Funda kuso sonke lesi sihloko izinyathelo ezahlukahlukene zefayela le- ukunakekelwa kokuvikela ikhompyutha futhi ugweme izinkinga ezizayo. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe uzofunda konke ngalezi zeluleko ezibalulekile zokugcinwa kwekhompyutha okuyisisekelo, ngakho-ke silandele ukuthola eminye imininingwane.
Izinyathelo zokugcinwa kwekhompyutha okuyisisekelo
Into yokuqala okufanele siyichaze ukuthi njengoba isikhathi sihamba, kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuthi i-PC yehlise ijubane iqale ukungasebenzi kahle. Iqiniso ukuthi sizolinaka futhi silidlulisele kochwepheshe ngaphambi kwalo "alisebenzi". Kungani i-PC yehluleka? Kungenzeka yini ukuvimbela uchwepheshe ekulungiseni i-PC? Kepha kuyadingeka ngempela ukweqisa, kungani ungavimbi ukuchitha imali eningi ecasulayo noma engathandeki kubasebenzisi.
Manje, njengoba igama liphakamisa, ukunakekelwa "kokuvimbela" kuyisethi yemisebenzi eyenziwa kukhompyutha ngenhloso "yokuvimbela" ikhompyutha ukuthi ingasebenzi futhi inwebise impilo yemishini.
Kuya ngezici ezahlukahlukene:
Inani lamahora wokusebenza ngosuku, uhlobo lomsebenzi (izinhlelo) zokwenza, imvelo yemisebenzi yokufaka (uma kukhona uthuli, ukushisa, phakathi kwabanye.), Izimo ezijwayelekile (uma ziyimishini emisha noma imishini esetshenziswa kaningi) futhi lokho okutholwe ngesikhathi sesondlo sokugcina.
Ngaphambi kokwenza isondlo sokuvikela kufanele sibe nezincomo zokuphepha:
- Ungafaki izindandatho noma ubucwebe.
- Sebenzisa isibambo se-antistatic.
- Sebenzisa amathuluzi afanele futhi uhleleke.
- Gcina indawo yokusebenza ihlanzekile.
- Hlela izingxenye ezikhishiwe.
Imishini esetshenziselwa ukunakekelwa
Esiqeshini esilandelayo sizokhuluma ngamathuluzi athile asetshenziselwa ukwenza ifayela le- ukunakekelwa kokuvikela ikhompyutha:
- Isikrini sokushayela:
Ziwusizo ekuvuleni ikhabethe noma ekususeni noma iyiphi ingxenye yangaphakathi, okungcono, kufanele zibe zincane futhi ziphakathi ngosayizi futhi, uma kungenzeka, zibe nendawo eyisicaba nesinye isiphambano.
- I-tip forceps:
Kungcono ukusebenzisa iziqeshana zepulasitiki, zisetshenziselwa ukunqamula izingxenye zangaphakathi ze-PC.
- Iziqukathi ezincane:
Lokhu kuyadingeka ukubeka izingxenye ezincane ezizosuswa ngesikhathi sokuqaqa. Lezi zivame ukuba yizikulufo, kepha kubalulekile ukuzihlukanisa futhi uma kungenzeka ungamaka amagama ezindawo ezihambelanayo esitsheni, ukuze singachithi isikhathi ukuthola ukuthi iziphi izikulufo ezikulendawo ngesikhathi somhlangano.
- Incwajana nepensela:
Uma singeyena ochwepheshe noma singenayo inkumbulo eyanele, kunconywa ukuthi wenze umdwebo wokuhlelwa kokuhlelwa kwezinto ngaphambi kokuqaqa noma iyiphi imishini noma ikhabethe, ukuze konke kuhlale kufana ngesikhathi somhlangano, ngoba ukuzihambisa kungavimbela ukusebenza kwe imishini.
- Ibhande le-antistatic:
Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela ukushaqeka kukagesi emzimbeni kuya kwikhompyutha, ngoba lokhu kungalimaza noma iyiphi ingxenye yekhompyutha.
- Ifayela elincane:
Kwesinye isikhathi, njengoba isikhathi sihamba, amanye amakhompyutha azokhiqiza amaphutha athile, ngakho-ke adinga ukufakwa kungobo yomlando ukuze asebenze kangcono.
