ari mhando dzevatariri izvo zviripo parizvino tendera mushandisi kuti afunge izvo zvakanaka kune zvavanoda. Muchikamu chino iwe uchadzidza kuti ndeapi anonyanya kukoshesa monititori uye hunhu hwavo.
Mhando dzevatariri: Pfungwa uye hunhu
Monita inonzi yekupararira zvigadzirwa zvinobuda mukomputa yenyika. Iwo ane skrini inova chikamu cheiyo interface inobvumidza mushandisi kucherechedza kuburikidza nemifananidzo, zvese mashandiro uye zviitiko zvinoitwa pakombuta. Mhando dzevatariri dzinomiririra nhasi nzira yekutenda nharaunda nemaitiro anodikanwa nemunhu munyika yanhasi.
Monitors vane akasiyana maitiro uye masimba; mune ino chinyorwa iwe uchakwanisa kuziva zvese zvine hukama nazvo. Nhasi ivo chikamu chehupenyu nemagariro nharaunda yevanhu vazhinji. Mhando dzevatariri dzinochengetedza maziso nemushandisi uye ndicho chinongedzo chinopindirana mazano nemifungo nekombuta.
Kune akasiyana mamodheru evatariri ayo zvishoma nezvishoma akachinja nenzira yakadaro; iko kuongorora mazuva ano kunogona kushandiswa seterevhizheni, sekiriniki yepc, zvakare seimwe nzira yekushandisa mukushambadzira. Kugadzikana uko kugadzirwa kwemhando dzevatariri kwakagadzirwa kwakanyanya kwazvo.
Tinokukoka iwe kuti ushanyire ichi chinyorwa chakazara pamhando dzakasiyana dzekutarisa mapaneru emitambo yemavhidhiyo kana yemitambo yekutarisa nekupinda iyi link tn-vs-ips-vs-va kwaunowana tsananguro yakanakisa yeumwe neumwe wavo.
Nhoroondo uye shanduko
Pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, tekinoroji tekinoroji yakatanga kubuda pamusika wepasi rose. Pakutanga hazvina kukonzera kukanganisa kwaitarisirwa nevakawanda. Rudzi rwetekinoroji urwu rwakashoropodzwa uye nyanzvi hadzina kunyatso tenda kuti dzinogona kuenda kure zvakadaro uye hadzina kuzvipa mikana yakawanda yekusimudzira.
Kwegore 1923 terevhizheni yekutanga nhema nechena yakaratidza kuti zvishoma nezvishoma yakatanga kuzvimisa paruzhinji. Pakati pemakumi maviri emakore akatevera, kukanganisa kwayakaita pamusika wepasi rose kwainakidza, kuchiwedzera kugadzirwa nekusimudzira pasirese.
Mune ma40s, iyo terevhizheni terevhizheni yakaonekwa, iyo yakaita kuti zvikwanise kuwedzera tekinoroji uye kufambisira mberi nyika yekutaurirana. Kubva ipapo shanduko yeterevhizheni yakatanga kuchinja nyika uye ichaona kufambira mberi kweruzivo.
Kutanga skrini
Kusvikira kuma60s, terevhizheni yakasimbiswa, pamwe chete nayo iyo monitor kana skrini yakaberekwa zvakare, hwaive hupenyu hweterevhizheni. Iko kuburitswa kwemifananidzo kubva kure kwakabvumirwa kugadzira nzira yekuona hupenyu hwakasiyana zvakanyanya kubva pakuonekwa kwahwo kusvika zvino. Zvishoma nezvishoma zvakashanduka kusvika zvasvika pamazuva edu.
Nekuzvarwa kwemacomputer, monitors vakatora mareferenzi etekinoroji tekinoroji, kuratidza pachiratidziro maitiro akaitwa mumakomputa. Ipapo zvishandiso zvekutanga zvinodaidzwa kuti UDV kana Visual Presentation Unit zvinoonekwa.
