Indlela yokukhetha intambo yenethiwekhi. Ngaba uyazi yonke into ngentambo yenethiwekhi? Iintambo zenethiwekhi zidlulisa imiqondiso yombane kwimigama emide kwaye zihlelwa ngokwe ubuninzi bexesha ukuba zixhasa, ngokusekwe kwimigangatho yobugcisa kunye neempawu ezithile, ezinje ngomgangatho wezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Le migangatho kufuneka ilandelwe ngabavelisi, kwaye iintambo zenethiwekhi yokuvelisa zinzima ngakumbi ngaphandle kweentambo zobhedu eziqhelekileyo, kuba olu hlobo lwezixhobo kufuneka lusebenze ngokufanelekileyo kumaza aphezulu, ngaphandle kokuncitshiswa komqondiso okanye ukuphazamiseka kwimbane.
Kule nkqubo yokuvelisa, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekubonakaleni kokungcola, amaqamza kunye nokubanjwa kwezibini zeentambo, into ebalulekileyo kwisiphumo esonelisayo. Kodwa,Indlela yokukhetha intambo yenethiwekhi efanelekileyo Ukugcwala kwedatha ngokwe-IP protocol? Ngaba iintambo zothungelwano ezifumanekayo kwimarike ziyahambelana nemfuno yeemveliso ezintsha eziqaliswe namhlanje?
Jonga, kweli nqaku, yonke into enxulumene nentambo yenethiwekhi: Iindidi zekhebula ezikhoyo, usetyenziso kunye neempawu zazo ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ngaphambi kokuthenga iimveliso ukunqanda ukufaka izinto ezikumgangatho othandabuzekayo.
Uyikhetha njani intambo yenethiwekhi: Iindidi
Kukho imigangatho yentambo yenethiwekhi eliqela kwimarike, etshintsha ngokuphindaphindiweyo, oko kukuthi, isantya sokudlulisa yedatha exhaswa yimathiriyeli, kunye nokukwazi ukugcina ukusebenza konikezelo kwimeko yeengxaki. Ngaphandle koku, kuncinci okutshiweyo malunga nesona sicelo sigqibeleleyo kudidi ngalunye kunye namakhaka abo, njengoko siza kubona ngezantsi.
Nangona iintambo zeCandelo 1, 2, kunye ne-4 zingakhuthazwa yi-TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) kwaye ke ngoko azisaveliswa, Iintambo ze-Model 3 zisasetyenziswa kulwakhiwo lwezixhobo zefowuni: yayizintambo zokuqala ezijijekileyo eziphuhlisiweyo kwaye zibandakanya ubuncinci imicu engama-24 ngemitha nganye (inani lemigca itshintsha ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka phakathi kweentambo).
Ukufumana udidi lwentambo, jonga nje ulwazi olucwangcisiweyo ngaphandle. Kule posi sichaza, ngokubanzi, ezinye ze ezona zigaba zisetyenziswayo kwiiprojekthi: Ikati5, iKati5e kunye neKati6.
Cat5 network cable
Oku owona mgangatho mdala yeentambo zenethiwekhi, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kuthungelwano lwasekhaya. Isantya sokudluliswa kwedatha sayo siphakathi kwe-10Mbps kunye ne-100Mbps, kodwa, okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa kolu hlobo lwentambo kuye ithathelwe indawo ngumgangatho weCat5e, exhasa isantya esiphezulu esifunwa kukuvela kwesixhobo.
Intambo yenethiwekhi yeCat5e
Le yile Inguqulelo ephuculweyo yemodeli yeCat5. Intambo yeCat5e yenzelwe ukuxhasa i-visantya ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000 Mbps, ukunciphisa uphazamiseko lwezixhobo kunye nokunciphisa ukulahleka komqondiso.
Olu phuculo lwenze ukuba kube lula ukusebenzisa iintambo ezinde, phantse kufutshane nexesha langoku leemitha ezili-100. Ke ngoko, kubonisiwe kufakelo lwasekhaya nolomdibaniso.
Cat6 network cable
Kule nguqulo, inqanaba lokuphazamiseka liphantsi, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, umgangatho unokuxhasa isantya ukuya kwi-10 yeeGigabits kunye nokuhamba rhoqo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-250 MHz.
Uthungelwano lwasekhaya alunakulindeleka ukuba lusebenzise ngokupheleleyo amandla alo modeli wentambo, ke olona hlobo lusebenzayo lwenzeka kwiindawo apho umgama wokugubungela ityhubhu ungaphezulu kweemitha ezili-10 ukuya kwiimitha ezingama-55.
Iskimu sokunyuka kwentambo yenethiwekhi ye-FTP CAT5 ekhuselweyo kwinqanaba le-568B iukujongana nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zeaudiyo nevidiyo oguqula isiginali ibe yintambo ye-CAT5.
