Iwe unowanzo fanirwa kutsvaga ruzivo paInternet? Ramba uchiverenga ichi chinyorwa chinonakidza, nekuti mairi uchawana zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve chikuru injini dzekutsvaga Webhu
Imwe neimwe ine zvakasarudzika hunhu hunovasiyanisa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe.
Hunhu hwewebhu dzekutsvaga injini
Nekuda kweiyo zveruzivo uye tekinoroji zera, zviri kuwedzera zvakajairika kwatiri kutendeukira kuInternet kutsvaga data rine chekuita nechero musoro wenyaya wekufarira kwatiri. Nenzira iyi, chinyorwa ichi chinenge chakakosha kwauri, nekuti pano tichakuratidza kuti ndeapi makuru injini dzekutsvaga Webhu yenguva yacho.
Nekudaro, usati wapinda chinangwa cheichi posvo, chakanangana nehunhu hweinjini dzekutsvaga, zvakafanira kuti titaure nezve zvinorehwa neinjini dzekutsvaga paWebhu. Nekudaro, pazasi isu tichaunza mamwe ekutanga mazano ane chekuita nenyaya.
Chii chinonzi web browser?
Mukutaura kwakawanda, Webhu saiti, inozivikanwa zvakare seSinjini Yekutsvaga, ikombuta system ine basa guru rekutsvaga ruzivo kuburikidza nemaseva akasiyana eWebhu. Kune izvi, inoshandisa kushandiswa kwemazwi akakosha, pamwe nekumisikidzwa kwemisoro zvinoenderana nekufarira, ndezve izvi zvese izvo hunhu hweinjini dzekutsvaga dzakakosha.
Nenzira iyi, mushandisi anongowana runyorwa rwezvingaitika mhedzisiro, mukati medu mune misoro ine chekuita nemazwi akakosha avakapinda. Pamusoro pezvo, semhedzisiro yekuunganidzwa kweruzivo rwakamisikidzwa pawebhu, pamwe nekushanda kwakaomarara kweiyo komputa system, nyanzvi dzakasarudza kuisa enjini dzekutsvaga seinotevera.
Muvhidhiyo inotevera, unogona kuona ruzivo rwekuti injini yekutsvaga yewebhu inoshanda sei uye hunhu hwayo hwekutsvaga.
Kurongwa
Senzira yekurerutsa nekugadzirisa ruzivo rwekutsvagisa ruzivo uye nekupa kuvapo kwemamwe madhairekitori ewebhu akawanda, isu tine chinotevera chikamu cheinjini dzekutsvaga dzewebhu. Panyaya iyi, tinogona kunongedzera kuti inoshanda sepamberi pekusimbisa kuti ndeapi makuru injini dzekutsvaga zvazvino.
Hierarchical search engines
Mukutungamira, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti iyi mhando yekutsvaga injini inoenderana neiyo vector modhi. Nenzira iyi, kutsvaga kweruzivo kunoitika kuburikidza nekushandisa zvinyorwa zvemibvunzo yekubvunzurudza uye dzakasiyana siyana dhatabhesi, yekupedzisira iine ruzivo rwakanangana nemapeji akasiyana eWebhu.
Mune mamwe mazwi, rudzi urwu rweinjini yekutsvaga, inozivikanwa se spider web crawler, inoshanda senge komputa chirongwa. Uye zvakare, inokwanisa kushanyira akawanda uye akasiyana mapeji eInternet kuti gare gare vagadzire kopi yavo.
Nekudaro, aya makopi anozogadziriswa neinjini yekutsvaga, inova nebasa rekuisa indexing kune inokurumidza kuwana system. Panyaya iyi, zvakanyanya, tinogona kutaura kuti nhanho yekutanga ndeyekuona ma hyperlink emapeji eURL anoshanyirwa, wobva waasanganisira mune runyorwa nyowani rwema URL, panguva ino uchitevedzera mamwe ma parameter.
Kune rimwe divi, zvakakosha kuti utaure kuti iyo sisitimu inotanga kubva kune ekutanga ma link, ayo ainoongorora mukutsvaga mamwe anogona kunge aine hukama neakatanga. Nenzira iyi, hierarchical search engines inogadzira zvemukati network neese ma URL anoshanyirwa pamwe neaya ane hukama nazvo.