Muna 1964, plasma screen rakagadzirwa paUniversity yeIllinois kuUSA; Iyo yakavakirwa pane maitiro apo diki sero re phosphorus uye akakosha magasi senge maion uye asina kwazvakarerekera zvidimbu zvinosangana necathode. Iyo yekutaurirana inogadzira gasi remavara matatu anokonzerwa nephosphor iyo inovabvumidza kuti vashandiswe kuti vagadzire akasiyana mavara.
Nekudaro, hunyanzvi uhu hauna kuona mwenje kusvika mugore ra2000 pakaonekwa mamwe materevhizheni mune dzimwe nzvimbo. kuratidza kusiyanisa mukugadziriswa kwemifananidzo uye kududzirwa kwekuratidzira.
80's
Mhando idzi dzevatariri dzaive neyakavakirwa-mukati skrini uye keyboard, iyo yaive yakabatana neiyo nascent michina yemakomputa muma80. Aive maviri-mavara masikirini airatidza chete girini zvinyorwa uye nhema nhema skrini.
Iyo Apple Company, iyo yakanga ichitanga kuratidza yekutanga komputa michina, yakaparura CRT terevhizheni yekutarisa inonzi Apple II pamusika kunyanya mukutanga kwema80. Iyo yaishandiswa kutora chikamu mumitambo yakasiyana siyana yevhidhiyo.
Iyo IBM kambani yakaparura yekutanga CRT yemidziyo yemakomputa muna 1981. Yaive yakaumbwa nematatu-zvidimbu michina: Iyo CRT yekutarisa, iyo Mhando dzekhibhodi uye iyo CPU. Kunyangwe zvaive zvakapusa, zvikwata izvi zvakapatsanurwa netambo, nekuti CPU yaive hombe uye yaisakwanisa kubatanidzwa nemidziyo.
Nekusvika kwemakomputa maPC zvakare akatangwa neBMM, maadapter emagetsi kana CGA (Colour Graphics Adapter) inoonekwa. Mhando idzi dzevatariri dzinobvumira mavara mana kuti aratidzwe, aive nesarudzo ye320 x 200. Muna 1984 kambani imwecheteyo yakagadzira monitor iyo yaibvumidza kubuda kwemavara anosvika gumi nematanhatu, aine resolution ye16 x 640 pixels.
Iyo IBM kambani yakaramba ichivandudza nekushandura nyika yekomputa uye komputa. Saka mu1987 yakatanga chirongwa chinonzi VGA (Vhidhiyo Graphics Adapter).
Iyi skrini yakashandurwa kukomputa nyowani yePS / 2. Iyi yekutarisa yakabvumidza mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu nematanhatu uye chisarudzo chechikwiriso chemazana matanhatu nemakumi mana nemapikiseli. Iyo yekutarisisa yakashanda sereferenzi yekusimudzira iyo indasitiri yemakomputa, nhasi vari chikamu che Zvikamu zvecomputer.
90s uye nguva dzazvino
Kutanga makore gumi aya, maXGA neUXGA monitors anoonekwa, ayo akachinja musika wekuratidzira. Vakanga vaine simba rekuburitsa anopfuura mamirioni gumi nematanhatu mavara uye chisarudzo chakasvika kusvika kuma16 x 800 megapixels. Idzi mhando dzevatariri dzaive nedudziro yakakwira kwazvo iyo yakazoshanduka ikaenda kune anotevera ekuratidzira zvishandiso munzira dzakasiyana.
Pakazosvika gore ra2000, iyo tekinoroji yakanga yafambira mberi uye yakatanga kuumba emvura screen monitors senge maLDC, ayo aimbove aine resolution ye1600 x1200 megapixels uye nekwanisi yekugadzirisa anopfuura mamirioni gumi nematanhatu. Ziso remunhu rine chete kugona kugadzirisa mamirioni gumi mavara.
Parizvino, kufamba uye kusimudzira kwevatariri kunoenderera mberi nekushanduka kwayo. Ivo vakatovaka anoshanduka, akajeka monitors ayo asiri chete anoshandiswa nekomputa; asi zvakagadzirirwa kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehunyanzvi senge sainzi, mitambo, nyeredzi pakati pevamwe.
Vanoshanda sei uye ndezvipi?
Iwo mamonitor anoshanda nhasi zvinoenderana nehunhu uye zvinodiwa nemushandisi. Mazhinji anoshanda kuburikidza neyekubatanidza sisitimu yema microcircuits ayo anoshandiswa kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana siyana. Izvo zvinonyorerwa uye kumisikidzwa nemabhatani ari pamativi kana kune chero imwe nzvimbo yakafanana.
Izvo zvinogona zvakare kushandiswa kuburikidza neremote control kana zvikashandiswa seterevhizheni. Muchiitiko chevatariri vemakomputa, iwo masikirini anotendera kupa akasiyana uye manejimendi kuburikidza nemirairo inowanikwa mune yekushandisa system. Nekudaro, ivo zvakare vane anofambidzana mamenyu ayo anogona kuitwa nekuibata nekubata iyo skrini.
Aya anonzi ekugunzva monitors ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa mazuva ano, uye hunyanzvi hwakatoshandiswa mune mazhinji smart mafoni. Mhando dzevatariri dziri kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehupenyu hwevanhu. Mukurapa, mutsika, tekinoroji tekinoroji, mune aeronautical world uye munzvimbo dzese dzekutsigira kana kusimudzira kwevanhu ivo chishandiso chakakosha.
Zvisinei, kushandiswa nekushanda kunoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekushanda kwekambani, sangano kana munhu. Saka mukomputa ivo chikamu cheakakosha chishandiso chakaiswa. Pamwe chete kune iyo Mhando dzeanoshanda masystem tibvumidze kuita zviito zvakadai se:
- Tarisa mafirimu
- Verenga mabhuku
- Chengetedza mifananidzo
- Gadzirira magwaro uye chengetedza danho rebasa nhanho
- Tarisa maemail
- Unganidza kune internet uye ese masocial network
- Gadzira mabasa ezvivakwa, dhizaini uye hunyanzvi kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvakasiyana zvinosanganisira kudhirowa, girafu, dhizaini.
- Tarisa mifananidzo
Various monitors
Nhasi zvakasiyana mhando dzemacomputer monitors ayo ndiwo anoshandiswa zuva nezuva pasirese. Vamwe vakasimukira kupfuura vamwe, vari chikamu chemubatanidzwa wemhando dzevatariri dziri kushandiswa. Kuenderana kwavo kwakasiyana kwazvo kubva kune mumwe kuenda kune mumwe.
Tekinoroji ivo vanosiyaniswa nemaitiro emagetsi anoshandisa matekiniki akasiyana senge mwenje wemvura, pixels diki, zvikamu zvemonochrome. Aya marudzi evatariri akapa rakakosha shanduko munyika yehunyanzvi uye komputa, ngatione iwo mamodheru.
Bata
Vanga vaine kukura kukuru mumakore gumi apfuura. Kubata tekinoroji inobvumidza nharembozha, mapiritsi, makomputa, uye akasiyana masikirini kuti ashande nekutapa paari. Iyo yekutanga mashandiro inoenderana nekutepa iyo nzvimbo pachiratidziro kuti uite chiito. Ivo vakagadziriswa mukunopera kwemakumi mapfumbamwe uye kuboora kwavo kwakauya pakati-10s.
Ivo ndeimwe yezvinhu zvine hunyanzvi mumakore achangopfuura, Vakatendera kutsiva zviito zvakawanda zvakaitiswa panyama keyboard. Iyo yekubata skrini inobvumidza mushandisi kuisa iyo ruzivo muchirongwa uyezve anobva agamuchira mhedzisiro nenzira iyoyo nekungobata chete skrini.
Yakanga iine mavambo ayo pakutanga kwegore 2000 pavakashandiswa kuburikidza nepenzura diki iyo yaiita chiitiko ichi nekutsikirira chidzitiro. Touchscreens anoiswa mukati maLCD monitors. Ivo chikamu chekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yemakore apfuura uye anoonekwa mune angangoita ese mashandiro enharaunda.
