El imodeli yeseva yabathengi Itekhnoloji edibeneyo ehambisa idatha kunye nolwazi phakathi kweeprosesa ezininzi ngaxeshanye kwaye ngokweemfuno zabathengi. Funda ngakumbi malunga nesi sihloko ngokufunda inqaku elilandelayo.
Imodeli yeseva yabathengi
Le nkqubo ivumela abasebenzisi abaninzi ukuba benze izicelo zenkonzo ngokusekwe kubuninzi beeprosesa. Itekhnoloji yokusika esekwe kwimisebenzi esasazwe phakathi kweeprosesa ezininzi. Ikwasivumela ukuba sinikezele ngeenkonzo ezikhawulezayo nezisebenza kakuhle.
Namhlanje yenye yezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu ziinkampani ezinkulu kunye nemibutho ebonelela ngeenkonzo ze-intanethi. Kuyimfuneko ukuba iinkampani zinokuthembela kule teknoloji yokusika kuba ibonelela ngamathuba ngeendlela kubathengi nakubasebenzisi. Kodwa makhe sibone yeyiphi imodeli yeseva yabathengi.
Yintoni ngokwenene?
Ngokwekhompyuter, kufuneka simele itekhnoloji ye-state-of-the-art apho kusetyenziswa iinkqubo ezithile zonxibelelwano zenethiwekhi. Imodeli yomthengi-weseva imisela ubudlelwane phakathi kweseva kunye nomthengi, apho le yokugqibela icela iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo ngokusekwe kwimodeli ethile yonxibelelwano.
Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa ukufumana izixhobo kwi-intanethi. Unxibelelwano oluthe ngqo lusekwe phakathi komncedisi kunye nomthengi. Kwenziwa xa umthengi eqala ukucela idatha eyahlukeneyo kunye nolwazi ngeseva. Ngokucofa kwikhonkco elilandelayo ungafunda malunga Iindidi zeeseva
Umncedisi uyafumaneka ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezifunekayo kunye nezicelo eziyimfuneko, ukuze inkqubo yokwenziwa kwemisebenzi ecelwe ngumthengi yenziwe ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhawuleza.
Abasebenzisi benza izicelo ngokusebenzisa izicelo ezininzi ezakha isicelo senkonzo, ezithunyelwa kwiseva esebenzisa iiprotokholi ze-TCP / IP ukuyithutha. Isiphumo kukuba iserver iya kuba yinkqubo apho iqhuba khona inkonzo kwaye ibuyisele ulwazi ngeziphumo ezisebenza njengempendulo yabathengi.
Imodeli yomthengi-weseva yenkqubo yeenkonzo ezininzi kunye nezicelo ezenziwe ngabathengi ngaxeshanye. Yintoni enceda ukuphucula ukubonelelwa kwenkonzo. Uninzi lwenkqubo yemodeli yomthengi-yomncedisi isebenza ngokungakhathali, Oko kukuthi, kufuneka balinde izicelo kwicala elithile.
Kule meko, umthengi unquma kwangaphambili ukuba yeyiphi idilesi ye-IP aya kuba nakho ukwenza izicelo. Inkqubo eyenziwa ngumthengi ikuvumela ukuba ufumane ukuba ngubani onokukhetha ukusebenzisa izibuko ngokungakhethiyo. Kwelinye icala, abathengi abafuna ukunxibelelana neseva engasebenzisi izibuko elaziwayo. Kuya kufuneka basebenzise uhlobo lwerekhodi ukuze bafikelele.
Umxhasi kunye neseva
Xa uthetha ngolu hlobo lwenkqubo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba xa usithi umxhasi, intetho ibhekisa ngqo kwikhompyuter, esetyenziselwa ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Olu hlobo lomthengi kulwakhiwo lweemodeli zeseva liqela elifana kakhulu nelinalo emakhayeni ethu.
Incinci kancinci inesakhiwo esithile kodwa isetyenziselwa ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwiinkonzo ezithile ze-intanethi. Ngamanye amagama, ezi zixhobo zenzelwe kuphela iinkampani ezifuna ukuqhubekeka kwedatha okanye iinkonzo ezinxulumene nemisebenzi yenkampani kuphela.
Ngokubhekisele kwiseva, sisixhobo esifana nekhompyuter apho idatha ezahlukeneyo kunye nolwazi ziqwalaselwa ngokusetyenziswa okuthile. Inomthamo omkhulu. Oku kuvumela iinkqubo ezininzi ukuba zenziwe ngaxeshanye.
