La cache memory inomiririra ruzivo rwunochengetwa kwenguva pfupi pakombuta. Pano isu tichakudzidzisa iwe kubva kune zvinoreva yeyuniti ino inokosha maitiro ekudzima iyo data irimo.
Cache
Chaizvoizvo iyo cache memory Iyo inokurumidza kuwana ndangariro, ine basa guru rekuchengetedza padhuze data iyo inotarisirwa kushandiswa nekukurumidza nepakati pekugadzirisa unit (CPU) kupedzisa epfupi-kwenguva mabasa. Izvi zvinoitwawo kuitira kudzikisa nguva yekumirira kana uchitsvaga ruzivo kubva kune huru memory (RAM: Random Access Memory).
Kune matatu marudzi e cache memory: disk, track uye web cache. Nekudaro, muchinyorwa chino tichazotaura nezvazvo se cache ndangariro yekombuta.
Zviratidzo
Pazasi pane zvakataurwa zvimwe zvezvinhu zvikuru zvinoratidza iyo cache memory:
Iyo inomiririra diki, inokurumidza, uye inodhura kwazvo chikamu cheayo ese mativi ane chekuita neyekuchengetedza hutongi system.
Stores dhata uye mirayiridzo yechirongwa nekumhanya kwazvo.
Inokurumidza kupfuura RAM, asi inononoka kupfuura yepakati yekugadzirisa unit. Naizvozvo, inogadzira mamiriro ehutano, kuvandudza mashandiro ehurongwa uye, nekudaro, iyo yekombuta.
Inoumbwa nematanho maviri, yekutanga yacho inogadzirwa neyekutanga memory data block ine yepamusoro yekuwanika, uye yechipiri nezinga ravo rekubatana.
Operation
La cache memory Inoshanda yakafanana neiyo yepakati yekugadzirisa unit, asi inoita mabasa ayo nekukurumidza, kunyange iri diki.
Sezvatatotaura, iyo cache memory Iyo ine basa rekutsvaga irwo ruzivo rwunodiwa nepakati pekugadzirisa unit, pasina iyo iine kukosha kwekuenda kune RAM ndangariro. Nekudaro, iko kushanda kweiyo cache memory zvinotevera:
Kutanga, iyo yepakati yekugadzirisa unit inogadzirisa iyo mirawo inouya kubva muzvirongwa. Izvi zvinogoneka nekuda kwekushandisa kwemaitiro akaomarara. Ruzivo urwu rwunobva rwatakurwa mu RAM uye kubva ipapo runoendeswa kune processor.
Nekudaro, kuti uwedzere kushanda kwepakati pekugadzirisa unit, ruzivo rwekukosha kukuru uye kushandiswa kwakanyorwa mu cache memory, uye kwete mundangariro huru. Nayo mashandiro ehurongwa anovandudzwa, nekuti hazvidiwe kufamba nzendo refu kuti utore ruzivo runodiwa neCCU.
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti iyo cache memory Iyo iri pakati pe RAM uye iyo CPU, nekudaro ichiita padanho repedyo kune processor mukati meyemusoro hierarchy system.
Panyaya iyi, zvakakosha kutaura kuti, pakutanga, iyo cache memory inoshanda muzvikamu zviviri zvinozivikanwa seDanho 1 uye Chikamu 2. Chekutanga chavo chidiki, asi chinokurumidza kuwana. Nepo wechipiri achizvibata nenzira yakapesana.
Kutsvaga kwekutanga kunoitwa padanho rekutanga, riri padyo neCPU. Kana ruzivo rusipo, iyo cache memory Nhanho 2. Ndeipi ichiri kukurumidza kupfuura kutsvaga RAM.
Nekudaro, nekuda kwekushanduka kwetekinoroji, zvazvino mapurosesa ane rimwezve danho, iro rinozivikanwa se cache memory Chikamu 3. Kune kunyange zvikwata zvine chikamu chechina, asi sezvo zvisiri zvakajairwa, isu hatizopinde zvakadzama nezvazvo.
Nekudaro, kana chirongwa chichiita, ruzivo rwacho runochengetwa mu RAM, kubva ipapo rwunoenda padanho rechitatu cache, ipapo nhanho yechipiri, kudzamara yasvika padanho rekutanga ndangariro.
Zvimwechetezvo, chirongwa ichi pachichiri kushanda, iyo yepakati yekugadzirisa unit inoedza kutsvaga iwo madhairekitori uye dhata mune cache iri padyo nayo, ndiko kuti, padanho rekutanga cache.
Kana kutsvaga kwacho kusingabudirire mune ndangariro nhatu dzakabatanidzwa, processor yacho inoenda kune RAM. Nehurombo, iyo yakakura iyo daro iwe yaunofanirwa kufamba kuti uwane iyo ruzivo, iyo yakareba iyo nguva yekupindura. Izvo zvinopera zvinokanganisa mashandiro ehurongwa.
Mazinga
Hunhu hwerimwe rematanho umo cache yakakamurwa kubva pakuona kwekushanda kwayo yakatsanangurwa pazasi:
L1 cache
Inoreva iyo cache memory nhanho 1, inonzi zvakare yemukati ndangariro. Stores iyo data rinonyanya kushandiswa neiyo yepakati yekugadzirisa unit. Nekuti iri padyo nayo, iyi mhando yekurangarira ndiyo inokurumidza kupfuura zvese, asi zvakare idiki.
