Kusukela kwakhiwa amaprosesa, i-Intel ne-AMD bakwazile ukwenza ngcono amadivayisi okuqala weCentral Processing Unit, kwaze kwaba seqophelweni lokuphikiswa phakathi Amaphrosesa amahle kakhulu emakethe kulo 2021, ngezansi sizokwazisa ngalokhu, izici zazo, okungcono kakhulu nokuningi.
I-Intel ne-AMD bangabakhiqizi abakhulu bama-processor.
Amaprosesa amahle kakhulu emakethe ngo-2021
Amaprosesa noma i-central processing unit ngamadivayisi amancane anesibopho sokuhumusha imiyalo esebenzisa i-hardware, ngokufunda ukusebenza okuyisisekelo okunengqondo kanye nezibalo kusuka kokufakwayo nokuphuma kweyunithi. Kalula nje, ama-processor abonisa ubuchopho bekhompyutha noma bekhompyutha.
Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo okukhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kwamakhompyutha womuntu siqu noma wedeskithophu, ukwakheka kwayo kuye kwavela eminyakeni edlule, ikwazi ukugqamisa amandla ayo, izindleko, ukusebenza kahle kwayo futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke kungenzeka kokudla amandla amancane kakhulu.
Ungabakhetha kanjani amaprosesa amahle kakhulu?
Onke ama-processor asethengiswa namuhla noma abekade enesikhathi esithile, enzelwe ukwenza yonke imisebenzi eceliwe, kepha kukhona amamodeli athile agxila ezindaweni ezithile. Kunamamodeli anokuklanywa kwangaphakathi kokwakhiwa okuqondiswe emsebenzini wobuchwepheshe, abanye babheke emsebenzini olula.
Ngakho-ke emakethe singathola amaprosesa aklanyelwe ihhovisi, indawo yokusebenza kanye nabadlali bamageyimu. Indlela enhle yokubazi ukuhlukanisa ngamaqembu, njengoba sizobona ngezansi:
Amaprosesa ehhovisi
Kungakho ama-processor ama-2 noma ama-4 core kanye nama-4 angasetshenziswa kumakhompyutha wehhovisi, ngokwesibonelo, i-Intel Core i3 kanye ne-AMD Ryzen 3. APUs. Kuwo womabili ama-processor, siyabona ukuthi aqukethe ikhadi lemidwebo elihlanganisiwe, kepha-ke, kungahle kube nokuhlukile kuya ngohlobo lwesoftware noma okokusebenza.
Amaprosesa endawo yobungcweti
Kule ndawo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amaprosesa anezinga eliphakeme lezintambo nama-cores, ngoba isoftware iyakwazi ukusebenzisa amandla okufundisa afaka izinhlelo ezifana ne-3D Studio, Cinema 4D, DaVinci Resolve noma ezinye ezifanayo ikwazi ukufanisa imisebenzi.
Imininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ezinye zalezi zinhlelo zingasizana, uma zinezici ezifanayo nezamakhadi wokuqhafaza.
Amanye amamodeli aklanyelwe lo msebenzi angamaprosesa ebanga le-HEDT avela ku-Intel ne-AMD, njenge-Intel Core iX ne-AMD Threadripper, lawa maprosesa anezinhlamvu ezingama-32 nezintambo ezingama-64 ezinethuba lokukwazi ukuphatha inombolo enkulu yememori ye-RAM kubhodi ngayinye yomama.
Amaprosesa asekhaya
Imakethe yasekhaya noma amakhompiyutha edeskithophu kulapho iningi lama-processor manje aklanywe ngabakhiqizi abakhulu abaya khona, yize kungenanzuzo enkulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, lonke uhla lwe-Intel Core ne-AMD Ryzen yikho okutholwe kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza / ukulingana kwamanani.
Kumakhompyutha enza imisebenzi elula, ungafaka i-Intel Core i3 noma i-AMD Ryzen 3 enezinhlamvu ezimbalwa. Uma zisetshenziselwa ukugembula, i-Intel Core i5 ne-i7 noma i-AMD Ryzen 5 ne-7 enezinombolo eziyisisekelo ezijwayelekile.
