El Uhlelo lokusebenza kwenethiwekhi, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Network Operating System, i-NOS noma i-SOR, nezinye izindlela kepha zonke zibhekisela kumqondo ofanayo, esizowuthuthukisa kukho konke lokhu okuthunyelwe.
Yini i-Network Operating System (NOS) futhi yini ukusetshenziswa kwayo?
El uhlelo lokusebenza kwenethiwekhi Kuyisoftware umsebenzi wayo ongekho omunye ngaphandle kokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yamakhompiyutha, njengezinhlelo zokusebenza esizaziyo nezizisebenzisayo kumakhompyutha ethu kodwa, njengoba igama likhombisa, lenethiwekhi.
Ngalesi sizathu, isivumela ukuthi sikwazi ukufinyelela futhi sisebenzise izinsizakusebenza ezahlukahlukene nezinzuzo ezingaphathwa kunethiwekhi, ngokwesibonelo zonke izingxenye zesoftware kanye nehadiwe (izinto zekhompyutha noma zangaphandle kuyo), idatha evela abasebenzisi, eminye imininingwane kanye nokuphepha kwemininingwane.
Sengiphetha, singasho ukuthi umsebenzi wawo ukuvumela amakhompyutha amabili noma ngaphezulu ukuthi axhumeke, kungaba ngokomzimba noma ngaphandle kwentambo, ukuze sabelane ngemininingwane.
Izinzuzo zohlelo lokusebenza kwenethiwekhi
Ngezansi sizokhomba ngayinye yezici ezabiwe yizo zonke lezi zinhlelo futhi zona ezibhekwa njengezinzuzo zokusetshenziswa kwazo:
- Bavumela ukuxhuma zonke izinsiza ezakha inethiwekhi. Akunandaba noma ngabe avela ezintweni zamakhompyutha noma izinto ezingaphandle kwabo, njengamadivayisi eselula nokunye, inqobo nje uma zisebenza njengamaseva.
- Zingabiwa futhi, lokhu ukuvumela ukufinyelela kukhompyutha ngayinye njengoba kuvunyelwe. Ngalesi sizathu, unekhompyutha eyinhloko.
- Ungaphatha inani labasebenzisi nokufinyelela okuzotholwa yilowo nalowo wabo.
- Unokulawula okuphelele kwedatha nolwazi olufinyelelwe ngumsebenzisi ngamunye, kanye nokuhambisana nezinqubomgomo zokuphepha.
- Umsebenzi kunethiwekhi ungabhekwa.
- Inethiwekhi iphethwe.
- Imisebenzi yenethiwekhi ingahle ihlanganiswe, lokhu kufaka phakathi lezo eziqondiswe kudivayisi ngayinye.
Yize kungadingeki ngokuqinile, isikhombimsebenzisi sibuye sisetshenziselwe ukwenza lula ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza zabasebenzisi.
Izinhlobo zezinhlelo zenethiwekhi
Siyazi ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-NOS ngokususelwa ekuhlanganisweni kwazo kwe-SOC:
- Enye yazo yileso esihlanganiswe ne-OS ikhompyutha ngayinye enayo. Ngakho-ke, ikhompyutha ngayinye ibizoba neyayo, ngenxa yokuthi ibinohlelo lokusebenza. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zama-SOs njengamanje asevele ehlanganisa awabo ama-NO. Ezinye zazo ze-Apple neMicrosoft kuwo womabili ama-desktops, ama-laptops namaseva afana ne-Windows, Ucingo, i-iOS, i-Android futhi ngokuyisisekelo noma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux.
- Owesibili kuzoba yi-SOR efakekayo, okungeyona nje into eyisoftware esizoyifaka kuklayenti, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho kudingeka ukuxhumana ukuze kwenzeke phakathi kwamakhompyutha enethiwekhi, bese kunika amandla nemisebenzi yenethiwekhi.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi singenza ukuhlukaniswa kwezinye izinhlobo ze-NOS ngokususelwa ekuxhumaneni phakathi kwezinhlangothi zombili:
- Sebenzisa kuma-routers: Afakwe kuma-firewalls we-hardware kanye nama-routers.