Chaizvoizvo, ine zvirevo zvekuita kuti kuitwe, pamwe nemaitiro ekuzviita.
L2 cache
Iyi ndangariro ndeyechipiri muhukuru kusvika cache 1. Zvisinei, izvo zvayinowana muhukuru inorasikirwa nekumhanya. Icho chechipiri ruzivo rwekutsvaga chikamu, kana chisina kubudirira neiyo L1 cache.
Mumakomputa ekutanga, senge nhanho yekutanga ndangariro, yaive yakaiswa pane mamaboardboard. Izvozvi iri mukati meiyo imwechete processor chip.
Chekupedzisira, ine iyo data uye mirairo iyo zvirongwa zvinoda kumhanya nekukurumidza.
L3 cache
Icho chiyeuchidzo chakagovaniswa pakati pemakore ese epakati ekugadzirisa unit. Nekuda kwenzvimbo yaro, iri padanho repasi pane iyo L2 cache zvine chekuita nekuswedera kwayo kune processor uye nekumhanya kwayo, asi panguva imwechete inozoita kuti ive ndangariro ine chinzvimbo chepamusoro, ichiri kukurumidza kupfuura RAM .
Panguva ino inofanirwa kujekeswa kuti zvinokwanisika kuendesa ruzivo pakati pematanho matatu. Nenzira iyi tinogona kutaura nezvemhando mbiri dzekuchinjisa:
Inosanganisirwa: cache yemavambo yeruzivo inochengeta kopi yacho kana ichinge yaendeswa kune imwe nhanho.
Exclusive: ruzivo rwunokumbirwa runobviswa kubva kunzvimbo yepashure kana ichiparadzirwa.
Maitiro ekunyora
Parizvino isu tangotaura nezve yekutsvaga ruzivo maitiro. Zvisinei, iyo cache memory inoita zvakare inoenderana nzira yekunyora. Izvo isu zvaticharondedzera pazasi:
Maitiro aya ari nyore, nekuti pachinzvimbo chekunyora pane RAM ndangariro, zvinoitwa zvakananga pane cache memory. Izvi zvinogoneka nekuda kwekuvapo kwemitemo yekunyora, iri nzira yekuona kusagadzikana pakati pemhando mbiri dzeyeuchidzo, kunyangwe kana uchivandudza kuburikidza nekunyora mashandiro. Iyi inotevera mitemo yekunyora iri munzvimbo:
Nyora - kudzoka: Izvo hazvidi kukwidziridzwa kweye RAM ndangariro, nekuti kana iyo ruzivo ichida kuendeswa kubva kune cache memory kuenda kune yakakosha ndangariro, inozviita zvakananga pasina kurasikirwa nekubatana pakati pese kurangarira.
Nyora - Kuburikidza: Inoda kuramba uchiwana RAM nguva yega yega mutsara wecache wakanyorwa. Sezvo ndangariro ye RAM inogara ichigadziriswa, mashandiro enzira yekunyora anoderera.
Kuchenesa cache
Chimwe chezvinhu chinowanzo kukanganisa mashandiro emakomputa, pamwe nekugadzirisa kumhanya uye kuwana ruzivo, iko kuunganidzwa kwemafaira pakombuta. cache memory. Naizvozvo, zvinokurudzirwa kugara uchizvichenesa, asi pasina kushandisa zvisizvo kuwanda kwavanoitwa nako.
Pane ino pfungwa zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti harisi rese ruzivo rwakachengetwa mu cache memory inogona kudzimwa, semuenzaniso: mapassword, zvinyorwa zvakadhawunirodwa, zvigadziriso uye hurukuro zvinoramba zviripo, apo nhoroondo yemapeji akashanyirwa, pamwe neruzivo rwunowanikwa nemapassword rwakadzimwa.
Tevere ticharatidza maitiro ekubvisa cache:
Chinhu chekutanga chekuita kuenda kumahwindo eWindows Start, uye mubhokisi rekutsvaga riri mubato rebasa, tinotsvaga Disk Kuchenesa.
Chidzitiro chinotevera chinoratidza sarudzo maererano nemafaira anogona kubviswa. Isu tinomaka iro bhokisi rinoenderana neTemporary Internet mafaera.
Ipapo tinodzvanya kwazvinoti OK. Sisitimu yacho inotanga kuongorora uye kudzima mafaera ari mune cache. Kana wapedza, zvinotiratidza meseji yekupedzisa maitiro.
Imwe fomu ye bvisa cache iri kuburikidza nekuita rairo. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudzvanya kiyi yeWindows pamwe ne tsamba R kiyi (Win + R) kuunza iyo Run menyu. Mukati maro, mu Open bar, tinonyora mavara Cmd uye tinya OK.
Muhwindo rinotevera tinoita iyo DNS yekuchenesa rairo, typing: ipconfig / flushdns uye kudzvanya iyo Enter kiyi.
Izvozvi chinhu chasara ndechekumirira maitiro kuti apedze ega, mushure mezvo sisitimu yacho inotangazve iyo iyo shanduko dzakachengetedzwa uye isu takagadzirira kuenderera.
Unogona zvakare kufarira CPU hunhu y mhando dze RAM.