Uluqhuba njani uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT ngokuchanekileyo?

Funda uku Uyenza njani uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT? Kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi imeko umntu okanye inkampani enayo kwaye isekwe kuloo nto ukuze ikwazi ukucebisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphumelela. Kule nqaku siza kukufundisa indlela yokusebenzisa esi sixhobo.

Uyenza njani uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT kubantu okanye kwiinkampani?

Ngaphambi kokuchaza Uyenza njani uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT? Siza kubonisa ezinye iikhonsepthi zangaphambili ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda ngcono ukuba yintoni le matrix, esebenza njengesalathiso sokufumanisa ukuba zeziphi izicwangciso ekufuneka zilandelwe kwinkampani yakho okanye umntu othile.

I-matrix ye-SWOT, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-SWOT, SWOT okanye uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT ngesifinyezo sayo ngesiNgesi kwaye sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya amacebo ahlukeneyo kwinkampani, abantu okanye uhlobo oluthile lwemveliso ofuna ukuyenza okanye ukuyenza.

Igama laso sisishunqulelo samagama alandelayo: Ubuthathaka, izoyikiso, amandla kunye namathuba. Inkqubo ye- izinto zangaphakathi kwinkampani okanye umntu ekwenziwa kuye olu hlalutyo, phuma kumandla kunye nobuthathaka, kuba benza okanye batshabalalisa ixabiso elifanayo, kubandakanya izakhono, izixhobo, iiasethi, njl.

Ngokubhekisele kumathuba kunye nezoyikiso, babhekisa kwi izinto zangaphandle Kuba ezo zingaphandle kolawulo lwenkampani, zibandakanya ukhuphiswano, ezopolitiko, ezentlalo, ezenkcubeko, ezomthetho okanye ezoqoqosho, kunye neenkcukacha zabantu, njl.

Olu hlalutyo lubalulekile ekufumaneni ukuba injani imeko yenkampani ethile okanye iprojekthi kwaye isekwe kwisifo esifunyenweyo, ukuze ikwazi ukucebisa iqhinga ekufuneka lilandelwe ukuzisa loo projekthi empumelelweni.

Uya kuzibuza Uyenza njani uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT? Siza kukuxelela ukuba le nkqubo ilula kakhulu, kuba kwisine sezine ezenza uphawu ngalunye, uluhlu kufuneka lwenziwe ngayo yonke imiba ethathelwa ingqalelo ukuba ikuluhlu ngalunye. Emva koko, banikezelwa ubunzima okanye amanqaku, konke kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziphambili zenkampani, umntu okanye iqumrhu elivavanyiweyo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu malunga ne-matrix ye-SWOT yile nto ityhilwa sesi sixhobo, Oko kukuthi, okubaluleke kakhulu kuhlalutyo olwenziwa ukufikelela kwizigqibo ezifanelekileyo ezinikezelwa sesi sixhobo. Emva kokufunda eli nqaku, unokuba nomdla wokwazi Yintoni ukufikelela kude.

I-matrix ye-SWOT, yintoni na?

I-matrix yobuthathaka, izoyikiso, amandla kunye namathuba, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-SWOT, SWOT okanye i-SWOT matrix, sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukwenza uhlalutyo kwinkampani okanye kwiprojekthi apho iimeko zivavanywa ukwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi kwaye zinokuthintela imisebenzi ukufezekisa iinjongo. Xa usenza olu hlalutyo, isicwangciso-qhinga sinokwenziwa apho sivumela ukwenziwa kwemeko yento ehlalutyiweyo.

Ukulula kolu hlalutyo lwenziwe kwayenza yathandwa kwezinye iinkampani, amasebe, oorhulumente, abantu, njl. Kodwa kusekho abo bayigxekayo ngokuxhomekeka kwayo ekwenzeni izigqibo ezizenzekelayo kwaye kuba bejonga ukuba ayiboneleli ngeengxoxo eziyimfuneko kwinjongo yayo enje ngamanyathelo ekhonkrithi, amaxabiso amanani, njl.