Saka, kana chinokambaira chapedza nemutsara wekutanga wemapeji ewebhu, maitiro acho anotanga zvakare. Ino nguva, inodarika yechipiri seti ye URLs kusvika yawana matsva anoenderana mapeji; nenzira iyoyo inounganidza ruzivo kudzokorora maitiro zvakare.
Dhairekitori rewebhu
Chaizvoizvo, irwo rudzi rwewebhu browser rinoshanda mukati. Mune mamwe mazwi, madhairekitori eWebhu ndiwo makwara atinogona kuwana, kuburikidza nekushandisa injini dzemukati, huwandu hukuru hwehukama kune mamwe mapeji.
Panyaya iyi, zvakakosha kujekesa kuti madhairekitori ewebhu ane zvakare imwe data, senge mifananidzo. Kune rimwe divi, isu tinofanirwa kuyambira kuti hunhu hukuru hwerudzi urwu rweinjini yekutsvaga ndechekuti ruzivo rwayo rwese rwakakamurwa nezvikamu uye zvidimbu zvidiki.
Pamusoro pezvo, ivo vanowanzo kupa mvumo kune Vakagadzira peji reWebhu kuti vaise iwo senge mareferensi nzvimbo. Nekudaro, vasati vagona kuverengerwa, vanofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekubvuma.
Chekupedzisira, isu tinofanirwa kutaura kuti madhairekitori eWebhu anenge asingashandiswe, achitsiviwa neinjini huru dzekutsvaga. Nekudaro, zvimwe zvinoramba zvichingopfuurira, izvo zvakatsaurirwa kumatunhu akasarudzika uye akasarudzika.
Metasearch engines
Nezve rudzi urwu rwewebhu yekutsvaga injini, tinogona kutaura kuti basa rayo guru ndere kutungamira kutsvaga kune mamwe mainjini ekutsvaga. Nenzira iyi, ivo vanoshandisa akasiyana ruzivo rwekufambisira mberi nzvimbo.
Mune mamwe mazwi, meta dzekutsvaga injini dzinoshandisa dhatabhesi dzedzimwe huru uye dzakakurumbira injini dzekutsvaga. Panyaya iyi, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti mhedzisiro yechiito cherudzi urwu rweinjini yekutsvaga yeWebhu mubatanidzwa wemapeji akanakisa erimwe nerimwe reaya injini dzekutsvaga dzinobatsira.
Muchidimbu, kunyangwe zvingaite kunge zvisina basa, meta yekutsvaga injini yekutsvaga injini yekutsvaga. Pamusoro pezvo, isu tine icho icho chikuru chinobatsira ndechekuti inokwanisa kuwedzera kuwedzera kutsvaga kweruzivo, nekubatanidza matsva enjini dzekutsvaga.
Evolution
Kunyangwe zvingaite senge zvinoshamisira, nhoroondo yeinjini dzekutsvaga paWebhu ndeyazvino kwazvo, sezvo ichingodzokera kumashure kuna1993. Nenzira iyi, isu tine yekutanga injini yekutsvaga yaive neindekisi yakagadzirirwa neRobot, iyo yaakatumidza kuti Wandex.
Panyaya iyi, mushure meWandex, asi mugore rimwe chete, Aliweb akabuda. Zvisinei, pakanga pasati papera gore mushure mokunge injini yekutanga yekutsvaga-yakazara, inonzi WebCrawle, yakaonekwa, iyo yakaratidza muenzaniso munyika yekutsvaga injini.
Yakanga iri ipapo kubva mugore ra1994 apo dzimwe injini dzekutsvaga paWebhu dzakatanga kuoneka, imwe neimwe yadzo yakaedza kuisa mabhenefiti matsva, kuti izviise pachezvayo mukati meiyi nyika nyowani. Nekudaro, isu tinouya kuna 1996, apo yakakurumbira injini yekutsvaga yakaonekwa kusvika parinhasi: Google.