- Ibhulashi le-3 cm:
Isetshenziselwa ukususa uthuli ezintweni ezithile.
- Isisuli:
Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuhlanza ikhadi, kubalulekile ukulibushelela ukuze ungalimazi ikhadi.
- Ama-Swabs:
Zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza izinto ezizwelayo kakhulu njengokushayela kokugcina.
- Izindwangu Zokotini:
Zisetshenziselwa ukususa uthuli noma ukusebenzisa amakhemikhali okuhlanza.
- I-Blower:
Lesi yisiphephetha esisetshenziselwa ukususa uthuli ezintweni ze-PC ngaphandle kokubalimaza noma ungasebenzisa umshini wokuhlanza omncane.
- Izikhwama ze-antistatic:
Kuyasiza kakhulu ukuba ne-vacuum cleaner encane, ngoba ngemuva kokuhlanza idivaysi ngayinye, ingaqoqa kalula uthuli nokususa okukukhiphayo ukuthi kungabuyeli kwikhompyutha noma endaweni yokusebenza yedivayisi.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukunakekelwa kokuvikela
- Hlola i-hard drive nge-SCANDISK.
- Uma une-multimedia efakiwe, ungasebenzisa i-CD yomculo ukuhlola, enganquma ukuthi izipikha nedrayivu kuvamile yini.
- Hlola yonke imingcele efakiwe. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuqaqa idivaysi, kungcono ukuthatha isikhashana ukunquma ukusebenza okulungile kwekhompyutha kanye nemingcele yayo.
- Lapho uqaqa uhlelo, kufanele uphathe izikulufu zohlelo ngokunakekela. Akuzona zonke izikhundla ezenzelwe ngezikulufo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlukanisa ngokusobala phakathi kwemigqa emincane nenegqinsi.
Inhloso enkulu ye- ukunakekelwa kokuvikela ikhompyutha Akuhlukanisi futhi kuhlanganiswe kabusha, kepha ukuhlanza, ukuthambisa nokulinganisa imishini. Izinto ezinjengothuli ziyingozi ezintweni zikagesi, ikakhulukazi izinto ezihambayo ezinjengezimoto nabalandeli.
Ukuqapha
- Ungayibeki ngqo ikhompyutha phambi komthombo wokushisa noma womoya.
- Ungabeki uhlelo eduze komthombo womswakama ongawa noma ushone. Lokhu kufaka amafasitela avulekile lapho kungavulwa khona amanzi emvula, ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa, kukhulu amathuba okwakhiwa kukagesi omile.
- Ungagcini amafayela wedatha enkombeni efanayo noma kufolda njengohlelo olufakiwe.
- Ungathembeli kusethi eyodwa kuphela yamadiski.
- Kopisha idiski yohlelo lwangempela, wonke amadiski nedatha yokufaka uhlelo.
- Ungayikholelwa inkumbulo yakho. Gcina ilogi eningiliziwe yezilungiselelo zohlelo lwakho ukugcina ithrekhi yazo zonke izinguquko ezenziwe ku-PC yakho (noma ngabe incane kangakanani).
- Ungaxhumi i-PC noma enye yamadivayisi wayo wokuxhuma ngqo kugesi. Esikhundleni salokho, xhuma isistimu koyedwa noma ngaphezulu "wabavikeli bokuqhamuka" noma i-UPS eyodwa noma eziningi.
- Ungalususi uhlelo lokusebenza ngesandla, noma nini lapho kungenzeka khona, sebenzisa insiza yokukhipha eza neWindows noma usebenzise isikhiphi esiza nohlelo ofuna ukusisusa.
Kungani i-pc yehluleka?
Esigabeni esilandelayo ngizokutshela ukuthi ungayinikeza kanjani ukunakekelwa kokuvikela ikhompyutha ilungele i-pc, ngezinyathelo eziyisisekelo eziyi-7:
Ukuhlanzwa kwangaphakathi kwe-PC:
Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, ikhebula lokufaka kufanele lihlukaniswe nomthombo wekhompyutha, wonke amadivayisi axhunywe kukhompyutha kufanele acishwe, ikhebula ledivayisi eliseceleni nalo kufanele lihlukaniswe, futhi kufanele sisuse ikhava eseceleni ukubona izingxenye. .
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-antistatic strap strap ukulungisa noma ukwenza isondlo sokuvikela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nayo.
Sebenzisa umoya ocindezelweyo ukushaya umoya kuzo zonke izindawo ezibonwayo; Ukunikezwa kwamandla ekhompyutha yikhona okunothuli kakhulu, ngakho-ke umoya ocindezelweyo kufanele ugxilwe emiphefumulweni esekunikezelweni kwamandla.
Hlola izixhumi zangaphakathi (amaphoyinti wokuxhuma ikhebula) we-PC ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi azikhululekile. Izinyathelo ezifanayo ziyasebenza kumabhodi we-RAM nakumamojula wememori; Ukuxhumana okungalungile kungadala ukuthi i-PC ishaye iphinde iqale kabusha.
Bheka izixhumi zangaphakathi ze-PC:
Qinisekisa ukuthi ziqinile futhi azikhululekile. Futhi hlola ukuthi ikhadi lokunweba nemodyuli yememori zixhunywe kahle.
Ukuhlanza i-PC monitor:
Kunconywa ukuvula i-PC monitor kuphela lapho idinga ukulungiswa, ngoba ngemuva kokucima ikhompyutha, igcina amandla amaningi, okungaba yingozi. Uma lokhu kungenjalo, vele ushaye umoya ngemipheme bese uhlanza isikrini nesihlungi, isihlungi senetha sanele, sicela usule isikrini ngendwangu eyomile, engenalutho.
Iya egundaneni nakwikhibhodi:
Ngaphansi kwegundane elilodwa noma ngaphezulu, kunesivalo esingavulwa, vele usiphendulele esiqondisweni esiboniswe kusivalo esifanayo, sebenzisa indwangu ye-muslin engenalutho kanye ne-shaft ukuhlanza ibhola langaphakathi nokugwema noma yiluphi uhlobo izinhlayiya ezinamathele kuso.
Uma kuyigundane elibonakalayo, njalo gcina iphedi elihlanzekile (noma sebenzisa ukuma kwephedi - lokhu kusebenza kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwegundane) futhi uvikele izinhlayiya ezivimbela ilensi.
Ngekhibhodi, uyibeke ubheke phansi bese ufaka umoya phakathi kwezikhiye zayo ukususa uthuli nezinto zangaphandle, asikho isidingo sokukhipha okhiye, futhi zingahlanzwa ngokudlulisa iphepha elincanyana elifakwe insipho ewuketshezi phakathi kwabo.
ICd-Rom, i-dvd, i-Cd, iRam:
Njengoba bonke benemishini ye-laser, akunconywa ukuyivula uma ungaqeqeshiwe. Kunamadiski aklanywe ngokukhethekile okuhlanza amalensi anjalo.
Ubuso bangaphandle be-PC nezinto zayo:
Kulomsebenzi kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise izicubu ezincane ezinamanzi ngensipho noma into ekhethekile engenabo utshwala noma ngenxa yomphumela wayo ongahle usebenze, bese usebenzisa amathuluzi wokunakekela.
Isoftware yokusetshenziswa:
Izinto zokusebenza noma izinto zesoftware ze ukugcinwa kokuvikela ikhompyutha yizinhlelo ezisetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa imisebenzi ye-PC, ezibandakanya izidingo zomsebenzisi kuyo yonke imikhakha, njengokuvikelwa kolwazi, ukuhlelwa nokwenza kahle imishini yekhompyutha.
Senza isondlo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze isoftware ingathinteki. Lokhu kuvumela i-pc ukuthi ithuthukiswe ukuze ithuthukise ukusebenza kwekhompyutha, futhi ngesikhathi sokugcina idatha, ukuthi ubuqotho bayo abuthinteki, ibuye yenze ijubane, ilungise ukwehluleka esimweni sayo sokuqala ukunweba nokuyinika impilo yenkonzo .
Izinyathelo zokwenza isoftware efanelekile yilezi:
Izinyathelo ezizothathwa ukugcina isoftware zimi ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Ukubuyekezwa kwe-SETUP:
Amasethingi we-SETUP alungile angenza ukuthi idivayisi iqale ngokushesha, ngokwesibonelo, ngokusetha kahle ijubane lewashi leprosesa nokuphindaphinda, isivinini sememori, imemori yevidiyo ezinikele, nokushayela okuzenzakalelayo. Futhi, amaphutha athile kusixhumi angatholakala.