Nangona kunjalo, umthengi unokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo abazifunayo. Okwangoku uninzi lweenkampani ezinkulu zisebenzisa imodeli yeseva yomthengi ukwenza iinkqubo zazo. Abathengi basebenza ngenkqubo; ukungena kumaphepha ewebhu, ukusebenzisa izicelo, ukuvula nokugcina iifayile ezahlukeneyo, ukufikelela kwiziko ledatha kunye nezinye izinto ezinxulumene nomsebenzi wenkampani.
Iindidi zemodeli yeseva yabathengi
Imodeli nganye yeserver yomthengi ifakwe ngokweemfuno zecandelo ngalinye lomthengi, okanye ngokulula ngokweemfuno zombutho. Ezi zakhiwo zibizwa ngokuba yimodeli yoyilo. Bafuna ukulungelelanisa inkqubo yokunxibelelana kwabaxhasi-esekwe kwindlela apho inkampani enikiweyo ifuna ukusebenzisa iinkonzo ezithile.
Ke uyilo loyilo kukudityaniswa kwendlela iserver eza kuzisasaza ngayo iinkqubo kwaye ziya kufumana bani ukuze zenze ulwazi. Ungalwandisa olu lwazi ngokufunda inqaku Iindidi zeetopiki zenethiwekhi kunye neempawu zazo.
Maleko ezimbini
Olu hlobo loyilo lusetyenziselwa ukuseka imodeli yomncedisi womthengi apho icela izixhobo kunye neseva iphendula ngokuthe ngqo kweso sicelo. Olu hlobo lolwakhiwo lwemodeli luvumela amalungelo okubonelela apho iserver ingafuneki nokuba isebenzise isicelo sangaphambili ukubonelela ngenkonzo.
Iminqwazi emithathu
Inemodeli yomncedisi womthengi apho inqanaba eliphakathi limiselwe khona. Ngamanye amagama, uyilo lomthengi kwabelwana ngalo nomnye umthengi ocela izixhobo kwiseva. Esi sicelo silawulwa ngumsebenzisi osebenza njengesiseko sokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kwi-Intanethi.
Uluhlu oluphakathi phakathi kwezi zimbini zibizwa ngokuba yi-middleware. Izalisekisa indima yokunika izixhobo ezingasikelwanga mda kwenye iseva ukuze ikwazi ukuzenza. Uluhlu lwesithathu lwenza umsebenzi wokuphumeza usetyenziso lweedatha eziyimfuneko. Ngale ndlela, ukukhawulezisa inkqubo ukuze inkonzo ilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Imigangatho emininzi
Kuyilo lwangaphambili, uluhlu ngalunye lwenza umsebenzi othile. Kwimeko yoyilo lwe-multilayer, imodeli yomthengi-weseva ifuna uncedo lwamanye amaseva ukuze akwazi ukwenza eyakhe imisebenzi.
Oku kuvumela iserver ukuba ibe nokuzimela xa kusenziwa iinkqubo. Oku kunceda ukuphucula ii-simulcasts, eziluncedo olukhulu kwimibutho emikhulu.
Izinto ezakhiweyo zemodeli yomthengi-weseva
Itekhnoloji yanamhlanje yenethiwekhi yenye yeendlela amawaka amaqela kunye nemibutho enokuqhuba ngayo imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwimizuzwana nje. Kwinqanaba lehlabathi, imisebenzi inxibelelene ngokuthe ngqo enceda ukuqhubekeka kwedatha kunye nolwazi ngokukhawuleza okukhulu phakathi komthengi kunye neseva.
Kungenxa yoko le nto inkqubo ifuna izinto ezithile, ezisebenza ukwenza yonke intshukumo enzima mihla le. Abaphuhlisi benethiwekhi kunye noochwephesha baphumeza uyilo olwahlukeneyo kuthathelwa ingqalelo uthotho lwezinto ezidibeneyo zenza imodeli yomncedisi womthengi wenkampani. Funda nzulu malunga nesi sihloko ngokunqakraza kwikhonkco elilandelayo Yakha intambo yenethiwekhi
Umxhasi
Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke le nkqubo. Ivumela ukusebenza kweenkqubo kwaye ifezekise ulwazi olwahlukileyo olucelayo. Inkqubo enjalo ibeka umxhasi kunye nomceli wenkonzo. Imelwe yikhompyuter ngohlobo lwesicelo sekhompyuter. Umthengi uhlala efuna idatha enxulumene nenkonzo evela kwinethiwekhi.