Udidi 6a lwenzelwe ukuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwe iintambo zenethiwekhi ukuya kuthi ga kwiimitha ezili-100 kuthungelwano lwe-10G, kuba bayavuma amaza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-500 MHz kwaye badibanisa amanyathelo anciphisa ukulahleka komqondiso kunye nokubonakala kongenelelo. phakathi koontanga, ebizwa ngokuba yi-crosstalk.
Elinye lala manyathelo yayikukuhamba umgama kwizibini kusetyenziswa isithuba, esonyusa ubungakanani bekhebula nge-2,3 mm (ukusuka kwi-5,6 mm ukuya kwi-7,9 mm), ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwayo.
Yintoni ukhuselo lwentambo yenethiwekhi?
Enye into ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha intambo yenethiwekhi kukhuselo olwenziwe kwimathiriyeli. Kungenxa yokuba iyimfuneko ukuvavanya kwangaphambili kokusingqongileyo, Ukuchonga imithombo enokubakho yokuphazamiseka ekusasazeni imiqondiso. Oku kwenza ukuba zilungele usetyenziso kufutshane nee-eriyali zothumelo kunye neenethiwekhi zombane.
Iintambo ezingasetyenziswanga zihlala ziguquguquka kwaye kulula ukuzikrwemza. Ngesi sizathu, ziyafikeleleka kwaye ziyaziwa kwintengiso. Kukho iimodeli ezininzi zentambo yenethiwekhi ekhuselweyo, ehlelwe ngohlobo lwekhaka, njengoko kuchaziwe ngezantsi.
I-UTP: Intambo engabiyelwanga
Kwixesha elidlulileyo bekungekho mgangatho weentambo zokuluka. Kungenxa yokuba ibango lokuhambisa lalikhona kuphela kwimiqondiso yelizwi. Le nyani itshintshiwe kunye nokubekwa emgangathweni kwezobugcisa ekwenziweni kweentambo zenethiwekhi.
Okwangoku, kuyimfuneko ukunika inkonzo yothungelwano ukuya kuthi ga kwi-megabits eyi-10.000 kwaye, ukunyusa ukuhanjiswa kunye nokuthintela ukuphazamiseka, kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokudibanisa isibini: isignali efanayo ithunyelwa kwisibini ngasinye, kodwa i-polarity ibuyiselwe umva.
I-FTP: Cunakho isibini esikhuselweyo
Iintambo zezi zisebenzisa i ukukhusela okulula: Isinyithi esincinci sentsimbi okanye ialuminium alloy, izinto ezibandakanya zonke iiperi zeentambo, ukuzikhusela kungenelelo lwangaphandle.
STP: Ikhuselekile intambo yokujija edibeneyo
Kule modeli, iintambo zisebenzisa Ukhuselo lomntu ngamnye kwizixhobo zombini. Oku kunciphisa i-crosstalk kwaye kuphucula ukunyamezelana kwentambo kumgama, onokusetyenziswa kwiimeko apho iintambo ezingekho semgangathweni zifuna ukukrwitshwa, ngaphezulu kweemitha ezili-100.
I-SFTP: Intambo ejijekileyo ekhuselweyo ngokupheleleyo
Iintambo zolu hlobo hlanganisa ukukhusela komntu ngamnye kwisibini ngasinye seentambo ngesikhuselo sangaphandle sesibini, esisongela zonke ii-braids, ibenza ukuba bamelane ikakhulu nokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle. Ke ngoko, iintambo ze-SFTP zilungele iimeko kunye neziganeko eziphezulu zokugqwetha.
Ukusetyenziswa kweentambo ezikhuselweyo kufuneka kudityaniswe nezihlanganisi ezikhuselweyo ze-RJ-45, ezikhusela indawo engatshixwanga yentambo ngaphakathi kwesinxibelelanisi.
Indlela yokukhetha intambo yenethiwekhi esemgangathweni
Ukhetho akufuneki lusekwe kukuphakama kwemodeli. Ezona ntambo ziphambili zisemgangathweni, kunye nokuba kubiza kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukufumana. Kuya kufuneka ukhethe ezifanelekileyo ukulungiselela injongo yazoNgaphandle koko, kwenzeka ntoni ngeentambo zeCat6 kuthungelwano lwe-gigabit ezili-10 kuya kuthi kwenzeke, kuba umgama wabo ubuncitshisiwe waba ziimitha ezingama-55, kwathathelwa indawo ngumgangatho oyi-6a.
Njengalo naluphi na uhlobo lwemveliso, kukho iintambo womnatha elungileyo, ezihambelana nemigangatho echaziweyo yentengiso, kunye neentambo ezinokusebenza kakubi, kuba izinto zabo zitshintshiwe ngumvelisi ukunciphisa iindleko zabo.
Ngelishwa, ngaphandle kweemitha ezithile, Kunzima ukubona iintambo ezikumgangatho ophantsi. Kule meko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe kuphela iimveliso ezithembakeleyo, eziveliswa ziinkampani ezinembali elungileyo yokufumana kunye nokwamkelwa kwimveliso yazo.