Kubva kumabhangi kusvika kumakambani makuru emaindasitiri nemitambo, vanoshandisa michina iyi. Iwo maoneti anogona kuve emhando dzinoverengeka: Resistive, capacitive uye infrared; mutsauko pakati pavo ndiyo tsananguro yesarudzo, mhando uye kuramba kwechifananidzo.Kuenderana nehunhu uhwu, mutengo waro unogona kuve wakasiyana.
digitaalinen
Ivo ndivo mamonitor akashanduka kubva kuma90's uye anogona kuiswa muzvikwata zviviri: VGA mhando monitors, yakagadziriswa neIBM muma80. Ivo vakabatsira kupa zvakajeka maonero ekugadzirisa. Makore mashoma gare gare, vatariri veSVGA vakasvika, mazita avo muChirungu iSuper Video Graphics Array.
Aya mamonitor akaberekwa mukupera kwema90s uye akaita mutsauko mukugadzirisa zvinhu. Kusvika kwayo pamusika kwakatibvumidza kukoshesa mifananidzo yakatsanangurwa, uko chisarudzo chakasvika 800 x 600 megapixels.
LCD
Chirungu inodaidza Liquid Crystal Ratidza. Iwo maonitori ane peculiarity yekushanda kuburikidza nekamvura kristal system. Kubatsira kwemhando idzi dzevatariri ndechekuti iwo akareruka uye akareruka. Kuenderana kwavo kwakatetepa uye ivo vanobatsira kuwedzera mifananidzo nenzira yakajeka netekinoroji yavo.
Iyo sisitimu inoshanda nekuratidzira mwenje kuburikidza negirazi diki. Izvi zvinogamuchira mwenje nenzira yakashata uye inozvironga kuita madiki madiki ayo anobuda ari muchimiro chemapikisheni emonochrome.
Ivo vanobva vatendera kuti vagadzire danda diki rechiedza iro rinoendeswa kune kunze. Pixel imwe neimwe inodzorwa ne microprocessor iyo inodzora mavara. Mifananidzo iri paLCD skrini yakatsanangurwa kwazvo uye inogadzira resolution yemakumi mapikisheni e1080.
Mazuva ano ndiwo akanyanya kudikanwa pamidziyo yemakomputa, anotendera kushandisa simba shoma uye kutora nzvimbo shoma. Musika wepasi rose unopindirwa neizvi mhando dzevatariri vePC. Vhidhiyo inonyaradza, macalculator, nharembozha, makamera edhijitari anochengetedza chimiro chavo kuburikidza nemhando idzi dzema skrini.
Mifananidzo yeLCD ndeyemhando yemonochrome inoenderana nechero chishandiso pasina chikonzero chekuve nechero kana yepatial pikicha pikicha, sezvazviri neCRT monitors. Iwo mababu eLCD yekutarisa anotora angangoita zviuru makumi matatu emaawa kusvika zviuru makumi mashanu emaawa.
LCD mhando
Izvo zvakasiyana mumodhoni zvinoonekwa nemhando yetekinoroji nekushanda kwezvinodiwa nemushandisi, ngatione kuti ndedzipi mhando dzevatariri veLCD vari:
- Guest Hosts, GH yezwi rayo rinotsanangurwa, zviratidziro zvine mwenje unopinza mwenje. Izvi zvinovatendera kuti vashande nemavara akasiyana siyana. Maitiro acho anoenderana nerudzi uye nhanho yemunda wemagetsi wakashandiswa.
- Yakamonyoroka Nematic, TN, ndiyo yaunowana pane anodhura LCD mamodheru. Mamorekuru emvura anoshanda pamakona makumi mapfumbamwe; Mune mamwe mazwi, maitiro ekugadzirisa anogona kusiyana kana iyo mifananidzo yakaratidzwa ichikurumidza.