Umnatha
Kule meko, inethiwekhi imelwe siseti yabathengi, iiseva kunye novimba wolwazi ohlukeneyo, othi xa uhlanganisiwe wenze iqela eliqinileyo nelichanekileyo. Ngenethiwekhi, inkqubo ifuna iinkqubo ezithile zokufaka idatha okanye iinkqubo zomthengi
Umncedisi
Sasisele siwubonile umsebenzi kunye nokumeleyo kwiseva. Ke yinto ebalulekileyo ukuze sikwazi ukufikelela kwizibonelelo eziyimfuneko. Umncedisi ngumboneleli ngenkonzo onokwenziwa ngezixhobo ezithile zekhompyuter okanye izixhobo ezibonakalayo. Inesakhono sokufumana, sisebenzise kwaye sithumele izixhobo ezifunwa ngumthengi
Inkqubo
Iseti yemigaqo emiselweyo kunye neenkqubo ezinokuthi zihambise ukuhamba kolwazi kuyo yonke inkqubo yenethiwekhi iyaqwalaselwa. Ngaphandle kwale protocol uqhagamshelo luya kuba lubi kwaye abathengi banokubonisa ukulibaziseka kwiinkqubo zabo. Umgaqo-nkqubo unceda ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa ngokufumana ngokufanelekileyo izibonelelo kwindawo yabo.
Iinkonzo
Kwiimodeli zeseva yabathengi, limela iqela ledatha kunye nolwazi oluzama ukuphendula kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi. Inkonzo inokuba yeyalo naluphi na uhlobo. Phakathi kweenkonzo ziyafuneka kwii-imeyile ukuya kwiividiyo zomculo. Ngamafutshane, yindalo iphela yezixhobo zonxibelelwano ekufuneka zinikezelwe ngumthengi.
Idatha
Njengakwezinye iinkqubo zenethiwekhi okanye iifayile zoovimba, iziko ledatha lenza elo qela lolwazi olwahlukileyo olufumaneka nangaliphi na ixesha.
Ihlala i-odolwa kwaye yahlelwa kwinethiwekhi. Ikwasebenza njengediphozithi kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo. Ziziza apho umthengi anokukhetha ukubeka izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kubudlelwane nolwazi lwento abayenzayo.
Ukubaluleka
Umsebenzi owenziwe yinto nganye esele siyibonile uyayifeza, ngenene wenza inkqubo enomdla yenethiwekhi. Uyilo lwemodeli yomthengi-weseva kufuneka lube nezinto ezinokulungiswa kunye nokwenza imisebenzi ephunyeziweyo.
Ukubaluleka kweseva elungileyo enikezela umxhasi izixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye neziceliweyo ziyinxalenye yokusebenza kwenkqubo. Iindawo zokusebenzela ezahlukeneyo kufuneka zibe nezixhobo ezinokwenza iinkqubo ngendlela eyiyo.
Ke imodeli yomthengi-weseva ayixhomekekanga kuphela kulungiselelo lwenkonzo; kodwa namava oyilo kukhetho lwangaphakathi olunceda ukusombulula iingxaki kwangoko kwimeko enokwenzeka.
Iimodeli ezahlukeneyo zekhompyuter zixhomekeke kakhulu kulwakhiwo lweemodeli zeseva yomxhasi. Njengoko besibonile ngaphambili, oku kuyaphunyezwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ulwakhiwo lombutho lweenjongo ezithile zombutho. Inethiwekhi ye-intanethi ngowona mzekelo ubalaseleyo wemodeli yomncedisi wabathengi.
Sibona mihla le indlela izigidi zeekhompyuter ezinxibelelana ngayo nenethiwekhi. Yeyiphi ejongene nokusasaza izixhobo ngokukhawuleza kubaxhasi abajonge ngandlela thile ukufumana ulwazi kunye nedatha ebalulekileyo. Enye into efanelekileyo kukuba le modeli ibonelela ngonxibelelwano lwabathengi abaninzi phakathi kwezinye iiseva.
Isiphumo kukufumana usetyenziso kunye neenkonzo ezinesidingo sokuqhubekeka kwaye zigqitywe ngaxa lithile. Ukufumaneka kwemodeli ngokusisigxina, oku kuthetha ukuba akukho shedyuli apho unxibelelwano lunokwenziwa khona. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iinkampani ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko zibeka iiyure ezithile zokungena kwazo.
Siyayiqonda into yokuba phakathi kwezi zinto zisixhenxe yile apho inkqubo inokusebenza ngokusisigxina. Abathengi banokucela inkonzo ngalo naliphi na ixesha losuku. Kodwa ngokungafaniyo nombutho, izixhobo azilawulwa esidlangalaleni kodwa ngokuzimeleyo nangokuzimeleyo.
Inzuzo
Le modeli yokudibanisa ivumela ukuhambelana kweemodeli ezahlukeneyo. Ungadibanisa idatha yabathengi eyahlukeneyo enokufikelelwa ngaxeshanye. Oku kuvumela ukudityaniswa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwezinye iinkqubo nokuba zithini na. Ngamnye udityaniswe nenkqubo yokusebenza efanayo.
