Ukuze isistimu yekhompiyutha isebenze kahle, kokubili izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zayo kanye nesofthiwe yayo kufanele kusebenze ndawonye ukuze ikwazi ukwenza izenzo eziceliwe kubo. Kunomehluko ophawulekayo phakathi kwazo, kodwa zombili ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zemishini yekhompyutha. Yingakho kokuthunyelwe kwanamuhla sizobhekana nenkinga ye-hardware vs. software.
Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi abantu abanolwazi oluncane lwamakhompiyutha nawo wonke lo mhlaba imibuzo ephindaphindwa kakhulu yilena; Iyini i-hardware ne-software? Zihluke kanjani?Iyini imisebenzi yazo? Nokho, zonke izici ezibalulekile zale miqondo yomibili zizohlukaniswa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo namuhla.
Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha nesoftware zibalulekile
Njengoba sesibonisile, yomibili imiqondo iyadingana, kodwa ihluke ngokuphelele komunye nomunye. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isoftware idinga ihadiwe ukuze ikwazi ukusebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlelo. Ngenkathi ihadiwe idinga isoftware ukuthi ikwazi ukusebenzisa noma yiziphi izakhi zayo ezibonakalayo.
Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, singaqhathanisa isofthiwe nemisipha uhlobo lomuntu olunayo futhi i-hardware ingaba amathambo, ngakho bobabili bayadingana. Yomibili imiqondo ihlobene kakhulu, kodwa kusobala ukuthi kunomehluko ophawulekayo phakathi kwayo.
Yini ihadiwe?
Sizoqala ekuqaleni futhi lokho kungukuchaza ukuthi uyini umqondo ngamunye nokuthi iyini imisebenzi yawo esemqoka.
Okokuqala, i-hardware, njengoba negama layo libonisa, isethi yezingcezu ezibonakalayo uhlelo lwekhompyutha olunalo. Noma yini eye yafana, wonke amadivaysi nezinto ezibonakalayo ezakha ikhompuyutha, zonke izesekeli.
I-Hardware yiyona okuphakathi nendawo lapho noma iyiphi isofthiwe ifakiwe futhi isetshenziswa. Okusho ukuthi, uma kungekho kulezi zici ezimbili ezikhona, amakhompyutha abengeke enze kanjalo nawo.
Eminyakeni edlule, i-hardware ibilokhu ithuthuka ngokuqhubekayo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo, i-hardware esekelwe kumasekhethi ahlanganisiwe asetshenziswa. Ayihlangene naleyo eyavela okokuqala kulabo esinabo namuhla.
Izingxenye zehadiwe eziyisisekelo
Nakuba zonke izingxenye ezakha i-hardware zibalulekile ukuze ikhompuyutha, iselula nanoma iyiphi enye isistimu isebenze kahle, ohlwini olulandelayo. sesizoqamba okuyizo eziphambili.
- Ibhodi lomama: unesibopho sokusebenzisa nokuxhumanisa ingxenye ngayinye yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingaba nenjongo yokwenza eminye imisebenzi eyisisekelo yezinye izakhi. Kungaba njengobuchopho bethu kithi.
- Imemori ye-RAM: inkumbulo yesikhashana yokugcina yomsebenzi owenziwa ngesikhathi esinembile. Uma i-RAM eyengeziwe, imisebenzi eminingi esingayenza.
- Iyunithi yokucubungula emaphakathi: ingxenye ebalulekile enesibopho sokuhumusha nokwenza ama-oda ahlukene kanye nokucubungula idatha.
- Ikhadi lemifanekiso: Unesibopho, kanye nesikrini, ngokusibonisa ulwazi olucutshungulwayo ohlelweni. Amanye amabhodi omama anekhadi lezithombe elakhelwe ngaphakathi. Kodwa ukuze kusebenze kangcono, kuhle ukuyishintsha.
- Ukunikezwa kwamandla: Inesibopho sokuguqula i-alternating yamanje ibe eyamanje eqondile. Lapho amandla e-PC yethu ephakama, ayanda ukusetshenziswa kwama-watts ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ukunikezwa kwamandla okunamandla.
