Amakhompiyutha anezinto eziguqula okushintshayo kube okwamanje ngqo ukuze izingxenye zikusebenzise ekusebenzeni kwazo. Lezi yizona izixhumi zamandla kagesi.
Isixhumi esinikeza amandla okokusebenza
Izixhumi zokunikezwa kwamandla
Izixhumi zamandla kagesi yizintambo ezixhunywe kudivayisi ngayinye esekhompyutheni, lezi kufanele zilungiswe ukuze kutholakale ukuxhumana nenethiwekhi, kepha-ke kungenzeka ukuthi izixhumi ezikhethekile ziyatholakala ukusungula lesi sixhumanisi. Isibonelo izixhumi ezaziwa kakhulu ze-ICE, ezibonakala ngekhwalithi yazo ekudluliseni ugesi ezingxenyeni zikagesi.
Kubalulekile ukuba nolwazi lokuthi ungalwenza kanjani lolu hlobo lokuxhuma ngoba kufanele ube nokuvikeleka okuphelele kunqubo yokufaka, ngale ndlela uvikela ukulimala kunoma iyiphi idivayisi ekukhompyutha. Ngalezi zixhumi, ukunikezwa kwamandla kuyiswa kubhodi yomama, okusho ukuthi, kubhodi yomama eqhubeka nokusebenza kwayo.
Ngaphandle kokuphakelwa kwamandla, i-hardware eningi exhunywe kwikhompyutha ayikwazi ukusebenza, ngoba idinga la mandla kagesi ukufeza izinhloso zawo. Isibonelo amaphrinta okumele axhumeke esokeni, kukhona nama-monitors, ungaze ube nezimpondo ezinalokhu kuncike kugesi.
Isici somthombo wamandla ukuthi siqukethe ibhokisi le-inert eliphelele ngopulasitiki nensimbi, futhi linamandla okusebenzisa amasekethe nokushintsha izinto eziguqula ukushintshana kwamanje ukuqondisa okukhona manje, ukuze izingxenye zekhompyutha zisebenze kahle.
Uma ungenayo le ngxenye, okokusebenza akukwazi ukusebenza, futhi uma unamandla kagesi owonakele, kulimaza izinto ezifakwe kukhompyutha, ngoba ingavumela ukungena kwamanje kakhulu, igcwalise amadivayisi futhi iwashise, noma cha ivumela okudingekayo njengamanje ukuthi ukusebenza kwemishini kudlule, kulimaze uhlelo.
Uma ufuna ukwazi ngokuxhumeka kwedivayisi nekhompyutha ukudlulisa imininingwane ehambisanayo, uyamenywa ukuthi ufunde i-athikili ku Amachweba wokuxhumana
Izinhlobo
Emakethe azikho izixhumi ezahlukahlukene zokuphakelwa kwamandla, kepha, njengoba le ngxenye inamagciwane kumakhompyutha, angatholakala ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene nangamakhono ahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke kulula ukwazi ukusebenzisa ingxenye efanelekile ikhompyutha.
Ngokwalokho okuchazwe ephuzwini elidlule, kungenzeka ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuba namandla kagesi kepha nezixhumi okufanele zisetshenziselwe ukufaka okwamanje okudingekayo emshinini. Kungakho-ke okulandelayo ezinye izinhlobo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kumakhompyutha anezici zawo eziyinhloko:
I-ATX engu-24-pin
Phakathi kwezixhumi zamandla kagesi kuvame ukuba ne-24-pin ATX, enesibopho sokudlulisela okukhona manje kubhodi yomama, lapho iqhubeka khona nokusatshalaliswa kukagesi kuyo yonke imishini ukuze ingxenye ngayinye ibe nokwanele ukusebenza ngokufanele.
Inesixhumi esikhulu esinezikhonkwane ezingama-20, futhi inesixhumi sesibili esinezikhonkwane ezi-4, ukuze sisetshenziswe ezintweni ezidinga amandla athe xaxa. Ziyasuswa futhi ibonakala ngokuxhunywa kuphela maqondana nebhodi lomama.
I-EPS 12V
Kuyisixhumi ukuze kudluliswe i-current ngqo ku-processor ngqo, ilawula i-voltage iye ku-12 V kusuka emthonjeni ukunika amandla i-SoC efaka ihluzo ezihlanganisiwe, kanye nabalawuli, phakathi kwabanye. Ngokuvamile, i-4-pin eyodwa ingatholakala emakethe ngoba kuyindlela eyisisekelo yokunikezwa kwamandla.
Uma ufuna ukwenza ikhebuli yakho evumela ukuxhumeka kwengxenye ethile kwikhompyutha, uyamenywa ukuthi ufunde le ndaba Yakha ikhebula lenethiwekhi
Inezixhumi ezimbili ezizimele ezisemthonjeni obalulekile ekunikezelweni kwamandla we-processor. Ifana kakhulu nezixhumi ze-PCI-E ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwayo, kepha umehluko usekelwe ekutheni ukunikezwa kwamandla nge-EPS kungokwesokhethi le-CPU kuyilapho i-PCI-E ingeye-GPU.
PCIe
Kuyaziwa njengesinye sezixhumi zamandla kagesi lapho kudingeka okuphakelayo kakhulu kwimishini, imvamisa la mandla adlula ama-75 W ngenxa yamakhadi wehluzo angeziwe afakwe kukhompyutha. Ukuze i-motherboard isebenze ngawo wonke amadivayisi afakiwe.
Inokumiswa kwesici okuqukethe izikhonkwane eziyi-6 + 2 ezinikeza ithuba lokusetshenziswa kumakhadi adinga izikhonkwane eziyisithupha kuphela nalabo abacela izikhonkwane eziyi-6. Ubuhle balesi sixhumi ngamachweba angeziwe abawanikela ukufaka amanye amadivayisi, okunikeza ithuba lokukhulisa izinto ezisemishini.
Enye inzuzo ehlinzekwayo ukuthi ingathengwa ngentengo ephansi emakethe, okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukuthi babe nalezi zinhlobo zezixhumi ezivela kugesi. Iphinde iqinisekise ukuhambisana kwayo namakhadi wehluzo asekhompyutheni.
I-4-pin molex
Ngokuvamile lesi sixhumi sisetshenziselwa ukunika amandla ezinye izinto kukhompyutha ngoba lesi sixhumi sisetshenziselwa imisebenzi yesibili kuphela, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe siyehlisiwe ngezinye izixhumi, kepha sifeza umsebenzi wokunikeza amandla.
Ekuqaleni yayihloselwe ukunika amandla amadrayivu efloppy, kepha njengoba lokhu kungasasetshenziswa namuhla, isixhumi sisetshenziselwa ukunikeza amandla e-DC kubhodi yomama, kumakhadi emidwebo, nasemabhasini. Kuthathwa njengokunqanyuliwe futhi kungasetshenziswa uma kwenzeka kudingeka isixhumi samandla aphansi.
