Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvese nezve Zvimiro zveMicrosoft Windows, mune ino chinyorwa tinokuunzira zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve ino Operating System, nhoroondo yeshanduro dzayo dzese uye zvimwe zvakanakira nekuipira. Kutsanangura chikonzero nei yaive uye ichienderera mberi kuve imwe yeinonyanya kushandiswa pasi rose kwemakore mazhinji.
Chii uye chii chinonzi Characteristics yeMicrosoft Windows?
Windows yakagadzirwa nekambani yeMicrosoft, ndeye-multi-user Operating System, yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa pamakomputa edesktop uye malaptop emabasa akasiyana, kuita chirongwa, inogona kushandiswa kuverenga, kurondedzera, editions, kudzima, zvakare. kugadzira nekuita magwaro akasiyana. Inogona kushandiswa mumabasa akasiyana uye mabasa.
Pakati pe Zvimiro zveMicrosoft Windows Zvinoonekwa kuti inzira inosvikika yekutaurirana, uye hairatidze matambudziko mukubata kwayo nemushandisi chero upi zvake, ane ruzivo kana asina ruzivo rwechinyorwa chekombuta. Zita rayo rinoratidza nzira yarinoita nayo basa rayo, sezvo nzira yainounzwa pachiratidziro iri kuburikidza nemahwindo akasiyana uye, mazviri, ese mabasa nemashandisirwo ayo chirongwa chinokwanisa kuita zvinoitwa.
Pakatanga kushanda software iyi mumakumi mapfumbamwe, yakatanga kudzinga iyo MS-DOS sisitimu yekushandisa, uye masisitimu aya aive Windows 1.X uyezve 2.X. Zvisinei nekuita shanduko, vaida rubatsiro rwako kuti vakwanise kushanda. , kusvika muna 1998 Windows 98 yagadzirwa.
Kubva panguva iyoyo maWindows anoshanda masisitimu anogona kushanda pasina tsigiro yechirongwa ichocho chekare, nekuburitswa uku kwaivewo nekusunungurwa nekambani yeMicrosoft yekambani yakagadzira MS-DOS.
Nhasi kune Windows 10 chirongwa, chinova chazvino chemasisitimu akagadzirwa neMicrosoft, mumakomputa pasi rese ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa, kubva pakusikwa kwayo yagara iri pekutanga, ndiri ini ndinoshandisa mamwe masisitimu anoshanda. izvo zviri padyo zvakanyanya maererano nemukurumbira, senge Apple's Mac OS neLinux.
Microsoft Windows Properties
ari Zvimiro zveMicrosoft Windows, kune akawanda uye anoonekwa kune vese vanobatsirwa nehurongwa hwekushanda. Uye vanoita kuti basa riitwe pasina matambudziko, pakati pavo pane zvinotevera zvivakwa:
- Dhipatimendi Rebasa. Mune sisitimu yekushandisa inogadziridzwa zvachose kumushandisi, yakagadzirwa kuitira kuti ionekwe munzvimbo yese yekombuta, ine mukana wekukwanisa kuisa mukati mayo ese akananga manyorero kune maapplication ari. yakashandiswa zvakanyanya, iyi yekushandisa ndeye Yave kuvandudza nekuvandudza nenzira imwechete iyo Windows inoshanduka, ichichinja magadzirirwo emifananidzo uye mabasa.
- Menyu. Iine akasiyana siyana emabasa chaiwo ayo ainoita mumhando dzakasiyana dzemarekodhi, akadai se:
- Kopa.
- Namatira.
- Cheka.
- Inokubvumirawo kuti uise maitiro avo.
- windows kutanga bhatani. Iyo yakakosha pfuma, yakafanana nemusuwo unovhura kune nyika yeiyi sisitimu yekushandisa, mukati mebhatani ndiyo Start Menu uko mabasa ese anogona kuitwa pamakombuta aripo.
- Kutanga Menyu. Iyi menyu ine basa rekutonga zvirongwa zvakasiyana uye mamwe maapplication ari musystem yekushandisa nenzira yakasarudzika uye yakasimbiswa.