Kwelinye icala, into ebizwa ngokuba ziimodyuli yolwakhiwo ilawula ukudityaniswa kwezinye iitekhnoloji ezihlaziywa mihla le. Ngaphandle kwale nkcukacha yokuhambelana kuya kuba nzima ukugcina inkqubo kwiminyaka. Ukuhlaziywa kweenkqubo ezintsha ngokuzenzekelayo kuvumela ukukhula kwenkampani kuyo yonke imimandla yayo.
Ngokunjalo, igcina ukudityaniswa kwaye iyathanda ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano. Ukunika umsebenzisi ukubakho okungcono kunye nokuhlengahlengisa iinkqubo. Ngenxa yokuba ithathwa njengenkqubo entsha, imodeli yeseva yomthengi ilawula iinkqubo zolawulo zekhompyuter ezinceda ukugcina ucwangco kunye nolawulo kulawulo kwinkqubo nganye.
Oku kunenzuzo enkulu, kuba iindawo ezahlukeneyo zombutho zinokusebenza ngendlela ethile kwaye zinikezele ukusebenza okuphezulu kwiinkqubo, kwanokucinga ngokufumana izixhobo kwiseva efanayo.
Inkqubo nganye yenziwa ngaxeshanye kwaye oku kwenza ukuba iseva igcine indlela yokusebenza esebenzayo kakhulu. Ukubonelela ngezixhobo ezinceda inkampani ukuba ihambe ngendlela yokusebenza ukuze ifune ukukhula kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo kwixa elizayo.
Iingxaki
Phakathi kwezinto ezingalunganga ezinokwenzeka kule modeli, okokuqala, kukuba nabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kakhulu kwimicimbi yokujonga nokulungisa iiyunithi. Ayothusi into yokuba olu hlobo lweenkqubo ezinobuninzi lunokubangela ukusilela ngexesha lenkqubo yabo.
Iseva ineenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yokusebenza enceda ukuthintela izehlo ezimbi. Oku akunqandi ukuba kukho owona monakalo mkhulu. Kungoko kubalulekile ukuba nabasebenzi abakhethekileyo ukuze bachache. Kwelinye icala sinengxaki yokhuseleko.
Iinkqubo zeemodeli zeseva zabathengi zisengozini kakhulu kuba zihlala zithumela kunye nokwabelana ngolwazi olwahlukeneyo phakathi kwabaxhasi kunye neeseva. Nangona iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa umgaqo-nkqubo wokhuseleko zisetyenziswa, iinkqubo zihlala ziveliswa ngumonakalo ngabagculeli kunye neefayile ezinobungozi
Enye into engalunganga ibonakaliswa lutyalo-mali. Olu hlobo lwenkqubo lubiza kakhulu, lunokuphunyezwa kuphela ngoorhulumente kunye neenkampani ezinkulu. Ezinezixhobo ezaneleyo.
Ukongeza, ayisiyiyo kuphela ukufakwa kwayo, ukugcinwa kwayo kunye nolawulo kubonisa inkcitho enkulu kodwa ikwafuna ukusekwa kwezixhobo eziphezulu zohlahlo-lwabiwo mali ezinokwenza inkqubo isebenze.
Zifakwe phi?
Ezi nkqubo zifakwe kwiindawo ezininzi ezinikezela abathengi bazo okanye abantu iinkonzo ezahlukeneyo, iinkqubo zomnatha kunye nomsebenzi we-server. Okona kwaziwayo njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili yinethiwekhi ye-intanethi. Nangona kunjalo, masibone ukuba loluphi uhlobo lweenkonzo kunye nemisebenzi esetyenziselwa yona.
Kubalulekile kwiinkqubo ze-FTP. Zisetyenziselwa ukunxibelelana neseva ethile njengenxalenye yomthombo ophambili kunye nokubonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zolwazi, idatha kunye nolwazi kwabanye abathengi.
Bhrawuza kwi-intanethi usebenzisa iiseva zabucala ezinje ngeNginx, iApache kunye neLiteSpeed. Ikwavumela ukudityaniswa kwemidlalo yevidiyo yenethiwekhi. Kubalulekile ukuba nemodeli yeseva yomxhasi xa ufaka umdlalo wevidiyo. Kuwo wonke umhlaba inkqubo ye-DNS yaziwa ngokungahambelani kwayo ekufumaneni iidilesi ezahlukeneyo ze-IP.
Kananjalo oku kukuvumela ukuba unxibelelane nabathengi, abasoloko befuna izixhobo zenethiwekhi. Enye inkonzo esebenzisa izixhobo zemodeli yomthengi-yinkqubo ye-imeyile. Apho ivumela khona ukufumana omnye umsebenzisi ngokweempawu kunye needilesi ezifunwa ngumthengi.