Mukutungamira, iyi yakakosha yekutsvaga injini yakazivikanwa nezita reetekinoroji iyo yaakagadziriswa, ndiko kuti, BackRub. Zvisinei, imwe nguva gare gare yakashandura zita rayo kuva zvatinoziva nhasi; pamusoro pezvo, iyo seti yeanoshanda iyo yaanopa yakavandudza zvakanyanya uye nekuwedzera.
Hunhu hwewebhu dzekutsvaga injini
Tevere, isu tichazopa runyorwa rweakakosha injini dzekutsvaga dzatinoziva. Pamusoro pezvo, isu tinosimbisa kuti ndeapi maitiro einjini dzekutsvaga pawebhu, zvinoenderana zvakanyanya nemhedzisiro yavanopa, pamwe nemaalgorithms avanoshandisa uye nemitemo yekuvanzika yavanomisa.
Kazhinji kutaura, Google ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa injini yekutsvaga pasirese. Panyaya iyi, zvakakosha kujekesa kuti zvinovakirwa zvakanyanya pakutsvaga zvinyorwa; zvisinei, haisi muganho wekushanda kwayo.
Pamusoro pezvo, Google ndiyo imwe yeinjini dzekutsvaga dzakazara uye dzakasiyana-siyana dziripo. Nekudaro, isu tine izvo kuburikidza neGoogle isu tinokwanisa kuwana zvakasiyana siyana zvemukati, zvinosanganisira: zvemitambo uye mamiriro ekunze, nhau, mavhidhiyo, mepu, zvemari maficha nezvimwe.
Nezve nzira iyo Google inopa iyo rondedzero yemhedzisiro, zvakakosha kujekesa kuti inozviita zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwakatangwa-kutanga. Kune rimwe divi, iyi yekutsvaga injini inowanzo gadziridza peji rayo neimwe frequency, izvi kuitira kuti ive inokwezva uye nyore kushandisa.
Pamusoro pezvo, inoratidzira yakasarudzika interface ine chena kumashure, kuburikidza iyo iyo inoratidza akawanda emidziyo iyo iyo inoita kuti iwanikwe kune vashandisi. Uye zvakare, inosanganisira izwi rekutsvaga sarudzo, chinova chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinosiyanisa Webhu browser kubva kune mamwe anowanikwa paInternet.
Panyaya iyi, kazhinji, tinogona kuona kuti inogadziridza sei bhawa rekutsvaga maererano nezvinoitika zviitiko zvakakosha kana mhemberero dzepasi rose. Pamusoro pezvo, vashandisi vanogona kutsvagisa kutsvaga kwavo zvinoenderana nezvavanoda; Uyezve, zvinokwanisika kumisikidza mumwe mutauro kuti zviwanikwe zviwanikwa.
Pane ino yekupedzisira chikamu, zvakakosha kutaura kuti kune vanhu vasingabvumirani nemamwe marongero akagadzwa neiyi yakakosha yekutsvaga injini; zvisinei, ivo havamiriri vazhinji. Nenzira iyi, vamwe vashandisi vanofunga kuti chokwadi chekuti webhusaiti ino inochengeta zvavanotsvaga kwenguva yakareba zvine njodzi mukuchengetedza kwavo.
Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvakawanda nezve mashandiro eiyo Webhu browser, ndinokukoka kuti uverenge chinyorwa chinonzi: ¿¿Chii chinonzi Google Docs? Basa uye Kubatsira Kwakakura
Yahoo! Tsvaga
Yahoo! Tsvaga ndeye zvine mutsindo zvakakurumbira injini yekutsvaga, iyo parizvino iri munzvimbo yechina yeinonyanya kushandiswa pasi rese. Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chinofanirwa kucherechedzwa ndechekuti, mukutanga kwayo, iyi injini yekutsvaga yaive yakavakirwa pane imwe injini yekutsvaga, seBing.
Mune mamwe mazwi, Yahoo! Kutsvaga kwakapa dhairekitori remapeji eWebhu kubva kune mamwe masaiti paInternet. Nekudaro, mushure menguva yekushanda nenzira iyi, varidzi vayo vakasarudza kuwana yavo yekutsvaga injini; nenzira iyoyo, vakatenga Alta Vista.
