Isifunda esixubekile Siyini futhi siyini izici zayo?

Sazi izindlela ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokuxhunywa kukagesi ngaphakathi kwesekethe: lokhu kufezwa ngochungechunge noma ukuxhumana okuhambisanayo; indlela yesithathu ifaka ukusetshenziswa kokuxhumeka kwe-serial nokufana, okubizwa isifunda esihlanganisiwe noma kuhlangene. Uma ufuna ukwazi konke ngalesi sifunda, qhubeka ufunde i-athikili yethu.

Uyini umjikelezo oxubekile?

Lapho kukhulunywa nge isifunda esihlanganisiwe, Kuthiwa yinhlanganisela yento eyodwa noma ezingaphezulu ezixhunywe zombili ochungechungeni futhi ngokufana, ngakho-ke izakhiwo nezici zayo kuyinyunyana yezinhlobo ezimbili zokuxhuma ezikhona.

Ngabe umsebenzi wesifunda oxubekile usebenza kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lwesifunda lunokuphakelwa kwamandla, okuxhunywe ochungechungeni kusuka kuswishi enika amandla lonke uhlelo ngokulinganayo. Ngemuva kwalokhu okuphakelayo, imvamisa sinamasekethe amaningana wesibili, okulungiselelwa kwawo kungahluka ngokuya ngesakhiwo sabamukeli; uchungechunge namasekhethi ahambisanayo ngaphandle kwephethini ethile.

Singathatha isithombe esedlule njengesibonelo, isekethe elinomsinga ovela engxenyeni yalo engezansi njengebhethri, futhi likwazi ukuhlukanisa libe yimisinga emibili engu-R4 no-R5, bese sijoyina futhi, bese sihlukanisa ukuze sikwazi ukuhamba izixhumi ezimbili u-R2 no-R3, bese ujoyina bese uphinda uhambo ngo-R1 bese ekugcineni ubuyela phezulu ebhethri.

Ngakho-ke, kunezindlela ezingaphezu kweyodwa zokuhamba kwamanje (isekethe elihambisanayo), kepha sinamasethi angaphezu kwamabili wamaphoyinti ajwayelekile kagesi esifundeni (uchungechunge lwesekethe). Okokuxhumeka kochungechunge, wonke amasekethe aseduze azosuswa ngokuzenzakalela kuyunithi lapho ingxenye yale loop noma inethiwekhi inqanyuliwe. Ngakho-ke uma i-resistor R1 inqanyuliwe phezulu, amanye ama-resistor azoyeka ukusebenza.

Uma sinesekethe lesibili elifanayo, uma enye yezinto incibilika, bese kukhiqizwa iphuzu elivulekile, elinye igatsha lizoqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuzimela. Ngakho-ke, uma sinqamula ama-resistors afanayo (R2, R3, R4 no-R5), wonke amagatsha aseduze azoqhubeka nokusebenza.

Aplicaciones

Engxenyeni enkulu yemishini yasendlini nezinto zobuchwepheshe, zingenziwa ngesisekelo samasekethe ahlanganisiwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi omakhalekhukhwini, omabonakude, amakhompyutha noma enye into efanayo inamasekethe kagesi axubekile njengengxenye ebalulekile yokuxhuma enakho ngaphakathi.

Izici zamasekethe ahlanganisiwe

• Okokuqala, lolu hlobo lwesifunda lubonakala ngokwakhiwa ngokususelwa enhlanganisweni yochungechunge namasekhethi ahambisanayo.
• Ngokufanayo, amandla kagesi angahluka ngokuya kokwehla kwamandla kagesi phakathi kwenodi ngayinye eyivezayo.
• Amandla wamanje angahluka ngokuya ngokuxhumeka.
• Ekugcineni, kunezindlela ezimbili zokubala ukumelana okuphelele kwe- isifunda esihlanganisiwe.

Ungaxazulula kanjani isekethe elixubekile?

Ukuxazulula ngendlela elula a isifunda esihlanganisiweSinesibonelo maqondana nesithombe sangaphambilini, lapho ama-resistors abekwe ngokufana, anokumelana okufanayo, ngakho-ke inhloso yalokhu ukucacisa amandla wamanje namandla kawo wonke amelana nawo atholakala.