- The Task Bar. Iri bhaa rine basa rakakura muhurongwa uhu, itambo inoratidza akasiyana maapplication ari kushanda panguva iyo mushandisi ari kushanda pakombuta, ine zvakare sarudzo yekuseta akasiyana ma icons emabasa ayo anoshandisa zvakanyanya, uye nokudaro svika kwavari nokukurumidza.
- Windows yeKuitwa kweMabasa, Zvishandiso uye Zvirongwa. Iro basa iro zita rekushandisa system rinozvarwa, kana kushandurwa kweshoko kuchiitwa Windows muchiSpanish zvinoreva window, uye aya ndiwo anowanikwa muWindows dhizaini, inogona kuoneka padesktop, uye mune yega yega sarudzo inoda kushandirwa, ese anoratidzwa nepahwindo umo chete saizi, ruvara, pamwe nzira yekupa. iwe pachako pachiratidziro uye zvechokwadi mune basa rawakapihwa iwe.
- Kudzora Panel. Pakati pezvimiro zveMicrosoft Windows, ichi ndicho chimwe chezvakanakisa, chinobvumira mushandisi akasiyana siyana emabasa, kubva kune akapusa senge kushandura ruvara rwechidzitiro kumashure kuenda kune ekushandiswa kwakapfava uye kwaunofanira kuziva kuti uri. kuita, semuenzaniso, kushandura masisitimu ekushandisa.
- Rubatsiro uye Tsigiro. Seimwe yeanonyanya kushanda masisitimu, ine pasuru iyo inopa rubatsiro kumushandisi, kugadzirisa chero dambudziko rinomuka nekushanda kweiyo system, kana inoshuvira kuwedzera ruzivo pane imwe inoshanda sisitimu nyaya. Iri basa rinopa rubatsiro nerutsigiro kumushandisi kubva munzira yekutanga kuenda kwairi inogona kuwedzerwa murubatsiro, zvichienderana neshanduro yeWindows iri kushandiswa.
- Mifananidzo. Ndiyo graphic chiratidzo mune diki mharidzo yezvirongwa uye zviito zvakaiswa pakombuta, imhando yekuwana iyo inoratidzwa pachiratidziro chikuru chinobvumira kuwana kwakananga kune basa raunoda kushandisa.
- Resource Manager. Basa rayo nderekugadzira zviyero zvezviito kana ruzivo rwakaiswa muhurongwa hwekushanda, zvichisiya nzira yakasununguka kuti ishandiswe nekukurumidza uye nekubudirira, nenzira iyi maitiro akasiyana-siyana anogona kuitwa panguva imwe chete, sekuvhura mahwindo akawanda. imwe neimwe iine mabasa akasiyana, dhawunirodha ruzivo, nezvimwe. Ichi chishandiso chakaitwa neWindows Vista.
Iko Evolution yeWindows Operating Systems
Kubva pakatanga kusikwa kweiyo sisitimu yekushandisa, kambani yeMicrosoft yakaita shanduko dzakakosha kuchirongwa ichi, kuwana maficha matsva, kuvandudza tekinoroji yeWindows, zvese izvi zvigadziriso zvinobva kukambani iyi.
Parizvino shanduro gumi nembiri dzehurongwa dzakaitwa, paine misiyano inoshamisa kubva kune imwe kuenda kune imwe, hongu kuchengetedza zvimwe zvinhu zvinoratidzira sisitimu yekushandisa. Windows yakagadzirwa nekambani yeMicrosoft, mune inotevera wongororo icharatidzwa zvichienderana nekurongeka kwechitarisiko:
Windows 1.X uye Windows 2.X
Aya ndiwo aive ekutanga masisitimu aivepo, akagadzirirwa vhezheni yeWindows, iyo yakatsiva iyo MS-DOS Operating System, chimwe chezvivakwa zvayo ndechekuti yakagadziridzwa mune monochrome, asi inogona kuurayiwa nemavara nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuita.