- I-Peer-to-peer: Abasebenzisi bakho babelana ngamafayela nezinsizakusebenza. Udinga iseva futhi izidingo zehadiwe ziyisisekelo.
- I-Client-server: Yisakhiwo esivumela ukuthi sigxilise imisebenzi nezinhlelo zokusebenza kuseva eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ezinikele, sikwazi ngaleso sikhathi, amaklayenti amaningana, ukufinyelela izinsiza ezahlukahlukene. Amaseva azinzile kakhulu, ahlinzeka ngezinga lezokuphepha futhi angafinyelela kude amanye amakhompyutha
Izingxenye zesistimu yokusebenza yenethiwekhi Yiziphi izici zayo eziyinhloko?
Imvelo yezinhlelo zokusebenza zenethiwekhi inezici ezilandelayo:
- Amaseva: Yilawo makhompyutha ane-NOS. Banemithombo ehlukene, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kohlelo lokusebenza kwenethiwekhi, okwabelwana ngayo namakhasimende namanye amaseva.
- Amaklayenti: Kulesi simo, amaklayenti angama-computer ane-OS enomsebenzisi oyedwa futhi axhumana namaseva, aqinisekiswe ngaphambilini, futhi kwesinye isikhathi axhuma phakathi kwawo, kepha lokhu kuzoya ngokwakhiwa okusetshenzisiwe. Amaklayenti angasebenzisa izinsiza ezinikeziwe.
- Izizinda: Isizinda asilutho olunye ngaphandle kokuphathwa kweqembu lamakhompyutha, lapho unekhono lokuzilawula maphakathi, okungukuthi, kusuka endaweni eyodwa. Kuyenziwa futhi ngezinsizakalo zayo nangezinsizakusebenza zayo.
Ngabe uhlelo lwenethiwekhi luhluke kanjani kunesistimu yokusebenza?
Noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza luyindawo yokuphatha yezinto zesoftware ezifakiwe kukhompyutha noma kudivayisi.
Lokho kusho ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luvamile, ngenkathi uhlelo lwenethiwekhi luzoba uhlelo olukhethekile lokusebenza, ekusetshenzisweni kwamanethiwekhi wokuxhumana phakathi kwamakhompyutha, kungaba njalo.
Uhlelo olusebenzayo lwekhompyutha yethu lunegama langempela oluyiCentralised Operating System, futhi libuye lube olunye uhlelo olusebenzisanayo, kulokhu, ekuphathweni kwezinsizakusebenza zamakhompyutha ngamanye, asebenza ngemodi enelungelo.
Amanye ama-NOS asetshenziswe kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwemishini yenethiwekhi
Ukuze uthole umbono oqonde ngokwengeziwe wokuthi yini esemakethe, kufanele sibheke ama-SOR asetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla
- I-LANtastic Artistoft: Iyontanga, isebenza ku-Windows, DOS naku-OS / 2, ukumiswa kwayo kulula kakhulu kanye nokugcinwa kwayo, njengenye yezindlela ezingcono kakhulu kulabo abangakabi ochwepheshe.
- Imenenja ye-LAN, iMicrosoft: Kunconywa kakhulu amakhompyutha amakhulu.
- I-Microsoft Windows Server.
- I-Linux yamaseva.
- I-Novell's Netware
Ekuphetheni, a Uhlelo Lokusebenza Kwenethiwekhi Kuyisoftware exhuma amadivayisi amaningi akha inethiwekhi yekhompyutha, engaphathwa kusuka kwikhompyutha enkulu futhi evumela nokuphatha imininingwane efinyelelwe ngumsebenzisi ngamunye oyingxenye yayo.
Uma ngabe le ndatshana ibikuthakazelisa, vakashela: Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Freedos