Iinkqubo zokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo, yile nto siza kube sithetha ngayo kweli nqaku liphela kwaye ingantoni le nto intsha. Ke siyakumema ukuba uqhubeke nokufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngesi sihloko sinomdla.
Iinkqubo zokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo
Xa sithenga ikhompyuter, iza nenkqubo yokusebenza efakiweyo okanye kuthi siyifake. Iikhompyuter zinokuqhuba inkqubo yokusebenza ngaxeshanye, yiyo loo nto esivumela ukuba siqhube iinkqubo esizisebenzisayo kwikhompyuter yethu.
Kodwa kukwakho nokwenzeka ukuba kufuneka usebenzise isixhobo esithile kwaye iyahambelana nenye inkqubo yokusebenza ayisiyiyo oyifakileyo. Kule meko xa siza kucinga ngokufaka enye inkqubo yokusebenza kulapho umbono woomatshini ababonakalayo buza kukhanya njengendlela yokusombulula ezi ngxaki zinokudluliselwa ngabasebenzisi kuthi.
Kusenokwenzeka ukuba inani elikhulu labasebenzisi sele linomatshini oqinisekileyo, kodwa abanye abanalo. Ke sizakube sichaza yonke into malunga nabo kwaye uyazi malunga neyona intle iinkqubo zokwenza oomatshini ngokubonakalayo ezikhoyo namhlanje, ukuze ube nolwazi lokuba kukho ezi ntlobo zeenkqubo, ezinokukunceda ukusombulula iingxaki ezithile kuphuhliso lomsebenzi wakho.
Yintoni umatshini obonakalayo?
Le ndawo yindawo apho sinokufaka khona inkqubo yokusebenza esinokuyisebenzisa kwinkqubo yokusebenza ekhompyutheni yakho. Le mimandla ilawula ukulingisa izixhobo zekhompyuter ezinayo kwi-PC, ukuze iziphathe ngokungathi sikwenye ikhompyuter inenye inkqubo yokusebenza efakiweyo.
Inyani ebalulekileyo ngoomatshini ababonakalayo kukuba ekubeni siza kuba neenkqubo ezimbini ezisebenza kwikhompyuter enye ngaxeshanye, umatshini wethu kufuneka abe nezixhobo zokusebenza ezikwaziyo ukuxhasa konke oku ngakumbi i-RAM eninzi, ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ngaphandle kweengxaki ezininzi.
Enye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka siyazi ngaphambi kokuthetha nge iinkqubo eziza kwenziwa oomatshini ababonayoOko kukuthi, ngokuthetha, abasebenzisi ababini kwiikhompyuter zethu, abangaba:
- Umatshini wokubamba okanye wokubamba ngulowo umele izixhobo zomzimba kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza.
- Kwaye undwendwe okanye umatshini weendwendwe onokuba ngumatshini wethu ofakelweyo oya kuthi usebenze ngenkqubo yokusebenza ehambelana nayo.
Eyona nkqubo ilungileyo yokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo
Phakathi kwezona zilungileyo iinkqubo zokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo Sinezinto ezilandelayo esiza kuchaza apha ngezantsi:
VirtualBox
Sesinye sezixhobo ezaziwayo nezisetyenzisiweyo ekwenzeni oomatshini ababonakalayo namhlanje. Le yisoftware ekwiplatform enkulu esinokuthi siyifumane simahla kwiwebhusayithi yayo, eyenza ukuba idume kangaka.
Inenani elikhulu lemisebenzi kunye neeparameter onokuzenza ngokwezifiso, kwaye unethuba lokufaka le nkqubo kumatshini wakho obonakalayo, uyinike imvume eyongezelelweyo ukuze bakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ethile enje:
- Yabelana ngeefayile.
- Yabelana ngeeyunithi.
- Yabelana ngemida, phakathi kwabanye.
Le nkqubo inombonakalo wokuba isebenza kakuhle kwiikhompyuter ezinezixhobo ezindala. Kwakhona, iyakwazi ukufunda uninzi lwezixhobo ze-USB kwaye ikwabonelela ngelayibrari eluncedo kakhulu efumaneka simahla njengebhonasi eyongeziweyo.
Indawo yokusebenzela yeVMWare
Le yenye yeenkqubo ezindala esele zingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 kwintengiso. Oku kuthathelwa ingqalelo sisininzi sabasebenzisi njengesoftware ekubhekiswa kuyo yokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo, kwaye ikwagubungela uluhlu olubanzi lweemfuno kule ndawo.
