El Inkqubo yokusebenza yenethiwekhi, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiNkqubo yokuSebenza yeNethiwekhi, i-NOS okanye i-SOR, kunye nezinye iindlela kodwa zonke zibhekisa kumxholo ofanayo, esiya kuthi siwuphuhlise kulo myalezo.
Yintoni iNkqubo yokuSebenza yeNethiwekhi (NOS) kwaye yintoni ukusetyenziswa kwayo?
El Inkqubo yokusebenza yenethiwekhi Yisoftware umsebenzi wayo awukho omnye ngaphandle kokwenza ukuba kwenzeke ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yekhompyuter, njengeenkqubo zokusebenza esizaziyo nesizisebenzisayo kwiikhompyuter zethu kodwa, njengoko igama libonisa, kwinethiwekhi.
Ngesi sizathu, isivumela ukuba singene kwaye sisebenzise izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezibonelelo ezinokulawulwa kwinethiwekhi, sithatha umzekelo zonke izinto zesoftware kunye nezixhobo (izixhobo zekhompyuter okanye zangaphandle kuyo), idatha evela abasebenzisi, ezinye iinkcukacha kunye nokukhuseleka kolwazi.
Ukuqukumbela, sinokuthi umsebenzi wayo kukuvumela iikhompyuter ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu ukuba zidityaniswe, nokuba kungokwasemzimbeni okanye ngaphandle kwentambo, ukuze kwabelwane ngedatha.
Izinto eziluncedo zenkqubo yokusebenza yenethiwekhi
Apha ngezantsi siza kwalatha nganye kwiimpawu ekwabelwana ngazo zonke ezi nkqubo kwaye zona zithathwa njengezinto eziluncedo ekusebenziseni kwazo:
- Bavumela ukudibanisa zonke izixhobo ezenza uthungelwano. Nokuba zivela kwizinto zekhompyuter okanye izinto zangaphandle kubo, ezinje ngezixhobo eziphathwayo kunye nabanye, ukuba nje zisebenza njengamaseva.
- Banokwabelwana ngazo, oku ukuvumela ukufikelela kwikhompyuter nganye njengoko bavunyelwe. Ngesi sizathu, unekhompyuter ephambili.
- Ungalawula inani labasebenzisi kunye nokufikelela kwabo baya kuba nako.
- Ulawulo olupheleleyo lwedatha kunye nolwazi olufikelelwe ngumsebenzisi ngamnye, kunye nokuthobela imigaqo-nkqubo yezokhuseleko.
- Umsebenzi kwinethiwekhi unokujongwa.
- Inethiwekhi ilawulwa.
- Imisebenzi yenethiwekhi inokulungelelaniswa, oku kubandakanya ezo zichaze isixhobo ngasinye.
Nangona kungeyomfuneko ngokungqongqo, ujongano lukwasetyenziswa rhoqo ukulungiselela ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zabasebenzisi.
Iindidi zeenkqubo zenethiwekhi
Siyazi ukuba zimbini iintlobo ze-NOS esekwe kudityaniso lwe-SOC:
- Enye yazo yeyokudityaniswa kwi-OS enayo ikhompyuter nganye. Ke, nganye yeekhompyuter iya kuba neyayo, ngenxa yokuba inenkqubo yokusebenza. Kukho iindidi ezininzi zee-SOs esele zidibanisa ii-NO zazo. Ezinye zezo zi-Apple kunye neMicrosoft kuzo zombini iidesktops, iilaptops kunye neeseva ezinje ngeWindows, Ifowuni, i-iOS, i-Android kunye nokusasazwa kweLinux.
- Eyesibini iya kuba yi-SOR enokufakwa, nto leyo ingeyiyo isoftware esiya kuyifaka kumthengi, kamva, xa kufuneka unxibelelwano luqhubeke phakathi kweekhompyuter zenethiwekhi, emva koko lukwenza imisebenzi yenethiwekhi.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba sinokwenza udidi lwezinye iintlobo ze-NOS ngokusekwe kunxibelelwano phakathi kwala maqela mabini:
- Sebenzisa kwii-routers: Zifakwe kwi-firewalls kunye nee-routers.