- Super Twisted Nematic, SNT ndiyo shanduko yemhando yapfuura uye inobvumidza kushanda nemifananidzo inogona kushandura nyika nekukurumidza.Mafambiro emamorekuru anovandudzwa uye haatariswe pane mamwe makona. Maitiro aya anobatsira kuti chifananidzo chinogona kutendwa nemushandisi, chakapinza uye chine chisarudzo chakanakisa.
akatungamirira
Mhando iyi yemonitara inonzi muChirungu Chiedza Inoburitsa Diode, inoshanda kuburikidza nedhodhi rinoburitsa mwenje wakanyanya. Yayo yakajairika kuumbika kunoumbwa neakasiyana polychromatic uye monochromatic module ayo, pamwe chete seboka, anotendera kuburitswa kwemhando yepamusoro mifananidzo inogona kuoneka kumatunhu marefu.
Zviratidzo zve LED zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya nhasi kune akasiyana marudzi ezviratidziro uko kwakakura kuratidzwa kunodiwa. Ivo vane kugona kuve nezviuru zve mini mini LED mababu ayo anobatsira kugadzira mifananidzo iyo inogona kungoonekwa chete kubva kure yakachengeteka.
Anoshanda maLED
Aya mamodheru anogadzirwa nediki ma transistors mune yega yega mapikisheni. Ivo vanoshanda kuburikidza nema diode uye cathode machubhu. Izvi zvinoratidza mwaranzi yechiedza iyo inozoishandura kuita mufananidzo. Mune aya marudzi eanotarisa mifananidzo ndeyemhando yepamusoro, chimiro chavo chemuviri chinoumbwa nerudzi rwebhokisi kumashure.
Passive maLED
Iwo mapuratifomu emadziro ayo, kumberi nekumashure, anoshandisa tekinoroji yakafanana neiya yemadhivhuru eUS asi nemusiyano mukuumbwa kwemifananidzo ine dudziro shoma.
Polychromatic
Ivo ndivo mamonitor ayo anoshandura mamirioni emavara uye anotendera kupa resolution resolution yenzvimbo hombe. Izvi zvinhu zvinobatsira kuve chikamu chevatariri ayo anoshandiswa munhandare uye zviitiko zvikuru.
Monochrome
Aya maonesheni ekuratidzira zvidiki monitors izvo zvinoratidza imwe chete mufananidzo mufananidzo kana danda rechiedza. Kupfuura chekutarisa, iyo mamiriro-e-iyo-tekinoroji tekinoroji iyo inobatsira kuumba LED skrini, uye ivo vanoshanda semubatsiri wekuumba chimiro chembiri muchimiro cheboka.
CRT
Izvo zvakagadzirwa kuitira kuendesa mifananidzo pamusoro penzvimbo refu kuburikidza nemaHertzian mafungu. Navo terevhizheni yakaberekwa uye ichibvumidzwa kutanga kuvandudza kwese kwevatariri munyika. Inoshanda kuburikidza necathode tube system. Kunyangwe tekinoroji yakashanduka, idzi mhando dzevatariri dzichiri kugadzirwa kune zvimwe zvinangwa.
Zvakare izvi mhando dzevatariri dzakatanga nzira yekuvandudza terevhizheni, pakutanga nhepfenyuro pachiratidziro dzaive nhema uye chena. Kune rimwe divi, iyo inobvumidza kugamuchirwa kwemifananidzo inouya kubva pakombuta. Kubatana kwako kunoitwa kuburikidza nevhidhiyo port.
Iyo fomu yekubuda iri kuburikidza nechirongwa sosi inogona kuve antenna kana komputa. Kune mavara CRT monitors, kuburitsa kwavo kunoitwa nekubatanidza iyo yekutanga mavara (yero, bhuruu uye tsvuku). Huwandu hwezvinhu zviri mukati mekutarisa, zviite zvinorema kwazvo.
Saizi saizi haigone kuitwa yakakura nekuda kwekukanganisa uku. Kukura kwacho kunorema. Pakutanga zvaive zvakaoma kuvabatanidza iwo kumakomputa masystem uye zvishandiso zvema90. Yakanga isiri kusvika kumagumo kwa2000 kuti kubatana kungaitwe.