Windows 3.X
Pano pakatanga shanduko yechirongwa, ichiisa hurongwa hwekutaurirana hunoratidzwa zvachose muruvara, kubva panguva ino Windows software inotanga nekushandiswa kwemabasa ayo iyo main skrini inogona kugadzirwa nekuisa zvidhori padesktop izvo zvakanyanya. kushandiswa.
Windows NT kana New Technology
Iyo sisitimu yekushandisa yaive yakafanana uye mumhando yekukwikwidza nemamwe masisitimu anoshanda akadai seUNIX, yakanakisa panguva iyoyo, nayo modular dhizaini masisitimu eanotevera vhezheni ekushandisa masisitimu akaiswa uye akaiswa. .
Windows 95
Sezvakanyorwa mumusoro wayo, kusikwa kwayo kwakaitika muna 1995, yaive chikamu chekufambira mberi kukuru mukombuta tekinoroji uye masisitimu ekushanda, nekuda kwekushanduka-shanduka kwayaive nako panguva iyoyo, nekuda kwekuti yakaita shanduko ku32 bits, neizvi hunhu uye kudyidzana kwekombuta nemushandisi zvakavandudzwa, zvakatanga muPlug And Play application, chinhu chega chaive chisina kubatana nemidziyo yese.
Windows 98
Kuchengetedza mabasa aive neiyo yapfuura vhezheni, kunyangwe paine humwe kuvandudzwa uye hutsva, pakati pavo ndewekuti kushanda kwePlug And Play kwaive kwatova zana muzana, sezvaucharangarira mushanduro yapfuura haina kushanda zvachose. Inotakura nhamba 98, nekuti yakagadzirwa mugore ra1998.
Windows 2000
Zvichitevera muitiro wekuisa gore rekusika, izvi zvakatanga kubva mugore ra2000, uye ndiyo sisitimu yekushandisa inotsiva Windows NT nemagadzirirwo ayo, neiyi vhezheni itsva iyo 64-bit graphics yakatanga kushanda. Izvo zvinofanirwa kuwedzerwa kuti neiyi Windows hukama neActive Directory system yakatanga zvakare.
Windows Millennium
Inopinda mudiki rondedzero yeWindows yaisanyanya kuzivikanwa, kunyangwe yaive piyona mukupindirana kweWindows masisitimu anoshanda ne USB zvishandiso uye zviteshi, zvakare kuverenga pahukama hwezvambotaurwa Plug And Play zvishandiso, izvo zvakapfuura shanduro dzisina. t run.
Windows XP
Pakati pemaOperating Systems eshanduro dzakapfuura, ndiyo yekutanga yaive nerubatsiro rwekure kugadzirisa chero dambudziko nekombuta uyezve nerumwe rubatsiro, kubva pano kwakazvarwa hukama hwekombuta neBatsira Rubatsiro uye nerubatsiro rwe Kambani yeMicrosoft kuburikidza nemasisitimu epamhepo, sevhisi inopihwa maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pasvondo.
Windows Vista
Neiyi sisitimu yekushandisa, kuvandudzwa kwakaitwa maererano nekumhanya kwe multitasking kunopihwa neWindows uye pakanga painewo budiriro yakatanhamara mune zvine chekuita nekuchengetedzwa kwekombuta, uye kusikwa kweWindows Defender.
Windows 7
Operating System iyo inokwanisa kuderedza hukama hune mushandisi neWindows, zvichiita kuti kuchinjana uku kuitike nenzira inowirirana uye inofadza, inounza bhara rebasa rinovandudzwa mumabasa aro, zvichiita kuti zvibatiso zvimhanye nenzira yakavanzika semamwe maapplication. uye zvirongwa, zvakare ine yakagadziridzwa yekupinda, ine basa rekuti kana zvichidikanwa bhara rebasa rinogona kuvanzwa.
Windows 8
Iyo ine mabasa akafanana neyakapfuura vhezheni yeWindows, inounza maapplication akavandudzwa, maererano nemaonero edhizaini, yachinja kuita mufananidzo unoyevedza uye ine chirongwa umo inogona kushandiswa kudhawunirodha, iyo. imhando yeApp Store, izvi zvakaitwa kekutanga mushanduro iyi.