Ukubalwa kokumelana okuphelele

Njengoba sesivele sazi, into yokuqala okufanele siyenze ukwenza isifunda kube lula, lokhu kwenziwa ngokufaka esikhundleni sokumelana okubili okufana nokumelana okukodwa okufana nokumelana okufanayo. Ngakho-ke, ama-resistor amabili ayi-8Ω ochungechungeni angalingana ne-resistor eyodwa engu-4Ω. Ngale ndlela, ama-resistor amabili egatsha, okungu-R2 no-R3, angafakwa esikhundleni sokumelana okukodwa okulingana no-4Ω, lokhu kumelana kuzoba ngochungechunge no-R1 no-R4, ngakho-ke ukumelana okuphelele kungaba:

• I-RTot = R1 + 4 Ω + R4 = 5 Ω + 4 Ω + 6 Ω RTot = 15

Ukubalwa kwenani lamanje

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sesivele singasebenzisa ukulinganisa komthetho ka-Omh (ΔV = I • R) ukuze sikwazi ukunquma inani eliphelele lesifunda. Lapho wenza lokhu, uzodinga ukusebenzisa ukumelana okuphelele namandla aphelele noma kungaba yini amandla webhethri. Sizoba njani:

• I_tot = ΔV_tot /R_tot = (60V) / (15Ω)

  I_tot = 4 Amps

Ngaphakathi kwesibalo samanje sama-amps ama-4 simele samanje endaweni yaleli bhethri. Kodwa-ke, ama-resistor ka-R1 no-R4 akuchungechunge futhi ama-resistors amanje axhunywe ochungechungeni ayafana kuwo wonke amaphuzu:

• I_tot = Mina₁ = Mina₄ = 4 Amps

Ngaphakathi kwamagatsha afanayo, isamba samanje ngasinye emagatsheni ngamanye sizolingana nesikhathi samanje esingaphandle kwaso. Ngakho ngi₂ + Mina₃, kuzofanele ilingane no-4amp.

Kukhona inani elingapheli lamanani okungenzeka ukuthi mina₂ + Mina₃ yanelisa lesi sibalo. Njengoba amanani we-Resistor ayafana, amanani amanje kuwo womabili ama-resistor nawo ayafana. Ngakho okwamanje kuma-resistors ngu-2 no-3 olingana no-2 amps.

• I₂ = Mina₃ = 2 Amps

Ukubalwa kwe-Voltage ngomthetho ka-Ohm

Manje njengoba sesazi okwamanje endaweni ngayinye yama-resistors ngamanye, singasebenzisa i-Ohm equation (ΔV = I • R) ngale ndlela singabona ukwehla kwamandla we-voltage ekumelaneni ngakunye, kube izibalo esiziveza ngezansi:

• ΔV₁ = Mina₁ •R₁ = (4Amps) • (5Ω)

  V₁ =20v

  ΔV₂ = Mina₂ •R₂ = (2Amps) • (8Ω)

  V₂ =16v

  ΔV₃ = Mina₃ •R₃ = (2Amps) • (8Ω)

  V₃ =16v

  ΔV₄ = Mina₄ •R₄ = (4Amps) • (6Ω)

  V₄ =24v

Izinyathelo Zokuhlaziywa Kwesekethe Ehlanganisiwe

1. Khomba ukuxhumana nochungechunge nokufana: Into esemqoka ukwazi ukuthi iziphi izingxenye zesifunda ezixhunywe ochungechungeni nokuthi iziphi izingxenye ezixhunywe ngokufana?
2. Zuza Ukumelana Okulingana: Kuzofanele usebenzise kahle uchungechunge nemithetho efanayo lapho kudingeka ukuze wehlisele ekumelaneni okukodwa okulingana.
3. Bala Ingqikithi Yamanje: Lapha kufanele usebenzise ukulinganisa komthetho kuka-Ohm ukunquma inani eliphelele lesifunda.
4. Ama-Resistors currents ochungechungeni: Ngemuva kokuthola i-Total Intensity, thola ama-resistor akuchungechunge namandla kagesi. Okwamanje ochungechungeni oluxhunywe ngama-resistors kuyafana endaweni ngayinye.
5. Ukwehla kwamandla wevolthi ezimelana ngokufana: Emagatsheni axhunywe ngokufana, inani lamanje egatsheni ngalinye lilingana nelamanje elingaphandle kwamagatsha.
6. I-Voltage yama-resistors ngokufana: Ngokuya ngesekethe yakho, sizoba nokwehla kwamandla kagesi ngenxa yokudlula kuma-resistors axhunywe ochungechungeni.
7. Ubungqabavu bamaResistors ngokufana: Okokugcina, njengoba wazi ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kuma-resistors axhunywe ngokufana, sebenzisa umthetho we-Ohm equation ukunquma okukhona manje emagatsheni amabili.

Uma ngabe uyithandile le ndatshana futhi ibiwusizo, ungakhohlwa ukuvakashela iwebhusayithi yethu ukuze ufunde izindatshana ezithokozisayo mayelana ne-elektroniki, njenge Ukusebenza kwamapaneli elanga nezinhlobo zayo ezinhle. Ngokunjalo, uma ufuna ukujulisa lesi sihloko, sikushiya ividiyo elandelayo, sinethemba lokuthi ngayo yonke idatha esikukhombisa yona kule ndatshana, uzoxazulula ukungabaza kwakho.