Funda kulo lonke eli nqaku yintoni ulwimi oluphezulu kwinkqubo? Kwaye kuba ibaluleke kakhulu kwihlabathi lekhompyuter.
Ulwimi olukumgangatho ophezulu
Lolona lwimi lusondeleyo kulwimi lwendalo lomntu, hayi olona lwimi lusondeleyo kulwimi olubini lwekhompyuter. Inkqubo ye- iilwimi ezikumgangatho ophezulu Ke ngoko, bavumela ababhalisi beenkqubo ukuba babhale imiyalelo yenkqubo besebenzisa amagama okanye amabinzana egrama afana kakhulu nesiNgesi.
Umzekelo, ngolwimi lwe-C, ungasebenzisa amagama afana noonobumba abakhulu, ukuba, okwexeshana. Yenza ezi ngxelo zilandelayo kunye nabo: Ukuba (inombolo> 0) printf ("inombolo ilungile").
Ukuguqulelwa kwiSpanish kuthetha ukuba: ukuba inani likhulu kuneqanda, bhala lo myalezo ulandelayo kwiscreen: «Inombolo ilungile». Inkqubo ye- iilwimi ezikumgangatho ophezulu zibonakaliswa ngokuchaza ii-algorithms ngendlela ehambelana nokuqonda kwabantu kunokuba kwenziwe umatshini, yiyo loo nto ezi lwimi ziqwalaselwa iilwimi ezikumgangatho ophezulu kuba banokusebenzisa amagama anokuqondwa lula ziinkqubo.
abanye iilwimi ezikumgangatho ophezulu zezi: Ada, BASIC, COBOL, FORTRAN, Pascal
Enye into ebalulekileyo kwezi iilwimi ezikumgangatho ophezulu kukuba kwimiyalelo emininzi, amanyathelo aliqela ayafuneka ukubonisa into efanayo kulwimi lwendibano. Njengoninzi lweelwimi, ikwadibanisa amanyathelo aliqela kulwimi lomatshini.
Iimpawu ezikumgangatho ophezulu wolwimi
Ulwimi lolu hlobo lubhekisa kwelona nqanaba liphezulu lokususa ulwimi lomatshini, iilwimi azijongani neerejista, iidilesi zememori kunye nokugcinwa kweefowuni, kodwa zibhekisa kwizinto eziguquguqukayo, uluhlu, izinto, izibalo okanye amabinzana e-Boolean, subroutines kunye nemisebenzi , ii-loops, imisonto, ukuvalwa, kunye nezinye iikhompyuter zekhompyuter. Ngamafutshane, kugxilwe ekusebenziseni lula, hayi ukusebenza ngokukuko kwenkqubo.
Inzuzo
Izibonelelo ezinxulumene nolwimi olukumgangatho ophezulu zezi zilandelayo:
- Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iilwimi, ixesha loqeqesho lwenkqubo lincinci.
- Inkqubo isekwe kwimithetho yokwenziwa efanayo nolwimi lomntu.
- Igama lokuyalela, njenge-FUNDA, BHALA, PHRinta, VULA, phakathi kwabanye.
- Ukulungisa kunye nokulungisa iinkqubo kulula.
- Ukunciphisa iindleko zenkqubo yokuHamba.
Iingxaki
Izinto ezingalunganga ezinxulumene nolwimi olukumgangatho ophezulu zezi zilandelayo:
- Ixesha lokuseta lenyuka kuba iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yemithombo ziyafuneka ukufumana inkqubo yokugqibela.
- Izixhobo zoomatshini zangaphakathi azisetyenziswanga kwaye zisetyenziswa kakuhle kumatshini nakwiilwimi zebandla.
- Ubungakanani bememori enkulu. Ixesha lokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo lide.
Umgangatho ophezulu wolwimi
Ngama-1940 ikhompyutha yokuqala yanamhlanje yazalwa. Isantya esilinganiselweyo kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza kwamandla ememori ukuba zibhale iinkqubo ezinokuhlengahlengiswa kakhulu zeelwimi.
Ekugqibeleni baqonda ukuba inkqubo yolwimi yendibano ifuna umsebenzi omninzi wobuchopho kwaye inempazamo enkulu.
Ngo-1948, uKonrad Zuse wapapasha inqaku elithetha ngolwimi lwenkqubo yePlankalkül. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuzange kuphunyezwe ebomini bakhe, kwaye igalelo lakhe alinanto yakwenza nolunye uphuhliso.
Ezinye iilwimi ezibalulekileyo eziphuhliswe ngeli xesha zibandakanya:
- I-1943-Plankalkül (Hlonipha uConrad), iyilelwe kodwa ayaphunyezwa kangangesiqingatha senkulungwane.
- Ngo-1943-Inkqubo yeekhowudi ye-ENIAC izelwe.
- Ngo-1949-1954-Uthotho lweeseti zemiyalelo ye-mnemonic, ezinje nge-ENIAC yemnemonic set set.
Mfundi othandekayo hlala nathi ufunde malunga: Inkqubo yeC ++.