Uma ngabe okudingayo kungamaphrosesa amahle kakhulu ongasebenza nawo, i-Intel Core i9 ne-AMD Ryzen 9 enezinombolo eziphakeme zama-cores zikulungele lokhu.
Ngale ndlela, siyabona ukuthi iprosesa ngayinye ekhona emakethe namuhla yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye, kungaba ngentengo, umsebenzi noma amandla.
Asho ukuthini amagama nezinombolo kwiprosesa ngayinye?
Amagama amaprosesa anawo angadala ukudideka okukhulu kubasebenzisi, ngenxa yenhlanganisela yezinombolo namagama, kepha uma sinaka singabona ukuthi umkhiqizo ngamunye utholakala kuphi kanye nencazelo yawo.
Kokubili i-AMD ne-Intel kunezigaba ezinhlanu ezihlukile zabaprosesa, kepha womabili asebenzisa amagama aqanjiwe afanayo ngokwebanga.
- Amaprosesa asezingeni eliphansi: I-AMD ine-Athlon ne-Intel enePentium neCeleron.
- Ububanzi be-Low-Mid: I-Intel inikeza i-Core i3 ne-AMD nge-Ryzen 3.
- Amaprosesa aphakathi nendawo: I-AMD ingumnikazi weRyzen 5 ne-Intel, iCore i5.
- Ububanzi obuphakathi nendawo: I-Intel ineCore i7 ne-AMD, iRyzen 7.
- Amaprosesa aphezulu: I-AMD ine-Ryzen 9 ne-Intel ene-Core i9.
Esinye isici okufanele sisikhombe yinombolo yesizukulwane i-CPU noma ikhadi leprosesa elinayo, ngokwesibonelo: esimweni seRyzen 7 3700X, ingebanga eliphakathi nendawo eliphakathi nendawo le-AMD elakhiwe nge-3rd Generation. Esinye isibonelo yi-Intel Core i5-10600K, eyi-10th Gen average processor.
I-AMD Ryzen 9 5900X ingenye yamaprosesa anamandla kakhulu akhona namuhla.
Yiziphi izici eziyinhloko okufanele ukuthi iprosesa enhle ibe nazo?
Ijubane lewashi
Lokhu kukalwa nge-GHz, kucatshangelwa ukuthi kuphezulu kangakanani, lapho iprosesa izobala ngokushesha. Amaprosesa akamuva afikile emakethe, imvamisa alungisa ijubane ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa okunikezwe lona kanye nokushisa kwalo.
Ngalesi sizathu, ungabona ijubane eliphansi neliphezulu elingafinyelelwa lapho iprosesa ifinyelela ku-100% futhi izinga lokushisa lalo aliphezulu kakhulu.
Umgogodla wokucubungula
Ama-CPU akamuva afike emakethe anama-processor amaningi ngaphakathi, ahluka phakathi kwama-cores ayi-4 kuye kwayi-12 anamandla okwenza umsebenzi wawo ngamunye. Ngokuvamile, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthenga ama-CPU ngama-cores amane.
Imicu kuma processor
Imicu iyinombolo noma izinombolo zezinqubo i-CPU engaziphatha ngokuzimela, okuvame ukuba inombolo efanayo yama-cores. Amaprosesa amaningi akhona namuhla anamandla okufundwa okuningi, okungukuthi, umnyombo owodwa ungadala imicu emibili. Esimweni se-AMD, bakubiza ngokuthi yi-SMT noma i-multithreading kanyekanye ne-Intel njenge-Hyper-Threading.
Iqiniso elibaluleke kakhulu okufanele silinake ukuthi iprosesa enemicu eminingi isivumela ukuthi senze izinto eziningi ngasikhathi sinye, futhi sikwazi ukujabulela ukusebenza kangcono.
TDP
Leli inani elikhulu lokushisa elilinganiswe ngama-watts (W) i-chip engayikhiqiza ngejubane elizenzakalelayo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi wazi ukuthi iprosesa izoshisa kanjani bese ukhetha i-heatsink enhle ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele kudivayisi.
