Yazi kule ndatshana buyekeza vula glKuyinqubo elula ukuyenza umsebenzisi ngokwakhe angayenza, kufanele alandele ngokucophelela izinyathelo ezivela emakhasini asemthethweni, futhi ngokushesha uzoba nohlelo olubalulekile oluzomvumela ukuthi ajabulele izinzuzo zalo.
Vuselela i-opengl
Igama elithi opengl, lisho i-Graphic Library, akuyona ulimi lohlelo, liyiqembu lemitapo yolwazi elisetshenziswa ngezilimi zokuhlela ukufeza ukuxhumana phakathi kwesoftware, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kanye ne-graphic hardware.
Lapho umsebenzisi ezijabulisa ngamageyimu evidiyo kukhompyutha, izithombe ezahlukahlukene ezimbaxambili kanye nezintathu zivela esikrinini, ezibonakala ngesikhathi sangempela, ukufeza lokhu kusetshenziswa i-API, okusho ukuthi i-Application Programming Interface, eyi- umtapo wolwazi obanzi obonakalayo onomsebenzi wokukhombisa imiyalo ukuze i-PC ikwazi ukuphatha ukwandiswa kwemiklamo yezithombe.
Ukuvuselela i-Opengl, uhlelo lwehluzo olunikeza ukujabulela ukulingiswa kwezindiza kanye nemidlalo yevidiyo ejabulisayo njengamanje, umncintiswano omkhulu emakethe yiMicrosoft Directx.
U-Opengl, unikeze umtapo wolwazi wendabuko kunazo zonke kuma-laptops nakuma-desktops, ngesikhathi sokudlala imidlalo evelele kakhulu yevidiyo, noma kungenzeka ukuthi isebenza ngamamodeli amathathu-ntathu, lolu hlelo lwehluzo lube namandla kakhulu ezikhathini zakamuva, futhi njalo kuhambisana neMicrosoft Directx.
Ukuze umsebenzisi afake inguqulo yakamuva yamashayeli we-Opengl, kumasistimu weWindows 7 no-10, into esemqoka okufanele yenziwe ukukopisha uhlobo olusha lwamashayeli ekhadini lemidwebo, umsebenzi wawo ukubonisa imidwebo esweni.
Kule bhulogi sincoma nabasebenzisi ukuthi bazi ezinye izindatshana ezithokozisayo, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi uyafunda Yini i-drupal.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ikhompyutha ihambisane nezimpawu zokuhweba ezilandelayo ezifana ne: Intel Graphics, NVIDIA GeForce, AMD Radeon.
Buyekeza ama-Opengl driver weWindows
Njengamanje kunemidlalo eseqhulwini emakethe, futhi idinga ukubuyekezwa ngokuya nge-API efakwe kukhompyutha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuvuselela i-opengl enguqulweni yamanje.
Ukuze uvuselele kahle i-Opengl enguqulweni yakamuva, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lolu hlelo lunemisebenzi ehlukene engaphezu kuka-250 engasetshenziswa ezenzweni ezimbaxa ezintathu, futhi isuselwa ezinombolweni zeJiyomethri ezinjenge: ulayini, iphoyinti nonxantathu .
Ngaphambi kokulanda, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi abashayeli abaqukethwe ekhadini lemidwebo oyisebenzisayo bahambisana ngokuphelele nezibuyekezo zakamuva zabashayeli be-Opengl, ofuna ukuba nazo, eziqinisekisa ukuthi ungazijabulela izithombe ezinhle kakhulu esibukweni, futhi. isipiliyoni esingenakulibaleka, nokuthi ngeke baphonse ubunzima ezinsukwini ezizayo.
Kulesi siqeshana sizokhombisa izinyathelo okufanele sizilandele ukukufeza:
- Endabeni yokuba namakhadi wehluzo we-AMD Radeon neWindows, kufanele ulande abashayeli be-AMD Radeon.
Kutholakala ngokuya ngqo kuwebhusayithi ye-AMD yokulanda, ngakho-ke izinyathelo ezilandelayo kufanele zilandelwe ukuvuselela i-opengl:
- Buka ibhokisi lombhalo ngenketho "Khetha ngokwakho isilawuli sakho" bese ugcwalisa imininingwane eceliwe esikhaleni ngasinye.
