Phambi kwamalungu okanye iinxalenye zelaptop okanye ikhompyuter yedesktop; kubalulekile ukuba uchaze ngokufutshane ukuba yintoni ikhompyuter. Ayisiyonto ngaphandle komatshini, ovumela ukusebenza kunye nokubala ukuba kwenziwe, oku akuyenzi ukuba ibe ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwekhalityhuleyitha. Sinokukhetha phakathi kwePC okanye iMac, kodwa ekugqibeleni ngumbandela wokhetho lomntu ngamnye.
Khumbula ukuba igama elithi PC lithetha iKhompyuter yobuqu (ikhompyuter yakho). Uphendula kwiimfuno zomsebenzisi. Umsebenzisi angayenza isebenze kwaye anxibelelane nayo ngezixhobo zepheripherali. Ezi khomputha, ngokungangqinelani kwezinye khomputha Zikhona ngelo xesha, zazenziwe ngezinto ekulula ukuziphinda.
Okwangoku, iPC (iApple okanye iMicrosoft) iselolona hlobo lusetyenziswayo lweekhompyuter ngokuchaseneyo neekhompyuter ze-80s.Kwakhona kukho neekhompyuter zezicelo ezithile, ezinje ngeekhompyuter ebhodini kwideshibhodi yemoto.
Iinxalenye zekhompyuter kunye nokuba zezantoni
Iindawo zangaphandle
Yonke idesktop, idesktop, inqaba okanye iikhompyuter zekhompyuter zenziwe ngendlela efanayo:
- Iscreen.
- Ikhibhodi.
- Imouse okanye i-trackpad (i-tile ephathekayo) yee-laptops (eziqhelekileyo kwii-laptops ezifana ne-Dell laptop).
- Icandelo eliphambili, intliziyo nengqondo yekhompyuter.
Iscreen sekhompyuter
Isikrini yinxalenye yekhompyuter eya kubonisa umxholo. Ke ngoko, yinxalenye yomdibaniso womatshini womntu. Ngombulelo kwiscreen, umsebenzisi unokusebenzisana nekhompyuter. Xa ikhibhodi icinezelwe kwaye kusetyenziswa imouse, iyavela kwiscreen kwaye idatha iyaboniswa.
Isikrini sinokuhluka ngobukhulu. Oku kubalwa ngee-intshi kwi-diagonal. Kwilaptop kunokwenzeka ukuba ubumbane kakhulu-i-intshi ezili-10. Iikhompyuter ezilungisiweyo ziqala nge-intshi ye-15 kwaye zinokufikelela kwii-intshi ezingama-27 okanye nangaphezulu ukuba umsebenzisi uthatha isigqibo sokukhetha isikrini sikamabonwakude.
Izisombululo kunye namaxabiso ayahluka: kwiscreen se-intshi ezingama-24, umzekelo, isisombululo ziiphikseli ze-1920 x 1080, oko kukuthi, inkcazo ephezulu. Ibonisa ukudibanisa kwi-VGA, DVI okanye kwi-HDMI.
Ikhibhodi yekhompyutha
Ikuvumela ukuba ubhale isicatshulwa kwaye unxibelelane nekhompyuter. Iibhodi yezitshixo zihlala zinezitshixo ezilikhulu: iileta zoonobumba, amanani, iiakhawunti kunye nezitshixo ezizodwa. Yinzala yomatshini wokuchwetheza. Ikhibhodi ye-usb yelaptop ayinakubaninzi kakhulu xa kunokwenzeka iziphethe enye ephethe enye.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zebhodibhodi, umzekelo, i-wired okanye i-wireless, kunye okanye ngaphandle kwekhiphedi yamanani, kunye nemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo, phakathi kwabanye.
Iibhodi ezingafaniyo ngokolwimi. Umzekelo, iUnited States kunye namanye amazwe amaninzi asebenzisa ikhibhodi QWERTY.
Impuku yekhompyuter
Oku kukuvumela ukuba uhambise isikhombisi (utolo) kwiscreen. Ke ngoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukhombe izinto kwiscreen kwaye uzikhethe ngokunqakraza.