I-processor processor
Bonke abacubungula baqukethe imemori ngokushesha kune-RAM, esetshenziselwa ukusheshisa okokufaka kwemiyalo nedatha phakathi kwe-RAM ne-CPU. Lapho imininingwane evela kokugcina ingatholakali kunqolobane, imemori ye-RAM ifinyelela phambili futhi ihamba kancane.
Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-Cache: I-L1 yiyona ebiza kakhulu kepha eshesha kakhulu emakethe, i-L2 ibiza kancane futhi ihamba kancane kunale eyedlule, ekugcineni, i-L3 ibiza ngokweqile, kepha ihamba kancane.
I-IPC
Kuyinombolo yemiyalo noma izinyathelo ezingenziwa yijubane lewashi. Lokhu kuncike ekwakhiweni kwe-CPU, ngenxa yokuthi lezi chips zanamuhla zinama-IPC aphezulu.
Amaprosesa amadala anejubane lewashi elifanayo nelanamuhla, anokusebenza okuphansi, umjikelezo ngamunye ungenza imiyalelo embalwa. I-CPI ayinayo imininingwane.
I-AMD Ryzen 3 3100, iprosesa ehamba phambili emakethe.
Kuyini ngokweqile?
Kungumkhuba osetshenziselwa ukukhulisa noma ukukhuphula ijubane leprosesa edala ukusebenza okuphezulu, nejubane elingaphezulu ledivayisi.
Umkhiqizi ngamunye unikeza abasebenzisi iprosesa ezinzile esebenza ku-3,7 GHz, futhi edlala ngokuphepha kwayo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-processor ephelele, ukwazi ukusebenza kuze kufike ku-3,8 noma ku-3,9 GHz ngaphandle kokwenza inkinga. Lokhu yilokho okubizwa nge-Overuls noma i-OC.
Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi nge-Overuls, ukuthi iqukethe ini, umsebenzi wayo, izinzuzo nezinkinga zalo mkhuba, vakashela i- yini eyeqile.
I-Intel Core i9
Amaprosesa ama-6 ahamba phambili emakethe kule 2021
Kulesi Sikhundla esilandelayo, sizobona izici ezihlukile zabaprosesa abayisithupha abahamba phambili abahlasela izimakethe zobuchwepheshe phakathi konyaka we-2021.
1.- AMD Ryzen 5 5600X: Intandokazi yekhwalithi / intengo yayo
Kuthathwa njengomprosesa ophakathi nendawo ohamba phambili abakwaze ukuklama, ngokususelwa ekwakhiweni kweZen 3 okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-IPC ngayinye kuze kufike ku-19%. Ngalesi sizathu, yiprosesa ekahle yemidlalo yevidiyo, ngoba inengqikithi eyodwa eyenzelwe ukusebenza kangcono.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ine-multicore esebenzayo ngokwanele ukuze uku-oda kungalethi izinkinga, kanye nezici ezilandelayo:
- Inezinhlamvu ezingu-6 nemicu eyi-12.
- Iwashi lesisekelo: 3.7GHz kuye ku-4.6GHz.
- Inqolobane: I-L1: 768 kB, L2: 3MB, L3: 32MB.
- Kuvuliwe: Yebo.
- Iphakheji: AM4.
- Uhlobo lwe-PCI Express: I-PCIe 4.0.
- I-TDP / TDP: 65w.
- Isikhathi. ubuningi.:95 ° C.
- Iyahambisana ne: Windows 10, RHEL x86 no-Ubuntu x86 64-bit.
- Uhlobo lwememori: I-DDR4.
- Ipulatifomu: I-Boxed processor.
- Isokhethi: AM4.
- Ucingo olulodwa.
2.- AMD Ryzen 3 3300X: Iprosesa eshibhile emakethe?
Ikhishwe ngo-2020 futhi kusukela lapho isibe ngesinye sezinguquko ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wama-PC gamers, noma kunjalo, le modeli namanje ayikwazi ukudlula i-Intel Core i9-9900K noma iRyzen 9 3900X. Kepha inani nokusebenza kwayo yizici eziyinhloko okuye kwaba intandokazi kubasebenzisi abaningi, ngaphandle kokuba:
- Inezinhlamvu ezine nezintambo ezi-4.