- Ukushayela kanzima: sibhekisela kumadivayisi lapho sigcina khona ulwazi lwethu. Okusetshenziswa kakhulu yi-SSD, SATA noma SAS hard drives.
Yini isofthiwe?
Sibhekisela ku yonke into ohlelweni lwekhompiyutha engeyona engokoqobo. Asikhulumi ngezesekeli noma izingxenye esingazithinta futhi ezifakwe ezingxenyeni ezihlukene ezakha ikhompuyutha. Kunalokho, sikhuluma ngeqoqo lezinhlelo, amakhodi, izinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nolwazi olwenziwa lapho ikhompuyutha iqala.
Njengoba sishilo iwulwazi, ngakho isivumela ukuthi sihlanganyele nezinye izakhi, kuyilapho ihadiwe kuyizinto ozisebenzisayo ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa izinketho ezahlukene.
Izinhlelo zesofthiwe eziyinhloko ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu zivame; isofthiwe yohlelo lokusebenza, isofthiwe yesistimu, nesofthiwe eyingozi.
i-hardware vs. isofthiwe
Esigabeni esilandelayo, sizobonisa ukuthi yiziphi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezakhi zombili futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukwazi ukuwahlukanisa ngokuqondile.
Impilo esebenzisekayo
Ukuphila okuwusizo kokubili kuhluke kakhulu, ngoba uma sikhuluma nge-hardware, kungenzeka ukuthi ingonakaliswa noma iphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isoftware nayo ingaphelelwa isikhathi uma ingabuyekeziwe. Yingakho kungashiwo kanjalo i-hardware inokuphila okungenamkhawulo kuyilapho isofthiwe ingase ingabi nokwanele.
Ukuncikana
Besilokhu sisho leli phuzu kulo lonke lolu shicilelo futhi wukuthi i-hardware ihlukile ku-software ngokuya ngokuncikena lapho Okokuqala, idinga ukufakwa kwesofthiwe ukuze isebenze. Isofthiwe idinga ukufakwa kuhadiwe.
isizathu sokwehluleka
Lesi sikhathi, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa lokho Izizathu ezivame kakhulu zokwehluleka kwehadiwe kungaba ngenxa yokwehluleka okungahleliwe esigabeni sokukhiqiza noma ngo ukuzikhandla ngokweqile. Ngenkathi, endabeni yesoftware, zizoba ngenxa yamaphutha edizayini ehlelekile.
Ithebula elifingqiwe lomehluko
Okulandelayo, sikushiya a ithebula lapho umehluko omkhulu ufinyezwa khona phakathi kwesoftware nehardware.
| HARDWARE | I-SOTFWARE |
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· Amadivayisi okokufaka · Amadivayisi okukhiphayo · Imishini yokugcina izingxenye zangaphakathi |
· Isofthiwe yohlelo lokusebenza
isofthiwe yesistimu isofthiwe enonya |
| Izingxenye eziyiqambayo zingathathelwa indawo ezintsha. | Ingafakwa kanye kuphela uma unesipele |
| izinto zikagesi | Ulimi lokuhlela |
| Izinto ezibonakalayo ezingabonwa futhi zithintwe | Awukwazi ukuthinta kodwa uyabona |
| Awukwazi ukuthintwa amagciwane | Ingathinteka amagciwane |
| Ingagcwala kakhulu futhi ibambezele ukusebenza kwayo | Ayinawo umkhawulo wokuphila kodwa ithintwa izimbungulu noma amagciwane |
| Amaphrinta, amamonitha, igundane, umbhoshongo, njll. | Iziphequluli, amasistimu okusebenza, njll. |
Ngaphandle kokungabaza, sikukhumbuza ukuthi kokubili ihadiwe nesofthiwe kuyizici ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesistimu. Akekho kubo ongabulawa ngaphandle kosizo lomunye. Kufanele uqaphele ukusetshenziswa nokugcinwa kwakho kokubili, ukuze usebenze kahle futhi unomphela.