Iimpuku zinenzwa yokufuduka, zihlala zi-optical okanye i-laser namhlanje. Kuyenzeka ukuba ube nempuku engenazingcingo (kufuneka uqhagamshele isamkeli esingenazingcingo kwizibuko le-USB kwikhompyuter yakho kwaye uyihlawulise amaxesha ngamaxesha). Kwiilaptops, imouse ayinyanzelekanga: kukho i-trackpad okanye ikhibhodi yokubamba eyenzayo.
Imouse inamaqhosha amabini okucofa, ucofa kabini okanye ucofe ekunene kunye nevili ukuskrolela ezantsi kwiphepha lewebhu okanye ukuqhubekeka kwamagama.
Icandelo eliphambili lekhompyuter
Ityala elinazo zonke izixhobo ze-elektroniki eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kwekhompyuter. Ikhibhodi, imouse kunye nescreen ziyaqhagamshelwa. Umzekelo, idiski / i-CD-Rom ifakwe kwintloko.
Okwangoku, ayinguye wonke umntu onekhompyuter esembindini: yonke into iqokelelwe emva kwescreen, njengoko kunjalo ngeMac okanye phantsi kwekhibhodi, njengoko kunjalo nakwiilaptops.
Icandelo eliphakathi liqukethe iprosesa (ingqondo), i-hard drive (imemori), ibhodi yomama (umqolo), kunye namandla (intliziyo nemiphunga).
Iindawo zangaphakathi zekhompyuter
Azibonakali ngaphandle, kodwa kuyafuneka ukuba uvule imeko yekhompyuter ukuze ufumane zonke izinto ze-elektroniki eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kwayo. Ke, izinto zekhompyuter aziphelelanga kwinto oyibonayo:
- Inkqubo (Inkqubo ye-Intel, iprosesa ye-AMD, iprosesa ye-Intel Core, microprocessor).
- I-hard drive yangaphakathi (i-SSD hard drive)
- Ibhodi yomama (ibhodi ye-motherboard ye-ddr4, i-Intel i5 motherboard, i-Socket motherboard okanye i-MSI motherboard)
- Ibhloko yamandla
- Imemori ye-RAM (inkumbulo yegusha ye-16gb ye-pc iyacetyiswa).
- Ikhadi lemizobo, ikhadi lesandi kunye ikhadi lenethiwekhi (Isetyenziselwa ukuqhagamshela kwi-intanethi).
Inkqubo yekhompyuter
Inkqubo yangaphakathi okanye i-CPU (ICandelo eliPhakathi lokuSebenzaIngqondo yekhompyuter. Ukusukela oko, ilungiselela ukutshintshiselana ngedatha phakathi kwezinto eziyinkumbulo ye-RAM (njenge-ddr3 4gb memory memory ye-laptop, njl. Njl.
Eyona misebenzi iphambili yile:
- Funda idatha kwimemori.
- Phatha idatha.
- Bhala idatha kwimemori.
Iprosesa yekhompyuter ilawula ukubala, ke ngoko, ivumela umsebenzisi ukuba asebenzisane nekhompyuter kwaye abonise inkqubo kwiscreen. Okwangoku, iprosesa inokufikelela kwi-3 Ghz kwaye ezinye iikhompyuter zineeprosesa ezininzi.
Banokulungisa amawaka ezigidi zedatha ngomzuzwana kwaye benze izibalo ezinkulu ezivumela isayensi kunye neyeza ukuba ziqhubele phambili ngokukhawuleza. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amandla ekhompyuter ahlala kwiprosesa ekhethiweyo.
Ikhompyutha hard drive
Yimemori yekhompyuter. Umsebenzi wawo kukugcina idatha yekhompyuter. Idiski enzima iqulethe iinkqubo ezifakiweyo, idatha yobuqu yomsebenzisi kunye nenkqubo yeWindows, ye-MacOS okanye yeLinux, phakathi kwabanye.