- Iwashi lesisekelo: 3.8 GHz.
- I-Architecture: IZen2.
- I-Turbo: kukhulu kuno-4.3GHz.
- Isivinini sememori esikhulu: I-DDR4 3200MHz.
- I-Cache: I-L1: 256KB, L2: 2MB ne-L3: 16MB.
- Iziteshi ezi-2.
- Imvamisa evuliwe: Yebo
- Uhlobo lwememori: I-DDR4.
- I-CMOS: 7nm.
- Ukushisa okuphezulu: Ama-degree angama-95.
- Isokhethi: AM4.
- I-TDP: 65w.
- Isixazululo se-Thermal: I-AMD Wraith Stealth.
- Udinga i-CPU enamandla.
3.- AMD Ryzen 3 3100: Ukusebenza okungabizi kakhulu nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu
Uma ufuna iprosesa eshibhile engakhiqizi izindleko eziningi ephaketheni lakho, akusadingeki uthenge into eseceleni, kufanele nje uye esitolo sakho uthenge i-AMD Ryzen 3 3100. Ngaphezu kwalokho, it isebenza kahle futhi ingaqhathaniswa nezinye ezifanayo.
Iqiniso elibaluleke kakhulu ngale prosesa ukuthi lisebenzisa amandla amancane kakhulu futhi imvamisa linezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu. Ezinye izici ezingagqanyiswa kule divayisi yilezi:
- Inezinhlamvu ezingu-4 nemicu eyi-8.
- Imvamisa: BAse: 3,6 GHz noMax.: 3,9 GHz.
- Ukukhiqiza: I-TSMC 7 nm FinFET.
- I-Cache: I-L1: 256 KB, L2: 2 MB, L3 16 MB.
- I-TDP: 65W.
- Isokhethi: AM4.
- I-PCIe 4.0: sí.
- Izakhiwo:Zen.
-
Ipulatifomu: I-Boxed processor.
4.- AMD Ryzen 9 5900X: Amandla amaningi
Le processor yathengiswa ngenyanga kaNovemba 2020, okuyenza ibe encane kunabo bonke abayisithupha, ngaphandle kokuyibeka njengenkosi yabo bonke abaprosesa bonyaka odlule. I-AMD Ryzen 9 5900X inezici ezilandelayo:
- I-Architecture: I-Zen 3 (64 bit)
- Izinhlamvu: 12
- Imicu: 24.
- Imvamisa: Isisekelo: 3.7 GHz futhi Tuumuthi:I-4.8 GHz
- I-Cache: I-L1: 768 KB, L2: 6 MB, L3 64 MB.
- Isibonisi sememori: I-DDR4-3200.
- Ukukhiqiza: I-TSMC 7 nm FinFET.
- Isokhethi: AM4.
- Isikhathi. ubuningi.: 90 ° C
- Intambo eminingi.
- Ukusebenza kocingo olulodwa.
5.- Intel Core i9 10900K: Iprosesa eyenzelwe abadlali bamageyimu
Uma ufuna ukudlala, i-Intel Core i9 10900K ngokungangabazeki iyiprosesa efanelekile kuwe, ngoba yayenzelwe ngentambo eyodwa esezingeni eliphezulu esiza ukufinyelela ku-5 GHz yejubane. Futhi i-octa-core futhi ingasebenza ngemicu engu-16 ngakho-ke ukufundwa kwayo okuningi kuhle kakhulu.
- Inezinhlamvu ezingu-10 nemicu eyi-20.
- I-Cache: 20 MB Intel Smart Inqolobane.
- I-TDP: 125W.
- Imvamisa: BAse: 3,7 GHz noMax.: 5,3 GHz.
- Ukukhiqiza: 14nm
- Isokhethi: I-FCLGA 1200.
- I-PCIe 4.0: akukho.
- Isikhathi. ubuningi.: 100 ° C.