- Kufanele ukhethe uhlobo lomkhiqizo - chofoza ku- "Graphics Cards".
- Khombisa ukuthi luhlobo luni lwekhadi lolu lwazi olukubhokisi lokuqala lokupakisha, ngakho-ke kulula ukulithola kuphakeji wokuqala.
- Buka imodeli ngqo - uhlelo olusebenzayo, noma ngabe yiWindows 10 noma iWindows 7.
- Chofoza ku- "Khombisa Imiphumela".
- Kukhetho lwe- "Izici" - chofoza inketho ethi "Landa" eceleni kwe- "Radeon Software" - inqubo yokulanda ngokuzenzekelayo yenguqulo ebuyekeziwe iqala ngokushesha.
- Lapho usuphothuliwe, uhlelo kufanele luvulwe, futhi luqhubeke ngenqubo yokufaka.
- Kufanele uchofoze ku- "Okulandelayo", izikhathi eziningi njengoba uceliwe, uma inqubo isiqedile, kufanele uqale kabusha ikhompyutha.
- Kubuyekezwe amakhompyutha we-Opengl kwa-AMD.
Okwamakhadi wehluzo we-NVIDIA GeForce neWindows
Ukwenza inqubo ye buyekeza i-Opengl Windows 10Kulolu hlobo lwekhadi lemidwebo, amashayeli we-NVIDIA GeForce kufanele alandwe, ngakho-ke kufanele kwenziwe lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Iya ngqo ekhasini lamashayeli wekhadi le-NVIDIA, kufanele uchofoze, ufake ifomu eliyisa umsebenzisi enguqulweni elandwayo ngokushesha.
Ebhokisini "Inketho 1", kufanele usethe kabusha amanani ezinkambu ezahlukahlukene:
- "Uhlobo lomkhiqizo" lisho umndeni wekhadi (i-GeForce).
- Uchungechunge Lomkhiqizo ”, ibanga ikhadi elingelakho.
- "Umkhiqizo" uyisibonelo.
- "Uhlelo Lokusebenza" lusho uhlelo olusebenzayo.
- "Ulimi" ulimi oludinga ukusungulwa.
- Ngemuva kokuphothula imininingwane emikhakheni efanele, chofoza ku- "Sesha".
- Ngokushesha kuvela umlayezo lapho i-NVIDIA ikhombisa khona imiphumela yosesho, kusilawuli esivumelana kangcono nemfuneko.
- Chofoza ku- "Landa manje".
Lapho isifaki sesikukhompuyutha, okumele ukwenze ukuyivula, bese uqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngokufaka, kufanele uqalise kabusha ikhompyutha ukuze ukufakwa kuguqulwe, kusukela kulo mzuzu unenguqulo entsha yomshayeli u-Opengl onikezwe ngu I-NVIDIA.
Landa Abashayeli be-Intel Graphics
Ukwenza inqubo yokulanda nokuvuselela i-opengl, kufanele kulandelwe lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo ezilula nezilula:
- Iya kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomkhiqizo ukufaka indawo yokulanda, ungakhetha abashayeli bekhadi ngendlela eqondene nawe.
- Uma ulanda, usesigabeni esithi "Okulandiwe" se-portal esemthethweni yokuxhaswa kwe-Intel.
- Kufanele ukhethe isizukulwane lapho ikhadi elihlanganisiwe lehluzo lihambelana khona, ngokuchofoza kukho "Imikhiqizo".
- Lapho inqubo isiqedile, iwebhu iqala ukulayisha inketho efanayo futhi.
- Khetha imodeli ethile yekhadi lehluzo.
- Khetha "Abashayeli" kumenyu "Yohlobo Lokulanda".
- Chofoza ku-Windows 10 noma ku-7 kunketho ye- "Operating system".
- Khetha phakathi kwezinketho eziboniswe engxenyeni engezansi evela efasiteleni, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe okukamuva kakhulu, kuyaziwa ngokukhombisa usuku lokuqalisa.
- Ngokushesha, isifaki silandelwa kukhompyutha, kufanele ulinde ukuthi siqede, bese uqhubeka nokuyivula, bese wenza ukufakwa kwamashayeli abuyekezwe kakhulu.
