Kulesi sihloko sizobe sikhuluma nge izinhlobo zezithombe zedijithali, ngakho-ke qhubeka ufunda ukuthola konke ngale ndaba ethokozisayo.
Yazi zonke izinhlobo zezithombe zedijithali
Izinhlobo zezithombe zedijithali
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezithombe zedijithali ngokujwayelekile:
- Izithombe zeVector
- Izithombe zeBitmap
Izithombe zevektha ziyizithombe ezakhiwe izinto zejometri ezizimele zodwa (imigqa, amajika, amapholigoni, njll.) Ezinezimfanelo zezibalo (amavekhtha) ezicacisa izakhiwo zazo (ukuma, umbala, ukuma,…). Izithombe zeBitmap zakhiwa ngamachashazi amancane (amaphikseli) ngamunye anolwazi lombala nokukhanya.
Wake wazibuza ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamafomethi ezithombe ezidijithali akhona? Kulesi sifundo sizokhuluma ngamafomethi ezithombe ezidijithali athandwa kakhulu namuhla.
Imininingwane yomdwebo, kungaba isithombe, ilogo noma yini enye, igcinwa ngefomethi yesithombe esidijithali. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene, kepha ezinye zivele njengezidume kakhulu.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zamafomethi wesithombe sedijithali akhona?
Yize kunamafomethi amaningi wefayela lesithombe, bambalwa kuphela abazimise njengabaluleke kakhulu. Ngayinye inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo, kepha okulandelayo yikho okuthandwa kakhulu:
I-JPG
Yifomethi yokuncipha elahlekile eyenziwe ngesidingo sokunciphisa usayizi wamafayela wesithombe. Kube ngenye yamafomethi wesithombe athandwa kakhulu iminyaka eminingi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa namafomethi afana ne-BMP, i-JPG inokusebenza okuhle futhi konga isikhala esiningi. Kuhle kakhulu ukuthatha izithombe ezikhululekile, kepha akuyona inketho efanelekile yochwepheshe, ngoba ukulahleka kwekhwalithi kubonakala, okungenani ngaphansi kwalezi zimo.
I-PNG
Ifomethi ye-PNG yifomethi yesithombe se-bitmap eqanjwe nge-Portable Network Graphics. Le fomethi, eyethulwe okokuqala ngo-1995, inezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwamanye amafomethi.
Le fomethi isekela ukwenza izinto obala kwangempela, okuyinzuzo enkulu kakhulu, futhi lokhu kusho ukuthi isithombe esigcinwe ngale ndlela singasetshenziswa njengesitika noma kumakhasi ewebhu. Uma usebenzisa amathuluzi afanele, ungaguqulela izithombe ze-PNG ku-JPG ngaphandle kwekhwalithi yokudela.
BMP
Ifomethi ye-BMP indala impela; Yaqala ukusungulwa yiMicrosoft ngo-1986 futhi yayinde indinganiso yezimboni yezithombe zedijithali nemidwebo. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje sekuthandwa kakhulu.
Njengoba ifomethi ye-BMP kungeyona ifomethi yokuminyanisa, enye yezingqinamba zayo ukuthi izithombe zivame ukuphatha idatha eningi. Yize ikhwalithi yalo inhle kakhulu; uma ufuna ukwenza ushintsho esithombeni, udinga ukusebenzisa ifomethi ehlukile.
Yize inkinga yesisindo ibalulekile, futhi ungahlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukunciphisa isithombe nge-BMP, njengoba kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza lokho.
GIF
Ifomethi yokushintshana ye-Graphics, ehumushela ku-Graphics Interchange Format, igama lefomethi yefayela le-GIF. Le fomethi yadalwa ngo-1987, kepha isathandwa kakhulu nanamuhla. Yifomethi engalahleki, kepha ungasebenzisa kuphela imibala engama-256 njengempendulo.
Enye yezinzuzo eziphawuleka kakhulu zale fomethi, nesizathu sokusetshenziswa kwayo kabanzi, yikhono lokukhiqiza imidwebo egqwayizayo. Lokhu kusebenza mhlawumbe yikhona okusindise ifomethi ekuqothulweni, njengoba isasetshenziswa nanamuhla kuzingxenyekazi ezinjengeWhatsApp neFacebook.
I-SVG
I-SVG yifomethi ye-vector ebilokhu ithandwa, ikakhulukazi kubathuthukisi bewebhu. Yifomethi esabekayo engacindezelwa futhi. Izithombe ezikule fomethi, zilula kakhulu kunalezo ezikwezinye izinhlobo.
Eqinisweni, njengoba le fomethi ingasetshenziswa emakhasini womuntu siqu, kunengqondo ukwazi izinzuzo nobubi bokusebenzisa i-SVG kuwebhusayithi ukuhlola ukuthi ingabe ilungele le nhloso.
Ifomethi ye-RAW
I-RAW ayibhekiseli kufomethi ethile, kepha kuyo yonke ihluzo engacindezelwe. Ukubeka ngenye indlela, amafomethi we-RAW aphatha izithombe ngokucubungula okuncane, azenze zisebenze kahle kakhulu ukusebenza nazo.
Abathwebuli zithombe nabanye abadali bokuqukethwe basebenzisa lolu hlobo lwefayela kakhulu. Ivumela ukuthola okokusebenza endaweni engacutshungulwa. Ukubukeka okulula kakhulu kokushintsha amafayela wesithombe. Nakhu ukuthi le ndatshana iside kangakanani. Ukube bekuthanda kwakho, sincoma ukuthi uvakashele elandelayo ephathelene nayo izibonelo zesoftware.