- Imemori ye-RAM: I-128 GB.
- Ukusekelwa kwememori ye-ECC: Cha
- I-Intel® 630 UHD Graphics.
6.- I-Intel Core i5-10600K
Yiprosesa yamabanga aphakathi eza emakethe maphakathi no-2020, ebusa imakethe yezobuchwepheshe eminyakeni yamuva nokuthi ngokusho kwabagxeki inokusebenza okuhle kwezintambo eziningi nocingo olulodwa, inani lemali elihle kakhulu, kusha kakhulu futhi inekhono eleqile ngokweqile.
- Inezinhlamvu ezingu-6 nemicu eyi-12.
- Imvamisa: BAse: 4,1 GHz noMax.: 4,8 GHz.
- I-Cache: 12 MB Intel Smart Inqolobane.
- Ukukhiqiza: 14nm
- Isokhethi: I-FC LGA 1200.
- I-TDP: 125W.
- I-PCIe 3.0: Yebo
- I-Intel 630 UHD Graphics.
- Imemori ye-RAM: I-128 GB.
- Izandiso ze-Intel Software Guard: Yebo
- I-Intel OS Guard: Yebo.
- Izandiso zemiyalo: I-Intel SSE4.1, i-Intel SSE4.2, i-Intel AVX2.
I-AMD ne-Intel yizinkampani zobuchwepheshe ezinikezela ngama-processor amahle kakhulu emakethe.
Intel vs AMD: yikuphi okungcono?
Umbango walezi zinkampani ubulokhu ukhula njalo ngonyaka, ngenxa yomncintiswano okhona phakathi kwazo zombili, ukuthola umkhiqizo omuhle kanye nenzuzo ephezulu kakhulu. Kepha yikuphi okuhle kakhulu?
Le yimpendulo engahle ingabi khona, ngoba i-AMD ne-Intel banokuhluka okukhulu okubenza bahluke, njengomkhiqizo wabo ngamunye. Endabeni ka-Intel, amaprosesa abo agxila ekusebenzeni nasejubane lemvamisa kumgogodla owodwa, okwenza kube ukubheja okuhle kakhulu kubadlali bamageyimu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaprosesa we-AMD adalwe ngenani elikhulu lama-cores nemicu ukujabulela ngokugcwele ukusebenza kwawo. Le divayisi ivame ukuba wusizo kakhulu ekusebenziseni izinhlelo eziningi nokwenza imisebenzi eminingi, ngaphandle kokubanga izinkinga ezisilelayo noma zekhompyutha.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kunzima kakhulu ukukhetha inkampani eyodwa kunenye. Isibonelo, amaprosesa wedeskithophu acelwa kakhulu ngabasebenzisi futhi ngokusho kochwepheshe i-Intel Core i9-10900K, elandelwa yiRyzen 3900X.
Endabeni yezindleko zamaprosesa akamuva aklanywe yilezi zinkampani, abagxeki bathembele kwi-AMD yamakhompyutha agxile endaweni yokudala ne-Intel, kulabo abakha amakhompyutha abazowadlala. Njengoba lezi zivame ukubiza ngaphansi kwe-Intel futhi zinezici ezifanayo kakhulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ziyavelela kuzici ezithile ezidingekayo ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza noma imidlalo.
Ngaphandle kwakho konke lokhu, lezi zinkampani zikwazile ukuklama amaprosesa ahlukile ngenkathi zandisa ukusebenza kwalawa madivayisi nsuku zonke, kanye nobuchwepheshe sonke esibaziyo, okunikeza isampula elincane lekusasa elisilindele esizukulwaneni esilandelayo, noma ngabe iyiphi inkampani Noma ngabe iyiphi iprosesa ehamba phambili.
Uma ngabe le ndatshana ikusizile ukuthi ufunde kabanzi ngama-processor akamuva akhululwe yi-Intel ne-AMD, sikumema ukuthi uvakashele futhi ufunde kabanzi ngawo Iprosesa ehamba phambili ye-I5 , iprosesa enhle kakhulu ebiyingxenye yomlando nokuvela kobuchwepheshe ozoyithanda.