Nekudaro, chibvumirano pakati peYahoo! Tsvaga neMicrosoft, umo kugamuchirwa kweiyi injini yekutsvaga kunoiswazve. Panyaya iyi, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti, kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, Yahoo! Kutsvaga kwakatanga kukamba pachako.
Nezve mabhenefiti eiyi Webhu browser, tinogona kutaura zvinotevera: Ine huvepo hwepasirese, zvirinani munyika makumi matatu nesere; Uye zvakare, iyo inopa mukana wekutsvaga mumitauro yakawanda. Kune rimwe divi, Yahoo! Kutsvaga kune zvakasiyana zvemukati, pakati pazvo zviri: Shoko, Excel, PDF, Power Point mafaera uye zvinyorwa, pakati pevamwe.
Pamusoro pezvo, senge mamwe enjini dzekutsvaga, Yahoo! Kutsvaga kunopa iwo mukana wekusarudzika kutsvaga kweruzivo, zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nevashandisi. Nenzira iyi, isu tinokwanisa kutsvaga kwepamberi.
Chekupedzisira, chimwe chinhu chakakosha chatinofanira kuratidza yambiro yekuti Yahoo! Kutsvaga kunotitaurira nezvehumwe hutachiona hunotyisidzira makodhi akashata mukati mezvinhu zvinotorwa pasi. Kune rimwe divi, iyi yekutsvaga injini inowanzo cachedra zvabuda zvekukamba kwakapfuura, pamwe nekupa dzidziso yekuita zvinobudirira kutsvaga.
Bvunza
Bvunza, kana Bvunza Jeeve sezvavanowanzozivikanwa mune dzimwe nyika dzepasi, injini yekutsvaga inopa yakasarudzika sevhisi kubva paInternet. Panyaya iyi, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti hunhu hwayo ndeyekuti haina kutarisisa pakutsvaga zvirimo, asi kuti inotarisira kupindura chero mubvunzo ungabvunzwe.
Nenzira iyi, Bvunza inoshandisa masevhisi emamwe enjini dzekutsvaga kupindura kunetseka kwevashandisi vayo. Nezve izvi, zvinoenderana nekushandiswa kwemazwi akakosha, ane hukama neayo mubvunzo-mhinduro scheme.
Pamusoro pezvo, iyi Webhurawuza inogadza separamende mukati mekutsvaga kwayo kuti ruzivo rwunobva kumapeji eWebhu ane hunyanzvi mumisoro yakafanana. Nekudaro, izvi hazvireve kuti unozvimisikidza iwe chete kune izvi mhinduro, asi kuti iwe unopa pekutanga kune izvo zvinosangana izvo zvinodiwa.
Chekupedzisira, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti iyi injini yekutsvaga parizvino yakatarisana nemakakatanwa akakomba, kunyanya mushure mekubatana kwayo neOracle Java. Panyaya iyi, zvinodikanwa kutaura kuti vamwe vanamazvikokota vanofunga kuti chibvumirano ichi chinomirira kuyedza kwechokwadi nekambani kuita chirongwa chakaipa, senge malware.
Bing
Bing ibhurawuza rewebhu rakagadzirwa neMicrosoft nechinangwa chekutora paGoogle. Kazhinji, ine dhizaini inokwezva uye, neimwe nzira, inopindirana, nekuti inowanzo shandura mufananidzo wayo wepashure, mairi inoratidza ruzivo nezvayo, pamwe nekureva kune zvimwe zviitiko zvakakosha.
Pamusoro pezvo, iyi injini yekutsvaga ine dhatabhesi iyo iine nhau, mifananidzo, mepu, ruzivo rwemamiriro ekunze, uye kunyange mawadhiji emitambo. Kune rimwe divi, inoisa patinogona muturikiri wepeji, pamwe neanobatsira wekufamba panhare ane akawanda maturusi.
Nenzira imwecheteyo, mukati mehunhu hwayo hukuru isu tinogona kutaura chokwadi chekuti mhedzisiro yekutsvaga iri munguva chaiyo. Zvakare, iyo inopa runyorwa rweyakakurudzirwa masayiti kana zvakanangana nekutsvaga.
Kune rimwe divi, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti Bing ine chibvumirano chazvino ne Yahoo! Kutsvaga, kunofungidzirwa kupera muna 2021. Panyaya iyi, tinogona kujekesa kuti chinangwa chemubatanidzwa uyu kubatana, nekudaro kuyedza kukunda pakati pavo muvengi wavo mukuru: Google.
Chekupedzisira, inotibvumidza kuronga mhedzisiro yekutsvaga kwedu pamativi ese echiratidziri. Nenzira imwecheteyo, inotipa mukana wekumisikidza hukama uye hukama nekutsvaga kwedu kwakapfuura.
DuckDuckGo
Chinhu chikuru chinosiyanisa DuckDuckGo kubva kune mamwe mawebhu ekutsvagisa ndiwo mutemo wayo wega. Panyaya iyi, tinofanirwa kutaura kuti injini iyi haiteedzere ruzivo rwedu; uyezve, haitenderi kuendesa nhoroondo yekutsvaga kune chero mushandisi.
Kana iri yeiri interface, iri nyore uye nyore kushandisa, sezvo iine anokwezva mativi emasaini. Pamusoro pezvo, inopa mukana wekutsvaga nekukurumidza usinga pinde webhusaiti inoenderana.
Kune rimwe divi, ine dhatabhesi yakatakurwa nezvinyorwa, mifananidzo, mavhidhiyo uye mimhanzi. Panyaya iyi, zvakakosha kuti utaure kuti sosi huru yeruzivo iyo DuckDuckGo inoshandisa inobva kunzvimbo dzinozivikanwa dzeveruzhinji dzeInternet.
Nezve ichi chikamu chekupedzisira, zvinodikanwa kujekesa kuti chinangwa cheiyi Webhu yekutsvaga injini kuzvimisikidza pamusika, kuburikidza nekupihwa kwakakurumbira uye kwakakodzera mhedzisiro. Kana iri mutemo wayo wepachivande, sezvatatotaura, DuckDuckGo haichengete chero mhando yeruzivo ine chekuita nemushandisi, saka inopa yakakwira yekuvanzika uye chengetedzo.
Pamusoro pezvo, DuckDuckGo inomiririra mumiririri akatendeka enjini dzekutsvaga, nekuti yakanyoreswa nzvimbo dzinopfuura mazana mana. Chekupedzisira, sechimwe chinhu chekuwedzera isu tinofanirwa kutaura kuvepo kwechronograph iyo inoshanda seyekubatanidza nguva yemamita.
dhanzi
Kazhinji, Opera iri chikamu chehunhu hweinjini dzekutsvaga nekuti mukati mezvibatsiro zvinopihwa neinjini yekutsvaga yeWebhu tinogona kutaura zvinotevera: ine mukana wekuwana nekukurumidza, kuburikidza nekwatinogona kuona zvigunwe zvinoenderana nemapeji takashanya. Pamusoro pezvo, inobvumidza kurodha pasi kwakawanda, pamwe nebasa nemaneja wephasiwedi.
Kune rimwe divi, chimwe chehunhu hukuru hunosiyanisa Opera kubva kune dzimwe injini dzekutsvaga chisarudzo chayo chekurega kubvumidza kushambadza kwakanyorwa pawebhusaiti yatiri kushanyira. Nenzira imwecheteyo, inodzivirira kuvanzika kwemushandisi, sezvo isinga chengetedze chero ruzivo kana rekodhi yacho, kusanganisira iyo yekutsvaga uye yekuodha nhoroondo.
Pamusoro pezvo, Opera ibhurawuza rewebhu rinowanikwa munyika dzinosvika makumi matanhatu neshanu pasirese. Nekudaro, zvinokwanisika kutsvaga mumitauro yakawanda. Kunze kwezvo, sechinhu chakakosha, chinodzivirira kuparara kwesimba rekurangarira rekomputa, nekuti inongomisa mashandiro ari kumashure.
Chekupedzisira, mukati mehunhu hweinjini dzekutsvaga, isu tinofanirwa kutaura kuti iyi yekutsvaga injini inoiswa pasi pemaitiro akati wandei, anoti: Opera, Opera mireza uye Opera turbo. Panyaya iyi, vese vane mukana wekuyambira nezve inogona kuitika hutachiona kana phishing inogoneswa.