- Ekupheleni kwale nqubo, ikhompyutha kufanele iqale kabusha.
- Ngemuva kokuqalisa kabusha ikhompyutha, umsebenzisi unenguqulo entsha ye-Opengl ku-Intel Graphics.
Landa futhi ufake inguqulo yakamuva ye-Opengl mahhala
Lapho usuqede inqubo yokulanda nokufaka izibuyekezo zamanje zokushayela ikhadi, kumele wazi ukuthi unayo yonke imitapo yolwazi ye-Opengl, futhi ukulungele ukuyisebenzisela imidlalo yevidiyo exhaswa yiyo, ukuze lokho okudingwa yisoftware iyasebenza, kepha okunye ukufakwa akufanele kwenziwe ngenhloso yokusebenzisa uhlelo.
Yini i-Open GL?
Kungazwisiseka njenge-Opengl, i-API, ukuthi umsebenzi wayo njengomtapo wolwazi ovulekile oqukethe imidwebo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo okukhulu ukusheshisa kwe-3D, phakathi kwezinzuzo zayo enikeza umsebenzisi, ukuthi imitapo yolwazi edingekayo ifakwa ngokuzenzakalela, nokuthi futhi iyahambisana namamodeli wamakhadi wokuqhafaza akhona emhlabeni wemakethe yamakhompyutha, futhi ahambisana ne-Opengl API.
Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele mayelana ne-Opengl
Kukhona inani elikhulu lezinto ezingenziwa ngohlelo lwehluzo le-Opengl, kusuka ekusebenziseni izithunzi, ukwakheka nokukhanya ukwenza imicimbi ibe ngokoqobo ngokwengeziwe.
Umtapo wolwazi wemifanekiso uqukethe cishe imihlahlandlela ehlukene eyi-150 esetshenziselwa ukubeka izinto nokusebenza okudingekayo ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlangene ngokuphelele.
I-Opengl, inikeza umsebenzisi izinto ezinjengokuzimela maqondana neplatifomu yehadiwe kanye nohlelo lokusebenza umuntu analo, lunikeza usizo olukhulu emikhiqizweni yalo, lolu hlelo luyavuma ukuthi ziyenziwa:
- Ukwakhiwa kobujamo bejiyometri obuvela kokwangempela
- Beka izinto esikhaleni esime ngakuthathu, bese ukhetha isenzo sendawo leyo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwethoni ezintweni, kungaba endabeni yokukhanyisa noma ukwakheka.
- Ukuguqula umqondo wezinto zezibalo nolwazi mayelana nombala kumaphikseli esikrinini inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-rasterization.
Kubalulekile ukuveza ukuthi i-Opengl yenziwa ukudweba izinhlelo ezisebenzisanayo, futhi ivumela amathuluzi omsebenzisi ukuthi akhethe amakhono awo, ayindlala ngempela phakathi kwezinye izinto; dala izixhumi ezibonakalayo zokuqhafaza ngezinga eliphakeme lokuxhumana.
Yonke le mikhawulo iholele ekwakhiweni kwemitapo yolwazi efana ne-AUX ne-GLUT, kungashiwo ukuthi imitapo yolwazi ye-AUX inobuthakathaka obuningi, futhi isicelo sayo sinqunyelwe ezinhlelweni zokufunda kuphela.
Ngenkathi umtapo wolwazi we-GLUT unezinga eliphezulu lokusebenza ekuphathweni kwezinto ezisebenzisanayo ze-3D, i-GLUT ibhekisa kusixhumi sohlelo lwe- “C” ANSI neFortran esivumela ukubhala izinhlelo ku-Opengl, futhi ziyi-windows operating system ezimele ngokuphelele.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi imitapo yolwazi ye-GLUT inikeza umsebenzisi, phakathi kwezinye izinto eziningi, okulandelayo:
- Amawindi amaningi wokunikezela
- Ukucubungula imicimbi eqalwe ngumsebenzisi emnyango, ama-callbacks.
- Izinhlobonhlobo zamadivayisi wokufaka.
- Amamenyu okudonsela phansi.
- Imizila yokukhiqiza izinto ezijwayelekile.