OLED
Inosanganisira yekutarisa ine yakasarudzika mhando diode. Iko kunoburitswa mwenje kuburikidza neelectroluminescence layer. Izvo zvinoumbwa nemakemikari akasiyana emakemikari anotendera mwenje wemukati kuburitswa mukati mechitarisiko, icho chinobva chaburitsa mufananidzo kunekunze kwechidzitiro.
Hazvizivikanwi-8
Monitori eaya hunhu aishandiswa mukuvandudza nekugadzirisa mumakomputa. Iyo sisitimu yakashanda nekutumira iyo ruzivo rwakauya kubva kumakomputa michina inogadzira mifananidzo kuburikidza nechiridzwa chakatumira maerekitironi kurwisa mubereki wephosphorus.
Yakavagashira nekuburitsa mwenje diki une ruvara. Maitiro aya anotendera kuburitsa akasiyana marudzi emarudzi uye panguva imwechete kugadzirisa akasiyana marudzi ekugadzirisa. Chidzitiro chayo chaive chakakombama uye huremu hwayo hwaive hwakakura. Vakanga vane chinetso, apo magetsi emagetsi akaurayiwa chidzitiro chakazunguzika uye chisarudzo chaifanira kugadziriswa. Dzimwe dzakatoputika.
TFT, flat screen
TFT yekutarisa mhando mhando yemhando dzakasiyana dzeLCD emvura skrini. Iyo inoshandisa yakatetepa firimu transistor seyakagadzirwa tekinoroji, saka zita rayo muChirungu, Mutete Wemafirimu Transistor, saka inovandudza mufananidzo zvakanyanya.
Kusiyana neyechinyakare emvura skrini, iyo TFT skrini. Inofumura akateedzana emapikisheni akasimbiswa kana kusimbiswa kusvika padanho repamusoro kuitira kuti vawedzere kubwinya kwavo. Iko kumanikidza kunoitwa kwenguva yechipiri. Pamasikirini makuru tekinoroji iyi haigone kuiswa.
Saka TFT tarisisa mhando dzinoshandiswa kune zvidiki zvishandiso uye zviridzwa. Iko kubatana kwekugadzira iyo chifananidzo kwakakura; chinova chimwe chinhu chinodzikamisa ma skrini makuru.
Dambudziko rinogadzirwa apo ese mapikisheni ekoramu imwe chete anogamuchira kuwedzera kwemhepo kumanikidza muchikamu chechipiri. Nekudaro, izvi zvinodzorwa kuburikidza nekadiki switch-mhando chishandiso chinogadzirisa pixel yega yega zvakasiyana.
Plasma skrini
Ivo vanodaidzwa kuti FPDs, uye ivo vakachinja musika pavakaonekwa muhukuru hwakakura kupfuura makumi matatu mainji. Zita rayo rakakonzerwa nekuti iyo sisitimu inoshandisa diki tekinoroji sosi inoumbwa nemagetsi ane magetsi ionized magasi. Vorongerwa ayo vaiva nemwenje. Hunhu hwerudzi urwu rwechidzitiro ndechekuti hauburitse mapuratifomu akati wandei painoburitsa mufananidzo.
Shanduko mune idzi pulsations inouya kana chiratidzo chatumirwa kubva kunobva, iko kungave komputa kana shanduko yechiteshi paterevhizheni. Izvo zvinomiririra kushoma kuneta uchitarisa pachiratidziri. Ivo ndivo vakwikwidzana veiyo LCD neCRT mhando dzevatariri.
Inogadzira yakajeka mifananidzo uye yakanyanya kwazvo resolution. Iwo akakwana ekugadzirisa akasiyana emhando sarudzo senge kupenya uye musiyano. Ivo zvakare vakareruka uye vanotora nzvimbo diki. Kugadziriswa kwaro kunotendera kuvapa iwo akawanda ekugara.
Musiyano uri mumufananidzo unoita musiyano pakati pechakajeka uye nerima. Kazhinji, kana musiyano uripamusoro unoitawo sezvazviri chaizvo. Kusiyana nezvimwe zvikwangwani izvo kana kupenya kuchiwedzerwa mufananidzo unowanzo kuve wakanyanyisa uye unorasikirwa nesarudzo.