Esi sicwangciso senziwe ngumcebisi uAlabert S. Humphey ngeminyaka yoo-XNUMX ngenxa yophando awayelwenza ngeloxesha. Uphando luzamile ukuveza imatriki apho amandla, amathuba, ubuthathaka kunye nosongelo lweziko elithile, inkampani okanye iprojekthi echaziweyo yaqwalaselwa. Lo mcebisi wazimisela ezi zicwangciso zine ngokuzicingela ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Amandla

Amandla avumela ukukhuthaza iimpawu zangaphakathi zeshishini, ukunceda ukugqiba iinjongo ezicetywayo. Amandla ahlelwa njengezinto zangaphakathi onazo umbutho, apho izinto zangaphandle zingangeneleli, ezinje ngezixhobo kunye noqeqesho, izakhono zokuziqhelanisa, phakathi kwabanye.

Amathuba

Ziziganeko zangaphandle kwishishini ezisetyenziselwa ukuthanda umnini wenkampani kwaye ke zivumela ukukhula. Ezi zinto kufuneka zamkelwe ngumbutho okanye yinkampani kwaye ngenxa yoko zibe nokhuphiswano oluyimfuneko ngokuchasene nezinye iinkampani okanye amashishini.

Ubuthathaka

Eli candelo likwangumbandela wangaphakathi wenkampani ongavumeli ukukhula okuphucukileyo kweshishini okanye uphuhliso kuba kuthintela ukuzalisekiswa kwazo zonke iinjongo ezimiselwe impumelelo yenkampani. Umzekelo, singakhankanya ukunqongophala kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, izakhono kunye nezicwangciso zokukwazi ukuzalisekisa iinjongo ezicetywayo.

Iinkqubo

Ezi zinto zihlala zizinto umnini wombutho angenakho ukuzilawula kuba ikwaqwalaselwa njengezinto zangaphandle ezingakuvumeli ukufezekiswa kweenjongo ezicetywayo. Umzekelo weli tyala lukhuphiswano.

Uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT Lenzelwe ntoni?

Esona sizathu sokusebenzisa esi sicwangciso kukujonga imeko yangoku yombutho, umntu okanye imveliso ukuze kudityaniswe isicwangciso sobuchule apho kuthathwa khona ezona zigqibo zilungileyo zokwakha iinjongo ezibekwe yinkampani okanye ngumntu.

Ngolu hlalutyo uya kuba nakho ukufumanisa ngaphakathi kwenkampani yakho ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaqambisile ukuze ufumane inzuzo ngaphezulu kwabo ukhuphisana nabo kwaye zeziphi izinto ekufuneka uziphucule ukufezekisa iinjongo. Esi sixhobo sinokukunceda wenze izigqibo malunga:

• Ukukhangela izisombululo kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo
• Yahlula imiqobo eyahlukeneyo ethintela ukufikelela kwiinjongo ezimiselweyo.
• Yenza izigqibo ngokubhekisele kwicala ekufuneka ulithathe ngokufanelekileyo.
• Chaza okunokubakho kunye nokusikelwa umda ukuze ukwazi ukuguqula naliphi na inyathelo.

Isishwankathelo, sinokuthi i-matrix ye-SWOT iyasivumela ukuba sazi ukuba inkampani iqhuba njani kwaye isebenze ngokufanelekileyo ukuba kufanelekile ukwenza uthotho lwezicwangciso-qhinga ukuze kufikelelwe kwisikhundla esihle kukhuphiswano.

Ukusetyenziswa kwematriki ye-SWOT

Le matrix inezibonelelo ezininzi kuyo nayiphi na inkampani okanye umbutho, kuba ivumela ukwazi ukusilela enako naxa ubachonga ukuba bakwazi ukukhangela izisombululo ezinceda inkampani ukuba iphumelele.

Ezona zisetyenziswayo kwesi sicwangciso zezi zilandelayo:

• Vavanya zonke iimeko apho inkampani okanye iprojekthi ifunyenwe.
• Ikuvumela ukuba wenze amaqhinga okuhlala ngaphakathi kwezona ndawo zikhuphiswano.
• Iqaqambisa iimpawu ezibalaseleyo zombutho kwaye iphucula iziphene okanye ubuthathaka obufunyenwe xa kusenziwa le matrix.
• Kuyanceda ukuchaza imiba yangaphakathi neyangaphandle ukuthanda ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkampani.

