Funda kuso sonke lesi sihloko Yini i- ulimi oluphakeme ezinhlelweni? Futhi ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wekhompyutha.
Ulimi olusezingeni eliphakeme
Yilona limi olusondele kakhulu olimini lwemvelo lomuntu, hhayi ulimi olusondele kakhulu olimini lwe-computer. I- izilimi ezisezingeni eliphakeme ngakho-ke, bavumela abahleli bohlelo ukuthi babhale imiyalo yohlelo besebenzisa amagama noma izinkulumo zohlelo lolimi ezifana kakhulu nesiNgisi.
Isibonelo, ngolimi lwe-C, ungasebenzisa amagama afana nezinhlamvu ezinkulu, uma, okwesikhashana. Dala izitatimende ezilandelayo nazo: Uma (inombolo> 0) printf ("inombolo ivuma").
Kuhunyushelwe olimini lwesiSpanish kusho ukuthi: uma inombolo ingaphezu kuka-zero, bhala umyalezo olandelayo esibukweni: «Inombolo iyakhanya». I- izilimi ezisezingeni eliphakeme zikhonjiswa ngokuveza ama-algorithm ngendlela evumelana nokuqonda komuntu kunokusebenzisa umshini, yingakho lezi zilimi zibhekwa izilimi ezisezingeni eliphakeme ngoba bangasebenzisa amagama abahlelo abangawaqonda kalula.
abanye izilimi ezisezingeni eliphakeme yilezi: Ada, BASIC, COBOL, FORTRAN, Pascal
Esinye isici esibalulekile salezi izilimi ezisezingeni eliphakeme ngukuthi emiyalweni eminingi, kudingeka izinyathelo eziningana ukuveza into efanayo ngolimi lomhlangano. Njengezilimi eziningi, ibuye ihlanganise izinyathelo ezimbalwa ngolimi lomshini.
Izici zolimi ezisezingeni eliphakeme
Ulimi lwalolu hlobo lubhekisa ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu lokukhishwa kolimi lomshini, izilimi azisebenzisi amarejista, amakheli ezinkumbulo nezitaki zezingcingo, kepha kunalokho zibhekisa kokuguquguqukayo okuyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhleleka, izinto, izibalo noma izinkulumo zeBoolean, ama-subroutines nemisebenzi , izihibe, imicu, ukuvalwa, neminye imiqondo yekhompyutha. Ngamafuphi, ukugxila ekusebenziseni kalula, hhayi ukusebenza kahle kohlelo.
Izinzuzo
Izinzuzo ezihlobene nolimi olusezingeni eliphakeme zimi kanje:
- Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izilimi, isikhathi sokuqeqesha sohlelo sincane.
- Ukuhlela kususelwa kwimithetho yokwenziwa efana nolimi lomuntu.
- Igama lomyalo, elifana ne- READ, WRITE, PRINT, OPEN, phakathi kwabanye.
- Ukuguqula nokulungisa izinhlelo kulula.
- Nciphisa izindleko zohlelo lokuThutha.
nebubi
Okubi okuhlobene nolimi oluphakeme kunjengokulandelayo:
- Isikhathi sokusetha siyanda ngoba ukuhumusha okuhlukile kohlelo lomthombo kuyadingeka ukuthola uhlelo lokugcina.
- Izinsiza zomshini zangaphakathi azisetshenziswanga futhi zisetshenziswa kahle kulimi lomshini nolimi.
- Unyawo olukhulu lokukhumbula. Isikhathi sokwenziwa kohlelo side.
Umlando wolimi osezingeni eliphakeme
Ngawo-1940, kwazalwa ikhompyutha yokuqala yesimanje kagesi. Isivinini esilinganiselwe kanye namandla wokukhumbula abanikazi bohlelo ukubhala izinhlelo eziguquguqukayo zolimi lomhlangano.
Ekugcineni babona ukuthi izinhlelo zolimi lomhlangano zidinga umsebenzi omningi wobuchopho futhi zinamaphutha kakhulu.
Ngo-1948, uKonrad Zuse washicilela udaba ngolimi lwakhe lokuhlela lwePlankalkül. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuzange kuzuzwe empilweni yakhe, futhi igalelo lakhe alihlangene nakwezinye izinto ezenzekayo.
Ezinye izilimi ezibalulekile ezakhiwe ngalesi sikhathi zifaka:
- I-1943-Plankalkül (i-Respect Conrad), yakhelwe kepha ayisetshenziswanga isigamu sekhulu leminyaka.
- 1943-Uhlelo lokufaka amakhodi lwe-ENIAC luzelwe.
- I-1949-1954-Uchungechunge lwamasethi wemiyalo yokubamba ngekhanda, njenge-ENIAC mnemonic instruction set.
Mfundi othandekayo hlala nathi ufunde ngalokhu: Izinhlelo ze-C ++.
