Maitiro ekusarudza network tambo. Iwe unoziva zvese nezve network cable? Matambo eNetwork anoendesa masaini emagetsi pamakiromita marefu uye anoiswa mumapoka maererano ne huwandu hwakawanda izvo zvavanotsigira, zvichibva pamaitiro ehunyanzvi uye hunhu hwakananga, hwakadai semhando yechinhu chinoshandiswa.
Aya mazinga anofanirwa kuteverwa nevagadziri, uye kugadzira netiweki tambo zvakanyanya kuoma kupfuura tambo dzemhangura dzakajairwa, sezvo rudzi urwu rwezvinhu ruchifanirwa kunge ruchinyatso shanda pakakwirira, pasina chiratidzo chekudzikira kana kukanganiswa kwemagetsi.
Muchiitiko ichi chekugadzira, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa pakuonekwa kwetsvina, mabhubhu uye kusungirirwa kwemaviri etambo, chinhu chakakosha chemhedzisiro inogutsa. Asi,Nzira yekusarudza tambo yakakodzera network yedata traffic zvinoenderana neIP protocol? Iwo tambo dzenetiweki dziripo pamusika dzinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvezvigadzirwa zvitsva zvakatangwa nhasi?
Tarisa, mune ino chinyorwa, zvese zvine chekuita netiweki tambo: mhando dzetambo dziripo, mashandisirwo adzo uye maitiro Izvo zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa usati watenga zvigadzirwa kudzivirira kuisa zvinhu zvemhando inokahadzika.
Maitiro ekusarudza network tambo: Categories
Kune akati wandei network tambo zviyero pamusika, izvo zvinoshanduka zvinoenderana ne frequency, kureva, kufambisa kumhanya yedata inotsigirwa nezvinhu, uye kugona kuchengetedza kushanda kwekutapurirana kana paine matambudziko. Pasinei neizvi, zvishoma zvinotaurwa pamusoro pekushandiswa kwakanakisa muchikamu chimwe nechimwe uye nhovo dzavo, sezvatichaona pazasi.
Kunyangwe Category 1, 2, uye 4 tambo dzisina kukurudzirwa neTIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) uye nekudaro hadzichagadzirwa, tambo dzemhando 3 dzichiri kushandiswa munharembozha: dzaive tambo dzekutanga dzakamonyoroka dzakagadzirwa uye dzinosanganisira tambo dzinosvika makumi maviri nemana pamita (nhamba yetambo inoshanduka kuderedza kupindirana pakati pemaviri etambo).
Kuti uwane chikamu chetambo, ingotarisa ruzivo rwakarongwa kunze kwayo. Mune ino post tinotsanangura, kazhinji, zvimwe zve iyo inonyanya kushandiswa classifications mumapurojekiti: Katsi5, Katsi5e uye Katsi6.
Cat5 network tambo
Izvi ndizvo chiyero chekare yetambo dzenetwork, dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumambure epamba. Yayo yekumhanyisa data inomhanya pakati pe10Mbps ne100Mbps, asi, parizvino, kushandiswa kwemhando iyi yetambo kwave. yakatsiviwa neCat5e standard, iyo inotsigira kumhanya kwepamusoro kunodiwa nekushanduka kwemidziyo.
Cat5e network tambo
Izvi ndizvo iyo yakakwidziridzwa vhezheni yeCat5 modhi. Cat5e tambo yakagadzirirwa kutsigira vkumhanya kusvika ku1000 Mbps, kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvivakoti uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo.
Kuvandudzwa uku kwakaita kuti zvikwanise kushandisa tambo refu, dzinenge dziri pedyo neinobvumirwa ikozvino yemamita zana. Naizvozvo, inoratidzirwa kumisikirwo yemumba uye yemakambani.
Cat6 network tambo
Mune iyi vhezheni, chiyero chekupindira chakaderera, uye mune dzimwe nguva, chiyero chinogona kutsigira inomhanyisa kusvika ku10 Gigabits uye ma frequency anosvika 250 MHz.
Hazvigoneki kuti mambure epamba achashandisa kugona kwakazara kweiyi tambo modhi, saka yakanyanya kunaka application inoitika munzvimbo dzine kureba kwese kwevhavha kwekabheji kwakakura kupfuura 10 metres kusvika 55 metres.
Iyo yekumisikidza chirongwa cheyakadzivirirwa FTP CAT5 network tambo mune iyo 568B chiyero ndeye idhiri rekushandisa mumaodhiyo nemavhidhiyo midziyo iyo inoshandura chiratidzo kuita CAT5 tambo.