Ukwehlukaniswa kwe-Hard drive:
Inqubo yokuhlela ngokulandelana amafayela kudiski ukwenza isikhala sediski kanzima nokufinyelela amafayela ngokushesha.
Ukususwa kwefayela le-TMP (okwesikhashana):
Kubandakanya ukususwa kwamafayela akhiqizwe yizinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakiwe ezingasasetshenziswanga ukukhulula isikhala sediski elikhuni: amafayela wesikhashana, izinqolobane ze-Intanethi, namafayela wohlelo angadingekile angasuswa ngokuphepha.
Ukuqalisa i-Antivirus:
Isistimu kumele iskenwe ukuze kutholwe amagciwane nezinhlelo ezingadala ukungazinzi kwesistimu noma ukusebenza kabi kwekhompyutha, yize lokhu kungaqinisekisi ukuthi zikhona (ngoba isoftware yegciwane isiphelelwe yisikhathi noma ayikwazi ukutholwa), ngoba ayikho imali engu-100% ye-antivirus.
Ukukhipha umgqomo wokuphinda usebenzise:
Wonke amafayela asusiwe ku-PC azoya kulo mkhombandlela ukuze afinyeleleke uma kwenzeka esuswa ngephutha, kepha asathatha isikhala sediski enkulu. Ngalesi sizathu, kunconywa ukuthi uwasuse unomphela okungenani kanye ngesikhashana ukugcina amafayela ahlanzekile futhi ugweme ukuqongelela amafayela angasetshenziswanga.
scandisk:
Isoftware eyenziwe yiSymantec ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bendawo ebonakalayo yedrayivu eqinile nohlelo lwefayela olugcinwe kuyo.
Isipele:
IWindows inamathuluzi (ama-backups) ongakhetha kuwo ukuthi yimaphi amafayela nezinkomba okwenziwe isipele nokuthi iyiphi idrayivu yokukopisha amafayela wokusekelayo. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kungenziwa ngesandla noma ngamanye amathuluzi afana ne: Acronis, Cobian Backup noma i-Nero BackItUp.
Eminye imisebenzi yesondlo
- Emkhakheni wokusebenza, ukulungiswa kabusha kwekhompyutha nohlelo olukhulu olusebenzisayo.
- Hlola izinsiza zohlelo, imemori, iprosesa, ne-hard drive.
- Lungiselela ijubane lokusebenza kwekhompyutha.
- Susa amagciwane ekhompyutha.
- Susa amafasitela esikhashana kanye ne-Intanethi.
- Susa noma ukhansele amafayela asephelelwe yisikhathi noma amafayela aqale ngohlelo, alayishwa kukhompyutha ngaphandle kwenhloso.
- Umbiko ophelele wesondlo owenziwe kudivayisi ngayinye.
- Uhlu lwezinto ze-CPU nemishini yokuxhuma.
- Umphumela wokubuka imvelo yokusebenza ungathuthukiswa.
- Fometha uphinde ufake uhlelo lokusebenza nezinhlelo zalo ezihambisanayo zesoftware nezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha (uma kunesidingo).
- Amasethingi we-Windows Internet kanye nenethiwekhi.
Isimo kanye namagugu lapho kwenziwa isondlo
- Iqembu lokwamukela abathembekile.
- Imiyalo yokuthola izici ezethulwe ngaphandle kwedivayisi.
- Ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuphepha.
- Hlela okuhlelekile emsebenzini wakho.
- Phatha amathuluzi ngokunakekela.
- Qaphela lapho ususa izingxenye ku-pc.
- Hlanza ingaphandle nengaphakathi le-CPU ngokucophelela.
- Ukuxazulula izinkinga kahle.
- Thembeka lapho uhlangana.
- Ubhekele ukulethwa ngesikhathi esimweni esihle.
Izinyathelo zohlelo lwesondlo
- Imishini efakwe ohlelweni ukunakekelwa kokuvikela ikhompyutha kufanele kube kuhlu lwezinto zokusebenza.
- Itafula elijwayelekile (imvamisa yesondlo sokuvimbela) liyadingeka.