Windows 10
Ndiyo Operating System yakagadzirwa nekambani yeMicrosoft, iyo inounza akati wandei magadzirirwo mune zvine chekuita nehunhu hwayo kumushandisi senge optical quality, maererano nekuratidzira, zvakare mabasa ezvirongwa ane kusimba kukuru kupfuura yekare. mavhezheni, kunyangwe anga ari pamusika kwenguva, anogara achivandudza chirongwa chavo uye ani nani ari mushandisi weiyi sisitimu yekushandisa anofanira kuziva nezvezvakagadziridzwa.
Zvimwe Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipa zveMicrosoft Windows
Pakati pe Zvimiro zveMicrosoft Windows, pane zvakanakira, pakati pazvo ndezvi:
- infrastructure. Windows inowanikwa uye inogona kunzwisiswa nemushandisi chero upi zvake, hazvidikanwi kuve nezvidzidzo zvakananga zvekugadzirisa hurongwa, kubva kumwana kusvika kumunhu mukuru anogona kushandisa mabasa ayo.
- Rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi. Irwo rubatsiro runoitwa pamhepo, runogona kukumbira rubatsiro chero nguva uye zuva, nekungoita kubatana kuburikidza neiyo imwecheteyo sisitimu yekushandisa, kana zvichidikanwa nekufona kana kutumira mameseji.
- kugarisana. Iyi ibhenefiti yakakura iyo Windows anoshanda masisitimu ane, sezvo achigona kuenderana neakasiyana ezvirongwa, mapakeji ekushandisa, uye umo magwaro akasiyana, mafaera, nezvimwe.
- Multi-chishandiso. Iine sisitimu yekushandisa inogona kushandiswa mumidziyo yakasiyana senge makomputa, malaptop, mahwendefa uye nharembozha dziri dzezvizvarwa zvichangoburwa.
Kana zviri zvakaipira Zvimiro zveMicrosoft Windows, izvo zvingave zvakanyanya kutaridzika ndezvi:
- Mutengo. Iyo Operating System ine mutengo wakakwira, sezvo zvigadziriso zvichigara zvichiitwa, zvinokwanisika kuti iwe unofanirwa kuvandudza kumidziyo yako kuitira kuti usangane nezvinodiwa zvingave nekuvandudzwa, mune dzimwe nguva zvinotodiwa shandura iyo yese midziyo, zvese zvinoenderana nekuti wakaita nguva yakareba sei iyo hardware yakaiswa. Pasinei nekudyara kwese, zvinodikanwa kuve nekombuta uko inoshanda sisitimu inoshanda zvakakwana.
- Mharidzo dzakanyorerwa vashandisi. Sezvo masisitimu anoshanda achidyidzana nemushandisi, anogara achitumira mameseji, ayo anogona kazhinji kuverengerwa seasina basa, ayo asina kufanira kuratidzwa, kusvika pane imwe nguva asingaenderane nemabasa ari kuitwa, uye bvumira basa kuti rifambire mberi.
- The Maintenance. Zvinogona kunge zvichinetsa uye zvechijairira, asi zvinodikanwa kuita zvakaringana kuchengetedza kudzivirira kutadza kweramangwana izvo zvingave zvisingagadzirike, saka kuti utore mukana weiyo inoshanda sisitimu zvakakosha kuita kuchenesa uye kurongazve kubva. nguva nenguva kubva kumativi ose.
- Matambudziko. Muchishandiso chekushanda zvinogoneka kuti zvipingamupinyi zvakasiyana zvinomuka pane imwe nguva panguva yekushandiswa kwayo, zvimwe zvacho zvinogona kugadziriswa nyore nyore uye zvinogona kugadziriswa nemushandisi chero upi zvake, kunyange zvazvo zvichibvira kuti dambudziko racho rakakura zvokuti rinoda rubatsiro rwe nyanzvi mune zvekushandisa masisitimu kuti ikwanise kugadzirisa mishap.
Zvinyorwa zvingakufarira:
Summary of the Zvinodikanwa zvekuroora Civilly muVeracruz Mekisiko
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Gadzira chirongwa cheakaundi uye mamwe maitiro muSupercias