Inemisebenzi ekunika ithuba lokumisela kunye nokulawula uthungelwano olubonakalayo, kwaye unako ukuphatha iinkqubo ezininzi zokusebenza ngaxeshanye kwaye uzijonge kwinkqubo yakho. Ke kufuneka kuthiwe esi sisixhobo esipheleleyo sokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo.
Desktop Desktop
Le yenye yeenkqubo zokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo kubasebenzisi beMac abafuna ukusebenzisa inkqubo yeWindows yeWindows ukwenza imisebenzi ethile. Kuba le nkqubo ivumela ukusebenzisa iiWindows kunye neMacOS; ecaleni ngokujonga iiWindows kwiikhompyuter zeMacOS.
Esi sixhobo siyakwazi ukuphucula izixhobo zenkqubo kunye nezixhobo zayo ukubonelela ngamava amahle kubasebenzisi bayo, ngokungathi sisebenza kwikhompyuter ebonakalayo nale nkqubo. Ukongeza, inezinto ezininzi kunye nemisebenzi yesi sixhobo ehlawulwayo, ukuze ube nokufikelela kuzo kuya kufuneka uhlawule isixa esithile semali.
IHyper-V
Esi sisixhobo esivela kuMicrosoft uqobo ukwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo. Esi sisixhobo esibonakalayo esifakwe kwiWindows Server 2008 kwaye kamva songezwa kuhlelo lwePro kunye noShishino lweWindows 8 kunye Windows 10 ngamabhithi angama-64.
Ngesi sixhobo awuzukusebenzisa abantu besithathu, kuba unethuba lokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo ngeWindows ngayo nayiphi na enye inkqubo enje ngeMacOS okanye iLinux. Ukuqwalaselwa kunye nokulawulwa kwale nkqubo akukho lula njengakwezinye iindlela.
PKodwa ngolwazi oluncinci ekusetyenzisweni kwezi zixhobo, ngokuqinisekileyo ngekhe ubenangxaki yokufumana yonke into oyifunayo, ke lolukhetho oluhle kakhulu ekufuneka uluthathile ingqalelo.
Windows Sandbox
Le nkqubo ikwafumaneka ngaphakathi kweWindows, oku kuyindlela yokusebenza yeHiper-V esivumela ukuba silingise uhlobo lwenkqubo yethu yokusebenza ngendlela elula. Ngale ndlela ikunika indlela ekhuselekileyo yokusebenzisa imeko ebonakalayo kunye nenkqubo yethu yokusebenza.
Apho sinelungelo lokuba sivavanye zonke iintlobo zezicelo ezikrokrisayo ngesiqinisekiso sokuba asizukungcolisa izixhobo zethu nangayiphi na indlela, kuba nasiphi na isicelo osifakayo sinokuba neentsholongwane, kwaye ezi azizukushiya umatshini oqinisekileyo ukuze ube izixhobo zakho zomzimba ezikhuselekileyo ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye ngokucima umatshini obonakalayo yonke into iya kuba icocekile kwakhona, ke awuyi kuqhuba naluphi na uhlobo lomngcipheko.
IQuemu
Le yenye inkqubo yokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo ekufuneka ubathathile, kuba sisicelo seplatform ezininzi kwaye sisebenza kwiWindows, MacOS kunye neLinux. Nangona kufuneka sitsho ukuba yenye yezona zikhethiweyo ngabasebenzisi beLinux, le yenye indlela ekhululekile nayo esinokuyikhuphela kwiwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni.
Phakathi kwemisebenzi enayo le ekufuneka siyibonisile kukuba ibonelela ngokusebenza okuhle, okucebisa ukuba sinokuba kwikhompyuter ebonakalayo endaweni yokusebenzisa umatshini obonakalayo. Kungenxa yokuba xa le nkqubo iqhutywa, ikhowudi yenkqubo yeendwendwe ihanjiswa ngqo kwizixhobo zokubamba. Unokuba nomdla yintoni iAPN.
xen
Esi sisixhobo sasimahla esivulelekileyo esinokukhuphela ngokuthe ngqo kwiwebhusayithi yayo. Kwaye le nkqubo yenzelwe ikakhulu ukusetyenziswa kweshishini, okanye abo basebenzisi abakhangela ukusebenza okuphezulu kwiindawo zolu hlobo ngolawulo olukhuselekileyo lwezixhobo zokubamba.