- Leli thebula lizotshela uhlelo ukuthi kukhiqizwa kangaki ama-oda womsebenzi noma imidwebo ye-PM, nokuthi kukhiwa kangaki eminye imingcele yeshejuli.
- Udinga ukuhlela nokuhlela ama-oda akho omsebenzi kusuka ukugcinwa kokuvikela ikhompyutha opharetha bakho kanye nosonkontileka, futhi uhlelo lwakho luzodinga ukuthengiselana namakhodi womsebenzi.
Umsindo We-Motherboard
Lokhu ukuhlanganiswa kwekhodi yephutha "Beep Beep" kusuka ku-Places PC, lapho singaxazulula khona izinkinga eziningi ngaphandle kokuzihlupha futhi ngaphandle kwekhadi le-POST.
Amakhodi ejwayelekile:
Awukho umsindo: Awekho amandla.
I-beep eqhubekayo: ukusika amandla.
Ama-beeps aqhubekayo - I-motherboard ilimele.
Ama-beeps amade aqhubekayo - Imemori ayilungile noma i-CMOS ayilungile.
I-Long beep: Imemori enganele noma elahlekile.
1 ubude no-1 omfushane - I-motherboard noma i-ROM eyisisekelo ayilungile.
1 ubude no-2 omfushane - Ikhadi levidiyo linephutha noma alikho nhlobo.
1 ubude no-3 omfushane: ukwehluleka kwekhadi le-EGA.
2 omude no-1 omfushane: ukuvumelanisa isithombe kwehlulekile.
Kukhipha ama-beeps amabili amafushane: iphutha le-RAM parity.
Ama-beeps amathathu amafushane: I-64 KB yokuqala ye-RAM yehlulekile.
Kukhishwa ama-beeps amane amafushane - i-Timer noma i-counter disfunction.
5 okufishane: iprosesa noma ikhadi levidiyo lihlulekile ukuhlolwa (kungadala izinkinga).
I-6 emfushane: ukwehluleka kwesilawuli sekhibhodi. Leli phutha livame kakhulu lapho ikhibhodi isuswa kuvulwa ikhompyutha.
Ithiphu 7
Okufushane okungu-8: ukwehluleka kokubhala kwe-RAM RAM.
9 emfushane: iphutha le-ROM BIOS checksum.
Ama-beeps amafushane ayi-10: iphutha le-CMOS. Ikhodi ye-IBM.
Imisindo emibili emifushane: imininingwane yephutha iboniswa esikrinini.
I-beep eqhubekayo: Iyafana nekhodi ejwayelekile: ukunqamuka kukagesi.
Ama-beeps amathathu amade: ukwehluleka kwekhibhodi.
Ikhodi ye-BIOS AMI
Okufushane 1: Iphutha lokubuyekeza i-DRAM.
Okufushane okungu-2: iphutha lobunye.
3 mfushane: i-64 KB yokuqala ye-RAM ayilungile.
Okufushane okungu-4: iphutha lewashi.
5 mfushane: iphutha leprosesa.
6 okufushane: iphutha lekhibhodi; kufana nekhodi ejwayelekile.
Okufushane okungu-8: iphutha lememori yehluzo.
Ikhodi yomvuzo we-BIOS
Ithoni eyi-1 emfushane ne-1 ithoni ende: iphutha levidiyo.
1 elifushane nelingu-3 ubude: iphutha lekhibhodi.
Ikhodi ye-Phoenix BIOS
Iskripthi siyikhefu! 1-1-2:
Ukuqinisekiswa kweprosesa kwehlulekile 1-1-2: ukuqonda.
I-motherboard ayinaphutha.
1-1-3: Iphutha lokufinyelela le-CMOS.
1-1-3: ukuqonda.
I-CMOS inwebu yememori enwetshiwe.
1-1-4: Iphutha le-BIOS checksum uqobo.
1-2-1: Iphutha ku-PIT (i-timer interval ehlelwe).
1-2-2: ukwehluleka kwesilawuli se-DMA.
1-2-3: Ayikwazi ukufinyelela ku-DMA.
1-3-1: RAM update error.
1-3-2: Ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa i-64 KB yokuqala ye-RAM.
Mfundi othandekayo, uma ufuna ukuqhubeka nokufunda ngama-athikili ethu, funda: Izinhlelo zokulawula.
