayo. Ivumela ukusebenzisa iilwimi kwikhowudi yokubini kunye nehexadecimal, ukuze inkqubo ingasikelwanga mda.
Yeyona khowudi yoqoqosho, evumela nabani na ukuba ayisebenzise kwaye asebenze kuyo. Ukongeza, ivumela ukusebenza ngamaqonga ohlukeneyo okanye iinkqubo zokuhlela, kuba lula kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa.
MySQL
Enye yezona ndlela zigqibeleleyo kwaye zisebenziseka lula zokulawula idatha, kuba iyakwazi ukuhambelana neemfuno zabantu. Kuba kulula ukuyilawula, umsebenzisi unokwenza idathabheyisi efanelekileyo yezicelo zabo zewebhu, evumela abantu ukuba balawule kwaye bafake idatha ngaphandle kwengxaki kunye nokuphazamiseka.
I-MySQL iguqula phantse zonke iilwimi zekhowudi, ivumela ulwakhiwo olungcono lwenkqubo yedatha. Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo ilungiselelwe, idatha eyahlukeneyo inokusetyenziswa okanye ihlelwe ngaxeshanye.
Eli nqaku livumela abantu abaliqela ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kuhlelo okanye basebenzise isiseko sekhowudi ngaphandle kokuqhekeka kwesicelo.
Ukuba ulithandile eli nqaku, ndiyakumema ukuba ufunde: «Yintoni iMVC? Yazi olu luyilo lwesoftware! », Inqaku elipheleleyo kolu hlobo lwesoftware kwaye isebenza njani.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4BjnytBHqwI