Ngombulelo kubume bayo, esi sisisombululo esiguquguqukayo kwaye senzelwe uninzi lwabasebenzisi enye yezona ndlela zikhuselekileyo nezithembekileyo esinokuzifumana simahla. Umzekelo, inkampani edumileyo i-Intel ibincedile kule projekthi yongeza inkxaso kwezinye zezongezo zayo nangona iyinkqubo yemithombo evulekileyo.
I-DosBox
Esi sisixhobo sokwenza umatshini obonakalayo kwinkqubo endala njenge-MS-DOS. Le nkqubo isivumela ukuba sibuyele emva xa eyona nkqubo yokusebenza yayikule nto. Uyazibuza ukuba ngubani oya kuba nomdla wokwenza oku? Impendulo yile, abalandeli bomdlalo wobuntwana, kuba iikhompyuter zazisencinci kwaye ngale nto unokonwaba ngemidlalo ethile kwaye uqhube iinkqubo ezindala ezifuna le nkqubo.
I-KMV
Le itekhnoloji evulelekileyo yemithombo yolwazi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi kwinkqubo yeLinux. Ngale nto ungabaleka indawo ezizezinye kwiLinux ngendlela efanayo enokwenziwa kwiWindows. Phakathi kwezibonelelo eziphambili kule nkqubo kukuba ifumana uhlaziyo ngaxeshanye nenkqubo ngokwayo.
Oku kubonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle, kuba umatshini ngamnye obonakalayo owenziweyo uphunyezwa njengenkqubo enye kwaye usebenzisa izixhobo zekhompyuter ezenziwe ngokusetyenziswa kwiPC yethu.
Ikhempu yebhuthi
Esi sisoftware eyenziwe luphawu lweApple kwaye iza ngokwendalo kuzo zonke iiMac ukunceda ukuqhuba enye inkqubo yokusebenza kwiikhompyuter ezivela kolu hlobo, esekwe eCupertino. Ukusebenza koku kwahlukile kuba kusivumela ukuba senze ukusasazwa kwehard disk ukuze sikwazi ukufaka, umzekelo, iiWindows.
Kule meko asizukuqhuba umatshini obonakalayo, kuba xa sivula iMac yethu izakusixelela ukuba zeziphi iinkqubo esiza kuzisebenzisa. Olu khetho lubalaseleyo kwabo banesixhobo seApple kodwa kufuneka babe neWindows ngamanye amaxesha.
Ke oku kunokuqwalaselwa njengomatshini obonakalayo, kodwa ngaphandle kokulinganisa nantoni na, kuba uneenkqubo zombini ezisebenzayo kwikhompyuter yakho.
umntu
Le yinkqubo yokwenza umatshini obonakalayo we-MacOS esivumela ukuba sibe neLinux okanye iiWindows kwikhompyuter yethu ye-Apple. Kule meko, ingxelo ehlawulelweyo iya kusivumela ukuba silingise iiWindows, nangona sinokuba nezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza ezinje:
- Linux
- I-Debian.
- ubuntu.
Ukongeza, ukuba singabelana ngeefayile phakathi kwezi nkqubo zimbini zisebenzayo ngalo mzuzu. Ngethuba nje bexhunyiwe kwinethiwekhi efanayo.
Docker
Le nkqubo iza kulungelelanisa izikhongozeli, kuba nganye kwezi iya kuba nenkqubo yokusebenza esekwe kwaye ngokubanzi yinkqubo efakiweyo.
Ke ngoko, sinokukhetha isikhongozeli esikukhonza ngcono, sineWindows kwenye, iLinux phakathi kwabanye. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zeenkqubo eziza kukunceda wenze imizobo, ndiza kukushiya le khonkco ilandelayo Iinkqubo zesikim.
Iimpawu zomatshini obonakalayo
Indima ye iinkqubo zokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo kwikhompyuter ukuze iilebhu ezintsha ezibonakalayo zivele. Ukusukela umatshini obonakalayo uya kusetyenziswa xa sifuna ukuvavanya usetyenziso okanye ukulihlaziya elinokubangela umonakalo kwinkqubo yokusebenza yekhompyuter yakho.
Iindidi zoomatshini ababonakalayo
Phakathi kweentlobo zoomatshini abakhoyo kwezi zilandelayo:
Inkqubo yoomatshini ebonakalayo
Lo matshini ubonakalayo uza kuvumela i-physics ukuba imelwe phakathi koomatshini abaliqela, kusetyenziswa isoftware ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypervisor. Oku kunokuqhutywa kwizixhobo zekhompyutha okanye kwinkqubo yokusebenza, ngaloo ndlela kusenziwa ukuba umatshini ngamnye obonakalayo asebenzise inkqubo yawo yokusebenza.
Iinkqubo zoomatshini ezibonakalayo
Lo ngumatshini obonakalayo onokuxhasa kuphela inkqubo enye ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yokusebenza. Lo matshini uqala xa inkqubo ofuna ukuyenza iqala kwaye iyema xa igqibile.
Iimpawu zomatshini obonakalayo
Phakathi kweempawu eziza kuba nazo oomatshini abanoku kulandelayo:
- Ezi zinokwahlula okuvumela ukuba iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza ziqhutywe ngaphakathi kumatshini ofanayo kunye nokuba izixhobo zihanjiswa phakathi kweenkqubo zomatshini ezibonakalayo.
- Inikezela ngokwahlulwa ngokubonelela ngokhuseleko lomgangatho wehardware kunye nokuzimela kwimeko yosilelo, kunye nokukhusela ukusebenza kwezixhobo ngolawulo lwezixhobo oluphambili.
- Encapsulation, oko kuthetha ukuba ukugcinwa kwemeko epheleleyo yekhompyuter ebonakalayo iqinisekisiwe kwiifayile ezinokuhanjiswa kwaye zinokukopa oomatshini ababonakalayo ngokulula njengeefayile.
- Ukuzimela kwehardware luphawu oluyinxalenye yolu hlobo lwenkqubo, kuba ibonelela ukuba nawuphi na umatshini obonakalayo unokuhanjiswa nakweyiphi na iseva ebonakalayo.
Izinto eziluncedo nezingalunganga kwiinkqubo zokwenza oomatshini ababonakalayo
Phakathi kwezibonelelo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga oomatshini ababonakalayo abanazo, sinokukhankanya oku kulandelayo ngezantsi:
Inzuzo
- Oku kusivumela ukuba sibe neendlela ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yokusebenza ezinokubakho ngaxeshanye kumatshini omnye, kodwa zahlulwe omnye komnye.
- Umatshini obonakalayo unesakhiwo esahlukileyo sokuyalela kunekhompyuter yokwenyani.
- Ulondolozo luthe ngqo, njengoko kubonelelwa ngokubonelelwa kwesicelo kunye nokulungela ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.
- Inokuphatheka kuba ungayisebenzisa nakweyiphi na ikhompyuter oyifunayo ngendlela ekhuselekileyo.
- Kwinqanaba leshishini, zibangela ukonga uqoqosho kunye nendawo, kuba awudingi zindawo zomzimba
- Kuba awunazo izixhobo zomzimba ezibonakalayo, akuyomfuneko ukuba ukhathazeke ngomonakalo onokubangelwa kukufaka inkqubo enokubangela ikhompyuter.
- Ngale nto unokuzama iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo kwaye ukuba awuzithandi, ukuzicima nje kukwanele.
- Olu hlobo lomatshini lusindisa ukugcinwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Iingxaki
- Xa oomatshini abaninzi benyani beqhuba ngaxeshanye, ukusebenza okungazinzanga kuyenzeka. Oko kuyakuxhomekeka kumthwalo womsebenzi onesixokelelwano koomatshini abasebenzayo abasebenzayo.
- Xa ufuna ukungena kwi-hardware ayisebenzi kakuhle.
- Oku kunokubonisa ukusilela okuthile.
- Oomatshini ababonakalayo banokutya izixhobo ezininzi.
- Oku kuhamba kancinci.
Kule vidiyo uya kufumana indlela yokukhuphela bonke oomatshini obafunayo. Endicinga ukuba iluncedo olukhulu ukuze ukwazi ukuzama eyona ilungele iimfuno zakho. Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku liza kusombulula onke amathandabuzo onawo kwaye sisebenzise lonke ulwazi olunomdla esabelana ngalo.
https://youtu.be/sPGmwsXZ9XY