Chikamu 6a chakagadzirwa kubvumira kushandiswa kwe network tambo dzinosvika ku100 metres mu10G network, sezvo vachibvuma mafrequency anosvika 500 MHz uye kubatanidza matanho anoderedza kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo uye kutaridzika kwekukanganisa. pakati pevezera, inonzi crosstalk.
Imwe yezviyero izvi yaive yekureba mapairi uchishandisa spacer, iyo yakawedzera ukobvu hwetambo ne2,3 mm (kubva pa5,6 mm kusvika 7,9 mm), ichideredza kuchinjika kwayo.
Chii chinodzivirira tambo yetiweki?
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha pakusarudza tambo yetiweki ndeye shielding yakaitwa muzvinyorwa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti zvakafanira kufanoongorora zvakatipoteredza, kuitira kuti zvionekwe zvinogona kukonzera kukanganisa mukufambiswa kwezviratidzo. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera kune maapplication ari pedyo neantennas ekufambisa uye magetsi emagetsi.
Tambo dzisina kuvharidzirwa dzinowanzo kuchinjika uye nyore kucheka. Nechikonzero ichi, ivo vanodhura zvakanyanya uye vanozivikanwa pamusika. Kune zvakare akati wandei mamodheru e shielded network tambo, yakarongedzwa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwenhoo, sezvinotsanangurwa pazasi.
UTP: Chisina kuvharwa Cable
Kare kwakanga kusina muitiro wokurukwa kwetambo. Izvi zvaive nekuti kudiwa kwekutapurirana kwaive chete kune masaini ezwi. Chokwadi ichi chakashanduka nekumisikidzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira tambo dzenetiweki.
Parizvino, zvinodikanwa kusevhisi network inosvika zviuru gumi zvemamegabits uye, kuwedzera kutapurirana uye kuvharidzira kupindira, iyo yakaenzana pair system inoshandiswa: chiratidzo chimwechete chinotumirwa mune imwe neimwe, asi neiyo polarity yakadzoserwa.
FTP:Cvanogona nhovo dzakamonyoroka peya
Matambo ndeaya anoshandisa a nyore kudzivirira: yakaonda sheet simbi kana aluminium alloy, zvinhu zvinosanganisira mapeya ese etambo, achivadzivirira kubva kunze kwekukanganisa.
STP: Shielded Twisted Pair Cable
Mumuenzaniso uyu, tambo dzinoshandisa a kudzivirira kwega kwega tambo. Izvi zvinoderedza crosstalk uye inovandudza kushivirira kwetambo kwechinhambwe, chinogona kushandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo tambo dzisina-standard dzinoda kucheneswa, pamusoro pe100 metres.
SFTP: Yakanyatso Shielded Twisted Pair Cable
Matambo emhando iyi batanidza kudzivirira kwega kune imwe neimwe yetambo ine chechipiri chekunze nhovo, iyo inoputira mabheji ose, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanyanya kudzivirira kupindira kwekunze. Naizvozvo, tambo dzeSFTP dzakanyatsokodzera nharaunda dzine chiitiko chepamusoro chekukanganisa.
Kushandiswa kwetambo dzakadzivirirwa kunofanira kusanganiswa nedziviriro yeRJ-45 connectors, iyo inodzivirira chikamu chisina kuvharwa chetambo mukati mekubatanidza.
Maitiro ekusarudza mhando network tambo
Sarudzo haifanire kunge yakavakirwa pahukuru hwemuenzaniso. Iwo epamusoro mureza tambo, uyewo kuva anodhura uye zvakaoma kuwana. Iwe unofanirwa kusarudza iwo akakodzera kune chinangwa chaanoitirwaZvikasadaro, zvakaitika neCat6 tambo mugumi gigabit network zvichaitika izvo, sezvo kureba kwavo kwakaderedzwa kusvika 10 metres, kwakatsiviwa ne55a standard.
Kufanana nemhando ipi zvayo yechigadzirwa, pane yakanaka mhando network tambo, iyo inoenderana nezviyero zvakatarwa pamusika, uye tambo dzine hunyanzvi hwekuita, sezvo zvikamu zvadzo zvakashandurwa nemugadziri kuti vaderedze mutengo wavo.
Nehurombo, pasina chaiwo mamita, zvakaoma kuziva tambo dzisina kunaka. Muchiitiko ichi, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mhando dzakavimbwa chete, dzakagadzirwa nemakambani ane nhoroondo yakanaka yekutsvaga uye kuzivikanwa mumutsara wavo wechigadzirwa.