Gcina ulwazi kwifom yokubini. Namhlanje banako ukugcina idatha yeTerabytes (1024 Gigabytes), ehambelana namakhulu amawaka ezithombe, amawaka emiboniso bhanyabhanya kunye nezigidi zamaxwebhu okubhaliweyo.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuba nzima:
- Okuqhelekileyo: Banamalungu oomatshini, kubandakanya intloko yokufunda ekhomba kwiidiski zemagneti, yiyo loo nto ifunda kwaye ibhale idatha.
- SSD: Akukho zixhobo zoomatshini, bafunda idatha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ngaphandle: ukwenza ikopi yogcino lwekhompyuter kunye ne-hard drive yayo yangaphakathi.
- I-motherboard okanye i-motherboard yekhompyuter.
Eli lelona candelo liphambili leyunithi esembindini. Igxininisa kwaye isebenze idatha etshintshisanayo ngaphakathi kwikhompyuter isebenzisa iprosesa eqhotyoshelwe kuyo. Ngenxa yoko, isebenzisa inethiwekhi, i-hard drive, imouse, izibuko le-USB kunye nebhodi yezitshixo. Inkxaso apho onke amacandelo ekhompyuter adityaniswe khona.
Ibhodi yomama yisekethe eprintiweyo edibanisa i-chipset (iseti yezinto eziqinisekisa lonke ulawulo lwebhodi yomama). Ezi zinto ziqhotyoshelwe ngqo kwibhodi yomama. Ke ngoko, ibhodi yomama iyalela ubuchwephesha beeprosesa kunye neenkumbulo ezinokufakwa apho.
I-motherboard ye-Intel i7 iya kuba yinto efanelekileyo okanye ibhodi yomama ye-gamer nayo, ukuba uyayithanda imidlalo yevidiyo; Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufumane malunga namaphepha okwakha i-pc ye-gamer ukuba kunjalo ufuna ukwakha i-pc yakho.
Isitena samandla sekhompyuter (itshaja)
Ewe, ngaphandle kombane, akukho nto isebenza. Unikezelo lwamandla ekhompyuter yimeko. Eli bhloko liguqula kwaye linike amandla ayimfuneko kwibhodi yomama.
I-RAM yekhompyuter
I-RAM (iMemori yokuFikelela ngokungaqhelekanga) isetyenziswa yiprosesa. Idatha igcinwa ngelixa kusenziwa inkqubo. Phakathi kwabo sinokufumana inkumbulo yegusha yelaptop ye-dell, imemori ye-ddr3 2gb yegusha ye-pc, inkumbulo yenkunzi yegusha yeelaptop ze-asus, phakathi kwabanye.
Izinto ezithile kule ngxelo zezi:
- Isantya sokufikelela.
- Inqaku lokwexeshana: idatha ilahlekile emva kokuba icinyiwe ikhompyuter.
Ikhadi levidiyo lekhompyuter
Kwimidlalo, ikhadi elibonakalayo elibalulekileyo libalulekile. Ke ikhadi levidiyo liya kuba luncedo ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa ikhompyuter yakho ukudlala imidlalo. Ikhadi levidiyo le-gt 1030 liyacetyiswa ukuba awazi ukuba ukhethe eyiphi na imeko xa ujonge ukwakha ikhompyuter.
Izixhobo zekhompyuter
Ngoku, ukuqukumbela ngawo onke amalungu enza ikhompyuter. Kuyenzeka ukongeza izixhobo ezininzi kwikhompyuter ukuze usebenzise onke amathuba:
- Umshicileli (inokuba ngumshicileli weDell, hp 110 umshicileli, phakathi kwabanye).
- Iskena.
- Ikhamera yewebhu (ihlala idityaniswa kwiscreen).
- Unxibelelwano lwe-Intanethi olunentambo okanye iWi-Fi.
- Imakrofoni kwi-pc adaptha.
- Iinkumbulo ze-USB (inkumbulo ye-adata usb, imemori ye-usb ye-kingston 16gb, phakathi kwabanye).
- Imemori khadi.
- Izithethi zekhompyuter.
- Umlawuli womdlalo (uqheleke kakhulu kwii-PC ze-gamer) kunye nee-headphone ze-gamer.
- Iadaptha yedrayivu ye-USB.
- Umdlali weDVD wangaphandle weLaptop.