Iindidi zematriki ze-SWOT

Nangona sidibanise i-matrix ye-SWOT kuphela yeeprojekthi kunye neenkampani, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, siqaqambisa uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT olusetyenziswa kakhulu:

• Inkampani: Olu hlalutyo lolona lusetyenziswa kakhulu kuzo zonke izikolo zentengiso nakulo naliphi na ishishini. Emva kwexesha siza kukubonisa eminye imizekelo yendlela esisetyenziswa ngayo esi sixhobo kwinkampani.
• Umntu: Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, olu hlalutyo lusetyenziswa ngenxa yokukhula okukhulu kweempawu zobuqu kunye namashishini. Yonke imihla kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisana nophawu lomntu nawuphi na kuba sikwixesha apho abasebenzi bengasaqeshwanga ngesihloko sabo kodwa ngamandla abo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukongeza uphawu lomntu ngamnye kwaye ngesi sixhobo ungachonga ubuthathaka kunye namandla abo.
• Intengiso yedijithali: Ukwenza isicwangciso sentengiso yedijithali, kubalulekile ukwenza olu hlalutyo ukuze ukhethe ezona ndlela zilungileyo zinxulumene nophando olwenziweyo ngale matrix. Ngenxa yoku, kubalulekile ukuba uhlalutye kwi-matrix ye-SWOT zeziphi iindlela ezinokuthi zithathwe ukuhlalutya imeko yokhuphiswano lweshishini.

Emva kwexesha siza kukubonisa eminye imizekelo Uyenza njani uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT? kwiqela ngalinye kula.

Uyenza njani uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT?

Ukuba ufuna ukwenza uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT kwinkampani okanye kwishishini, kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo la manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Kuqala kufuneka wenze inkangeleko yenkampani, kufuneka uchaze ukusebenza kwenkampani kwaye ngoobani abathengi abahamba rhoqo, kuba oku kuyanceda ukuthathela ingqalelo izinto zangaphakathi nangaphandle ezichaphazelekayo. Ukuba inkampani inkulu, uhlalutyo kufuneka lwenziwe ngokuzimeleyo kwindawo nganye, umgca wemveliso okanye iimveliso, ukumisela ifuthe eliveliswa yinkampani nganye kwinkampani.
2. Kuya kufuneka unqume eyona njongo iphambili eyenziweyo uhlalutyo. Ukuba kukho injongo ecacileyo, kulula kakhulu ukufumana onke amanqaku ukwenza olu hlalutyo.
3. Inyathelo elilandelayo kukwenza i-2 × 2 matrix apho icandelo ngalinye lalo mzobo liya kuba lapho zonke izinto ezingqinelana nolwakhiwo lomzobo ziya kubekwa khona, oko kukuthi, kuya kufuneka wenze uluhlu lobuthathaka, elinye ukomelela, enye yezisongelo kwaye ekugqibeleni enye ngamathuba.
4. Emva kwexesha funda zonke ezi zinto kwaye unqume ukuba siyintoni esona sicwangciso silungileyo sokulungisa okanye ukomeleza ezi mpawu inkampani yakho inazo.

Apha ngezantsi siza kukubuza imibuzo enokukunceda uchonge izinto zokwenza i-matrix ye-SWOT.

Amandla

Zizizo zonke ezo mpawu zinceda ukuba ube nethuba elifanelekileyo lokhuphiswano. Ukuzichonga siza kukunika imibuzo:

• Yenzani inkampani ethathwa njengomsebenzi olunge kakhulu?
• Zeziphi izibonelelo ezinazo kwezinye iinkampani?
• Zingaphi kwaye ziziphi izixhobo ezisebenzayo abanazo?
• Ngawaphi amandla achonga abasebenzi kunye nabathengi ababalaseleyo?

Ubuthathaka

Zizinto ezibeka inkampani kwimeko engeloncedo. Nantsi indlela yokubachonga:

• Senza ntoni ngoku kwaye singaphucula njani?
• Zeziphi izikhalazo kunye nokugxekwa inkampani ehlala ifumana?
• Yeyiphi indawo esisesichengeni kuyo?

