Izinhlobo zemakrofoni, yilokho esizobe sikhuluma ngakho kukho konke lokhu okuthunyelwe, lapho uzokwazi khona izinhlobo ezikhona nezici abanazo, ukuze ukwazi conocer yiphi enye yalezi zifanele lokho okufunayo. Ngakho-ke ngikumema ukuthi uqhubeke ufunde futhi ufunde ngalokhu.
Izinhlobo zemakrofoni
Imakrofoni zibhekele ukushintsha amandla e-acoustic abe amandla kagesi, izindlela ezahlukahlukene lapho lokhu kufinyelelwa khona, yilokho okukuvumela ukuthi kube khona ngokuhlukile. izinhlobo zemakrofoningokwesigaba sabo nokuthi bafika kanjani ekuthwebuleni imisindo. Kukhona okuhlukile izinhlobo zemakrofoni, kepha sizochaza enkulu kunazo zonke, eyakhiwe ngokulandelayo:
- Imakrofoni ezinamandla.
- Ukuhambisa imakrofoni zekhoyili.
- Nemibhobho efingqiwe.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo zemakrofoni
Lezi zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu esizochaza ngezansi:
Imakhrofoni ngokwakhiwa kwayo
Ngaphakathi kwemakrofoni ngokwakhiwa kwayo, singasho okulandelayo:
Imakrofoni yekhoyili ehambayo enamandla
Umbhobho osetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emicimbini yomculo. Umsebenzi wawo uyefana nowokushintsha ama-generator amanje, ku lapho amagagasi e-acoustic ebhekene nolwelwesi lobumbano. Ingeniswa kumandla kazibuthe adalwe uzibuthe.
Futhi ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe kwale khoyili ngaphakathi kukazibuthe kukhiqiza amandla kagesi, okuyisiginali esizoyisebenzisa. Lokhu kufana nesipikha kepha emuva.
Imakhrofoni ye-Condenser
Lona umbhobho osetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-studio okuqopha, njengoba ezwela kakhulu. Ukusebenza kwalokhu kusekelwe esimisweni sokusebenza kwe-capacitor, cisikhukhukazi ku-condenser elinye lamapuleti linokuhamba maqondana nelinye, ibanga phakathi kwazo liyahluka futhi ngakhoke umthamo wokulayisha walokhu nawo uyahluka.
Ukuhamba kwaleli puleti lamahhala kwenza i-capacitor ingakwamukeli ukukhokhiswa kwe-elektroni, nokuyinto ezokhiqiza isignali kagesi esiyidingayo, ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lwemakrofoni oludingayo ukuyifaka ugesi. Njengolwazi olwengeziwe singasho ukuthi lezi ziyazwela kumswakama futhi ziba ntekenteke ngokwengeziwe.
Imakrofoni ngokusho kwezimpawu zokuthatha
Akunandaba ukuthi hlobo luni lokwakhiwa kwemakrofoni, zisesimweni sokulanda okulinganayo. Njengoba ukusakazwa komsindo kwehlukile ngokuya ngemvamisa lapho usakazeka khona, ngakho-ke iveni yomsindo izohlala yehlukile. Phakathi kwalezi izinhlobo zemakrofoni sinoku okulandelayo ngezansi:
Ama-Microphones Omnidirectional
Yilawo makrofoni acosha imisindo nhlangothi zonke. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ezeshashalazi, kuma-TV nakuma studio okuqopha.
Amakhadi we-Cardioid
Lo makrofoni unomdwebo we-polar omise okwenhliziyo, yingakho negama lawo. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa njengombhobho ophathwa ngesandla, igwema ukuthwebula izimpawu zesandla kumakrofoni futhi igweme impendulo.
Ama-Microphones we-Unidirectional-Directional
Lezi zinhlobo zemakrofoni zibona ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela; ezaziwa kakhulu inganono, esetshenziswa kakhulu ebhayisikobho ukuhlukanisa umsindo kumabanga athile, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ungaphazamisi isithombe. Futhi, isetshenziselwa ukujabulela imisindo emikhulu efana nethrafikhi, izilwane, phakathi kwabanye. Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yimiphi imishini ebonakalayo esetshenziselwa yona, sizokushiyela isixhumanisi esilandelayo Uyini umshini obonakalayo?
Yiziphi izici okufanele ukuthi umbhobho omuhle ube nazo?
Ukuze umbhobho ulunge kumele ube nezici ezilandelayo:
- Kufanele ibe nezinga lokucindezela umsindo elihle kakhulu ukuze ingaphazamisi isignali yokukhipha.
- Lokhu kumele kube nezinga eliphansi lomsindo wokuzimela, okuwumsindo lapho ama-molecule omoya eshayisana nolwelwesi lombhobho.
- Kufanele ibe nesilinganiso esiphakeme sesiginali-nomsindo, ngoba lokhu kukhuphuka kwalesi silinganiso, kuzocaca ngokwengeziwe.
- Ukuzwela, okuyizinga lokukhipha kwesiginali ye-acoustic kanye nezinga lamandla kagesi kumakrofoni.
- Ukukhishwa kwe-impedance yisilinganiso sokumelana kwangaphakathi imakrofoni enakho njengokusebenza kwemvamisa yayo.
- Umkhawulo wokugcwalisa, okuyileveli ephezulu yengcindezi lapho imibhobho ihlanekezela khona isignali.
Kule vidiyo elandelayo ungafunda kabanzi nge- izinhlobo zemakrofoni nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Ngakho-ke sikumema ukuba uyibone ngokugcwele ukuze ucacise noma imiphi imibuzo ongaba nayo lapho uthenga umbhobho. Sithemba ukuthi uyijabulele yonke imininingwane ethokozisayo esikushiyela yona.