- Uontanga-ntanga: Abasebenzisi bakho babelana ngeefayile kunye nezixhobo kunye. Udinga iseva kwaye iimfuno zekhompyuter ziyisiseko.
- Iseva yabathengi: Luyilo olusivumela ukuba sigxile kwimisebenzi nakwizicelo kwiseva enye okanye ezingaphezulu, ukubanakho emva koko, abathengi abaninzi, ukufikelela kwizibonelelo ezahlukeneyo. Iiseva zizinzile kakhulu, zibonelela ngenqanaba lokhuseleko kwaye zinokufikelela kude ezinye iikhompyuter
Izixhobo zenkqubo yokusebenza yenethiwekhi Ziziphi ezona mpawu zayo ziphambili?
Inkqubo yokusebenza kwenethiwekhi inezinto zilandelayo:
- Iiseva: Ziikhompyuter ezine-NOS. Banemithombo eyahlukeneyo ethi, enkosi ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo yokusebenza yenethiwekhi, kwabelwane ngayo nabathengi kunye nezinye iiseva.
- Abaxhasi: Kule meko, abathengi ziikhompyuter ezinomsebenzisi omnye we-OS kwaye zinxibelelana neeseva, ebeziqinisekisiwe ngaphambili, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinxibelelana phakathi kwazo, kodwa oku kuya kuxhomekeka kulwakhiwo olusetyenzisiweyo. Abathengi banokusebenzisa izixhobo abanikiweyo.
- Imimandla: Idomain ayisiyiyo kwaphela ngaphandle kolawulo lweqela leekhompyuter, apho unakho ukubalawula embindini, Oko kukuthi, kwindawo enye. Iyenziwa nangeenkonzo zayo kunye nezixhobo zayo.
Yahluke njani inkqubo yenethiwekhi kwinkqubo yokusebenza?
Nayiphi na inkqubo yokusebenza yindawo yolawulo lwezinto zesoftware ezibandakanyiweyo kwikhompyuter okanye isixhobo.
Oko kwathiwa, inkqubo yokusebenza ngokubanzi, ngelixa inkqubo yenethiwekhi iya kuba yinkqubo yokusebenza ekhethekileyo, ekusebenziseni iinethiwekhi zonxibelelwano phakathi kweekhompyuter, kuya kuba njalo.
Inkqubo yokusebenza yekhompyuter yethu inegama lokwenyani eliliNkqubo yokuSebenza eseMbindini, kwaye ikwayenye inkqubo yokusebenza esembindini, kule meko, kulawulo lwezixhobo zekhompyuter nganye, ezisebenza ngendlela ekhethekileyo.
Ezinye ze-NOS ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuphucula unxibelelwano phakathi kwezixhobo zenethiwekhi
Ukuze ufumane olona luvo luchanekileyo lwentengiso, kufuneka sijonge ezona SOR zisetyenzisiweyo namhlanje
- LANtastic Artistoft: Yintanga-ntanga, ibaleka kwiWindows, i-DOS kunye ne-OS / 2, ukumiselwa kwayo kulula kakhulu kunye nokugcinwa kwayo, yenye yezona ndlela zibalaseleyo kwabo bangekabi ziingcali.
- Umphathi we-LAN, u-Microsoft: Uninzi lwee-macrocomputer ezicetyiswayo.
- IMicrosoft Windows Server.
- I-Linux yeeseva.
- I-Novell yeNetware
Ukuqukumbela, a Inkqubo yokuSebenza yeNethiwekhi Yisoftware edibanisa izixhobo ezininzi ezakha uthungelwano lwekhompyuter, ezinokulawulwa kwikhompyuter ephambili ekwavumela ukulawula ulwazi olufikelelwe ngomnye wabasebenzisi abayinxalenye yalo.
Ukuba eli nqaku belinomdla kuwe, ndwendwela: Inkqubo yokusebenza yeFreedos