Amathuba

Zizo zonke izithuba eziphakathi kwintengiso ezingakhange zithathelwe ingqalelo kwaye kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi ekuphuculeni iimeko zenkampani.

• Ngawaphi amathuba esiwaziyo kodwa esingakhange sikwazi ukuwasebenzisa?
• Ngaba sinokusebenzisa iindlela ezintsha ukufumana ukhuphiswano?

Kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo ukuba ngaba inkampani yakho inaso nawaphi na isikhundla sobuchule ukuze ihlasele la mathuba isebenzisa uhlalutyo lwamandla kunye nobuthathaka babo.

Iinkqubo

Ezi meko zichazwe kukungangqinelani okwahlukileyo kwintengiso, imimiselo urhulumente ayenzayo malunga namaxabiso okanye ezinye izinto zokuqonda imveliso okanye indlela uluntu olubona ngayo ishishini lakho. Ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka uyithathele ingqalelo le mibuzo ukwenza uhlalutyo lwakho:

• Zeziphi iiarhente zangaphandle ezikhoyo ezinokubangela ukubhloka kwinkqubela phambili yethu?
• Iimeko zoqoqosho ziwachaphazela njani amashishini ethu kwaye ayintoni?
• Singayichaphazela njani inkampani yethu ngokwenza iinguqu ezahlukeneyo kwintengiso?

Xa uchonga ubuthathaka benkampani, banokukunceda ubone ukuba busemngciphekweni kangakanani kwaye ungamelana njani nezisongelo zangaphandle ngokuziguqula zibe ngamandla.

Imizekelo ye-matrix ye-SWOT

I-SWOT yobuqu

Ukuqhuba uhlalutyo lomntu, siya kubeka njengomzekelo umfundi kwikhondo laseyunivesithi kwaye siza kulihlalutya ngesi sixhobo:

• Amandla: Uyayazi indlela yokubeka phambili umsebenzi wakhe wasekhaya, unamabanga aphezulu, ajike kwizabelo zakhe ngexesha, uyindlela efanelekileyo kwaye ufika ngexesha xa ufika eklasini.
• AmathubaUnako ukuya kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo okanye kwiinkomfa kwaye ungathatha umsebenzi njengomfundi ngaphakathi eyunivesithi apho ufunda khona.
• Ubuthathaka: Awunabafowunelwa abaninzi, awunawo amava kwicandelo lezabasebenzi, awuqhelanga ukusebenza phantsi koxinzelelo.
• IinkquboUmsebenzi okhethiweyo ukwimfuno ephezulu, indawo ohlala kuyo ayinamathuba amaninzi kwicandelo lomsebenzi wakho kwaye ukhuphiswano olukujikelezileyo luphezulu.

Kubalulekile ukwenza olu hlalutyo rhoqo, kokubini wena kunye nabaqeshwa bakho kunye nabaphathi kuba kuya kukunceda ukuba uzazi ngcono emsebenzini kwaye uya kuzazi iimpawu zobuqu kunye nesimo sengqondo sabantu onabo kwinkampani yakho.

Indlela yokusebenza ihlala ifana, kufuneka uqale uzihlolisise, emva koko ufunde iimpawu zakho ekufuneka uziphucule kwaye zeziphi ezona mpawu zibalaseleyo zokufumanisa amandla akho.

Ishishini SWOT

Njengoko besesitshilo ngaphambili, ukwenza olu hlalutyo kwinkampani yakho kufuneka kuqala ujonge izinto zangaphakathi ezinje ngobuthathaka kunye namandla. Funda onke amasebe okanye iindawo inkampani yakho enazo kwaye uchonge ukuba ngawaphi amanqaku abuthathaka ukuze ube nokuphucula kunye nawoomeleleyo ukuwomeleza.

Masithathe njengomzekelo, ishishini elithengisa izinto ezingasetyenziswanga kwiimoto zeemveliso ezahlukeneyo, kunye neeyure zoncedo lwabathengi ukusukela ngentsimbi ye-9 ukuya kweye-12 ngokuhlwa ukusukela ngentsimbi yesi-2 ukuya kweyesi-4 ngokuhlwa, enomthengisi, umphathi-mali nomntu onika iinkonzo. Eli shishini lithengisa izinto ezingama-200 ukuya kuma-500 ngosuku.

Uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT luya kuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Amandla: Banazo zonke izinto zokungcebeleka ezifunwa ngumthengi.
• Ubuthathaka: Banabasebenzi abambalwa kakhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemihla ngemihla, ishedyuli yomsebenzi emfutshane kakhulu yokugubungela ukuthengisa abanokukwenza suku ngalunye.
• AmathubaIbekwe kufutshane neendawo ezininzi ezithengisa izinto ezithengisa ngazo.
• Iinkqubo: Kukho izindlu ezahlukileyo ezikungqongileyo kwaye zineenxalenye ezifanayo ezivela kule nkampani kwaye ezinye zinamaxabiso asezantsi kakhulu kwintengiso.

Unokuba nomdla kwinqaku elilandelayo elithetha nge Indlela kaBruno Munari.

I-SWOT yemveliso okanye inkonzo

Kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlalutyo olunjengolu lwenziwe kwiimveliso kunye neenkonzo ozibonelelayo, kuba ziya kukunceda ukuba ubazi ngcono kwaye wazi nokuba ungayibonelela njani ngenkonzo engcono yokufikelela phezulu kukhuphiswano.

Njengoko besisoloko sikuxelela kumacandelo angaphambili, kuya kufuneka wenze uhlalutyo lwangaphakathi apho kufuneka uchonge ubuthathaka kunye namandla kuloo nto okanye ezo mveliso okanye inkonzo. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka wenze uhlalutyo lwangaphandle ufunda izoyikiso kunye namathuba anemveliso okanye inkonzo yakho.

Nanku umzekelo indlela yokwenza uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT Kweli candelo kuthatha imveliso kunye / okanye inkonzo:

• Ubuthathaka: Ixabiso eliphezulu, umgangatho ophantsi, akukho zimpawu zenza umahluko, njengoko kungekho nto intsha, ukuhla kwentengiso, akukho ndlela icacisiweyo yokuthengisa.
• Izisongelo: Utshintsho kwimigaqo yezomthetho, utshintsho kwinxalenye yendalo, ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha kwicandelo lobuchwephesha besixeko, isithintelo kwinxalenye yezemali yangaphandle.
• Ukomelela: Imveliso yemveliso yeyophawu oludumileyo, inabaxhasi abasisigxina, isicwangciso sentengiso sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, sinothungelwano oluhle kakhulu lokuhambisa, ihlala ihlaziya kwaye iphucula iimveliso zayo.
• Amathuba: Ubukho beemarike ezintsha zentengiso, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa komthengi ngamnye, kunokuluhlazisa ukhuphiswano, kukho ukuhambelana nezinye iimveliso kunye / okanye neenkonzo.

Ngenisa eli khonkco lilandelayo ukuze wazi ifayile ye- IGartner Quadrant ukuze wenze uphando kwinkampani yakho.

Isishwankathelo

Ukwenza uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT kuya kukubonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya ukwazi ukuba inkampani okanye ishishini liqhuba njani, kunye nabasebenzi abajongene nokuyilawula. Uyakwazi ukuchonga ukuba zeziphi izicwangciso ekufuneka uzilandele ukufezekisa zonke iinjongo zakho ezicetywayo.

Uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT sisixhobo ekufuneka senziwe ngamaxesha ngamaxesha, apho kufuneka siphononongwe rhoqo ngenyanga ukuqinisekisa ukuba izicwangciso ezimiselweyo ziyanceda ukufezekisa iinjongo ezicwangcisiweyo.

Kubalulekile ukuba uhlalutyo lwe-SWOT lwaziwe ngabo bonke abasebenzi abenza ishishini, kuba iyanceda ukufaka igalelo kwezimvo kunye nolwazi ukufikelela kwizicwangciso ezilungileyo.

Ukuze ube nombono ongcono wendlela i-matrix ye-SWOT eyenziwe ngayo, ndiyakumema ukuba ubukele le vidiyo ilandelayo ngononophelo: