El imodeli yeseva yamakhasimende It is a technology integrated ehambisa imininingwane nolwazi phakathi kwama-processor amaningi ngasikhathi sinye futhi ngokuya ngezidingo zamakhasimende. Funda kabanzi ngalesi sihloko ngokufunda i-athikili elandelayo.
Imodeli yeseva yeklayenti
Lolu hlelo luvumela abasebenzisi abaningi ukuthi benze izicelo zensizakalo ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka kwama-processor. It is a technology onqenqemeni ubuchwepheshe okuncike ekusebenzeni okusatshalaliswa phakathi kwama-processor amaningi. Kusivumela nokuthi sinikeze ngezinsizakalo ezisheshayo nezisebenza kahle.
Namuhla ingenye yezinkampani ezinkulu nezinkampani ezinkulu ezinikezela ngezinsizakalo ze-intanethi. Kuyisidingo ukuthi izinkampani zingathembela kulobu buchwepheshe obunqenqemeni ngoba buhlinzeka ngamathuba ahlukahlukene kumakhasimende nakubasebenzisi. Kepha ake sibone okuyimodeli yeseva yeklayenti.
Kuyini ngempela?
Mayelana nekhompyutha, kufanele simele ubuchwepheshe besimanje lapho kusetshenziswa khona izivumelwano ezithile zokuxhuma inethiwekhi. Imodeli ye-client-server isungula ubudlelwano phakathi kweseva neklayenti, lapho eyokugcina icela izinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngemodeli ethile yokuxhumana.
Lolu hlelo luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthola izinsiza ku-inthanethi. Ngakho-ke ukuxhumana oqondile kuyasungulwa phakathi kweseva neklayenti. Kwenziwa lapho iklayenti liqala ukucela imininingwane ehlukahlukene nolwazi ngeseva. Ngokuchofoza kusixhumanisi esilandelayo ungafunda nge- Izinhlobo zamaseva
Iseva iyatholakala ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezidingekayo kanye nezicelo ezidingekayo, ukuze inqubo yokwenza imisebenzi eceliwe iklayenti yenziwe ngempumelelo futhi ngokushesha.
Abasebenzisi benza izicelo ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo eziningi ezakha isicelo sesevisi, ezithunyelwa kuseva esebenzisa izivumelwano ze-TCP / IP ukuyithutha. Umphumela uba ukuthi iseva bese iba uhlelo lapho isebenza khona bese ibuyisa imininingwane ngemiphumela esebenza njengempendulo yeklayenti.
Imodeli ye-client-server icubungula izinsizakalo eziningi nezicelo ezenziwe ngamakhasimende ngasikhathi sinye. Okusizayo ukwenza ngcono ukuhlinzekwa kwensizakalo. Iningi lohlelo lwemodeli yamakhasimende-iseva lisebenza ngokungasebenzi, okusho ukuthi, kufanele balinde izicelo ezindaweni ezithile.
Kulokhu, iklayenti linquma kusengaphambili ukuthi yiliphi ikheli le-IP elizokwazi ukwenza ngalo izicelo. Inqubo iklayenti edlula kuyo ikuvumela ukuthi wazi ukuthi ngubani onenketho yokusebenzisa ichweba ngokungahleliwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaklayenti afuna ukuxhumana neseva engasebenzisi ichweba elaziwayo. Kufanele basebenzise uhlobo lwerekhodi ukuze bafinyelele.
Iklayenti neseva
Lapho ukhuluma ngalolu hlobo lohlelo, kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi uma uthi iklayenti, le nkulumo ibhekisa ngqo kwikhompyutha, esetshenziselwa ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Lolu hlobo lwamakhasimende esakhiweni semodeli yeseva liyiqembu elifana kakhulu nalelo esinalo emakhaya ethu.
Incane kancane ngesakhiwo esithile kepha isetshenziselwa ukufinyelela ngqo kwizinsizakalo ezithile ze-inthanethi. Ngamanye amagama, le mishini yakhelwe kuphela izinkampani ezidinga ukucubungula idatha noma izinsizakalo ezihlobene kuphela nemisebenzi yenkampani.
Mayelana neseva, kungumshini ofana nekhompyutha lapho idatha nemininingwane ehlukahlukene icutshungulwa ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezithile. Inomthamo omkhulu. Lokhu kuvumela izinqubo ezimbalwa ukuthi zicutshungulwe ngasikhathi sinye.
Noma kunjalo, iklayenti lingafinyelela ngokushesha izinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene ezizidingayo. Njengamanje izinkampani eziningi ezinkulu zisebenzisa imodeli yeseva yamakhasimende ukwenza izinqubo zazo. Amakhasimende afaka isicelo ngohlelo; ukufaka amakhasi ewebhu, ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuvula nokugcina amafayela ahlukahlukene, ukufinyelela ku-database kanye nezinye izenzo ezihlobene nomsebenzi wenkampani.
Izinhlobo zemodeli yeseva yeklayenti
Imodeli ngayinye yeseva yamakhasimende ifakwa ngokuya ngezidingo zophiko lweklayenti ngalinye, noma nje ngezidingo zenhlangano. Lezi zakhiwo zibizwa ngokuthi amamodeli wezakhiwo. Bafuna ukuguqula inqubo yokuxhumana yamakhasimende-yeseva ngokuya ngendlela inkampani enikezwe ngayo edinga ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo ezithile.
Ngakho-ke ukwakhiwa kungukuhlanganiswa kokuthi iseva izosabalalisa kanjani izinqubo nokuthi bazokwamukela bani ukuze bacubungule imininingwane. Ungalukhulisa lolu lwazi ngokufunda i-athikili Izinhlobo ze-topologies yenethiwekhi nezici zazo.
Izendlalelo ezimbili
Lolu hlobo lwezakhiwo lusetshenziselwa ukusungula imodeli ye-server-server lapho icela khona izinsizakusebenza futhi iseva iphendula ngqo kuleso sicelo. Lolu hlobo lwesakhiwo semodeli luvumela ukunikeza amalungelo lapho iseva ingadingi ngisho nokusebenzisa uhlelo oludlule ukuhlinzeka insizakalo.
Izigqoko ezintathu
Iqukethe imodeli ye-client-server lapho kunqunywa khona izinga eliphakathi. Ngamanye amagama, ukwakhiwa kweklayenti kwabiwa nelinye iklayenti elicela izinsiza kusuka kuseva. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza luphethwe yi-interface yomsebenzisi esebenza njengesisekelo sokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza nge-Intanethi.
Isendlalelo esiphakathi kwalezi ezimbili ezibalulekile sibizwa ngokuthi i-middleware. Ifeza indima yokunikeza izinsiza ezingenamkhawulo kwenye iseva ukuze ikwazi ukuzicubungula. Isendlalelo sesithathu senza umsebenzi wokusebenzisa izinhlelo zedatha ezidingekayo. Ngale ndlela, ukusheshisa inqubo ukuze insizakalo iphathwe kahle.
Imikhawulo eminingi
Kuzakhiwo zangaphambilini, ungqimba ngalunye lwenza umsebenzi othile. Endabeni yokwakhiwa kwe-multilayer, imodeli ye-client-server idinga usizo lwamanye amaseva ukuze ikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yayo.
Lokhu kuvumela iseva ukuthi ibe nokuzimela lapho kwenziwa izinqubo. Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa ama-simulcast, okuyinzuzo enkulu ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu.
Izici zokwakhiwa kwemodeli yamakhasimende-eseva
Ubuchwepheshe banamuhla bokuxhumana ngenye yezindlela izinkulungwane zamaqembu nezinhlangano ezingacubungula imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene ngemizuzwana nje. Ezingeni lamazwe omhlaba, imisebenzi ihlobene ngqo esiza ukucubungula idatha nolwazi ngokushesha okukhulu phakathi kweklayenti neseva.
Kungakho inqubo idinga izinto ezithile, ezisebenza ukufeza zonke izenzo eziyinkimbinkimbi usuku nosuku. Abathuthukisi benethiwekhi kanye nochwepheshe basebenzisa izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene kucatshangelwa uchungechunge lwezinto ezihlangene ezakha imodeli ye-client-server yenkampani. Funda kabanzi ngalesi sihloko ngokuchofoza kusixhumanisi esilandelayo Yakha ikhebula lenethiwekhi
Iklayenti
Ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke uhlelo. Inika amandla izinqubo ukuthi zisebenze futhi ifeze imininingwane ehlukahlukene eceliwe. Inqubo enjalo inquma iklayenti nomceli wensizakalo. Imelwe yikhompyutha ngohlelo lohlobo lwekhompyutha. Leli klayenti lihlala licela idatha ephathelene nensizakalo evela kunethiwekhi.
Okubomvu
Kulokhu, inethiwekhi imelwe isethi yamakhasimende, amaseva kanye nemininingwane ehlukahlukene, okuthi uma ihlanganisiwe yakha iqembu eliqinile nelicacile. NgeNethiwekhi, uhlelo ludinga izivumelwano ezithile zokufaka idatha noma izinqubo zeklayenti
Iseva
Besivele siwubonile umsebenzi nokuthi umeleni kuseva. Ngakho-ke kuyinto eyisisekelo ukukwazi ukufinyelela izinsizakusebenza ezidingekayo. Iseva ingumhlinzeki wesevisi ongakhiwa yimishini ethile yekhompyutha noma insiza ebonakalayo. Inekhono lokwamukela, ukucubungula nokuthumela izinsizakusebenza iklayenti elizidingayo
Isivumelwano
Kucatshangelwa isethi yemithetho nezinqubo ezilinganiselwe ezingahlehlisa ukuhamba kolwazi kulo lonke uhlelo lwenethiwekhi. Ngaphandle kwale protocol, ukuxhumana kungahle kube kubi futhi amaklayenti angaletha ukubambezeleka kuzinqubo zawo. I-Protocol isiza ukuthuthukisa ukudluliswa ngokuthola izinsiza ngendlela efanele lapho ziya khona.
Izinsizakalo
Kumamodeli we-client-server, limelela iqembu ledatha nolwazi oluzama ukuphendula izidingo ezahlukahlukene zamakhasimende. Isevisi ingaba yinoma yiluphi uhlobo. Phakathi kwezinsizakalo kuyadingeka kusuka kuma-imeyili kuye kumavidiyo omculo. Ngamafuphi, yiwo wonke umhlaba wezinsiza inethiwekhi okufanele inikeze ikhasimende.
I-database
Njengakwezinye izinhlelo zenethiwekhi noma amafayili ezinsizakusebenza, i-database yakha lelo qembu lolwazi oluhlukahlukene olutholakala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Kuhlala kuyalwe futhi kwahlukaniswa kunethiwekhi. Iphinde isebenze njengediphozithi kanye nokugcinwa kwemithombo. Yizindawo lapho iklayenti linenketho yokubeka izinsiza ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngobudlelwano nolwazi lwemisebenzi yazo.
Ukubaluleka
Umsebenzi i-elementi ngayinye esisanda kuyibona uyayifeza, empeleni wakhe uhlelo lokuxhumana lwenethiwekhi oluthandekayo. Ukwakhiwa kwesimodeli se-client-server kumele kube nezinto ezikwazi ukucubungula nokwenza imisebenzi ephumelelayo.
Ukubaluleka kweseva enhle enikeza iklayenti izinsiza ezidingekayo neziceliwe kuyingxenye yokusebenza kohlelo. Izindawo zokusebenza ezahlukene kufanele zibe nemishini engenza izinqubo ngendlela engcono kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke imodeli ye-client-server ayincikile kuphela ekunikezelweni kwensizakalo; kepha futhi nokuklama kuthola izinketho zangaphakathi ezisiza ukuxazulula izinkinga ezisheshayo uma kwenzeka.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zekhompyutha zincike kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwemodeli yeseva yamakhasimende. Njengoba sibonile phambilini, lokhu kuyasetshenziswa kucatshangelwa ukwakheka kwenhlangano kwezinhloso ezithile zenhlangano. Inethiwekhi ye-intanethi iyisibonelo esihle kakhulu semodeli yeseva yamakhasimende.
Sibona nsuku zonke ukuthi izigidi zamakhompiyutha zixhunywe kanjani kunethiwekhi. Okuphethe ukusabalalisa izinsiza ngokushesha kumakhasimende abheke ngandlela thile ukuthola imininingwane ebalulekile nedatha. Elinye iqiniso elifanele ukuthi le modeli inikeza ukuxhumana kwamakhasimende amaningana phakathi kwamanye amaseva.
Umphumela ukuthola izinhlelo zokusebenza nezinsizakalo ezinesidingo sokucutshungulwa futhi zisetshenziswe esikhathini esithile. Ukutholakala kwemodeli kungunaphakade, lokhu kusho ukuthi alukho uhlelo lapho ukuxhumana kungenziwa khona. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinkampani ngezizathu zokuphepha zisungula amahora athile wokungena kwazo.
Singabona ukuthi phakathi kwezinzuzo zalokhu eziyisikhombisa kukhona lapho uhlelo lungasebenza khona unomphela. Amakhasimende angacela insizakalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Kepha ngokungafani nenhlangano, izinsizakusebenza aziphathwa esidlangalaleni kepha ngokuzimela nangasese.
Izinzuzo
Le modeli ebalulekile ivumela ukuguqulwa kwamamodeli ahlukahlukene. Ungahlanganisa idatha yamakhasimende ehlukahlukene engafinyelelwa ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kuvumela ukuhlanganisa imishini ehlukahlukene kwezinye izinhlelo kungakhathalekile ivolumu yazo. Ngamunye uhlanganiswe nohlelo oluthile lokusebenza.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, okuthiwa isakhiwo se-modular silawula ukuhlanganiswa kobunye ubuchwepheshe obuvuselelwa usuku nosuku. Ngaphandle kwale mininingwane yokuhambisana bekungeke kwenzeke ukugcina uhlelo luye eminyakeni. Ukuvuselelwa kwezinqubo ezintsha kuvumela ngokuzenzakalela ukukhula kwesakhiwo kwenkampani kuzo zonke izindawo zayo.
Ngokufanayo, kugcina ukuhlanganiswa futhi kuthanda ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlangana okusebenzisana. Ukunikeza umsebenzisi ukutholakala okungcono kanye nokwenza lula izinqubo. Ngoba ithathwa njengohlelo olusha, imodeli yeseva yamakhasimende ilawula izinqubo zokuphatha ezinekhompyutha ezisiza ukugcina ukuhleleka nokuziphatha kokuphatha kunqubo ngayinye.
Lokhu kunenzuzo enkulu, ngoba izindawo ezahlukahlukene zenhlangano zingasebenza ngendlela ethile futhi zinikele ukusebenza okuphezulu kuzinqubo, zize zicabangele ukuthola izinsiza kusuka kuseva efanayo.
Inqubo ngayinye yenziwa ngasikhathi sinye futhi lokhu kwenza iseva igcine inqubo yokusebenza esebenzayo kakhulu. Ukuhlinzeka ngamathuluzi asiza inkampani yehle ngomgwaqo wokusebenzisa ukuze ifune ukukhula nentuthuko esimeme ngokuzayo.
nebubi
Phakathi kokubi okungalethwa kulo modeli kukhona, okokuqala, ukuba nabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kakhulu ezindabeni zokuphathwa nokulungiswa kwamayunithi. Akumangazi ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezinhlelo ezinamandla lungadala ukwehluleka okuthile ngesikhathi senqubo yalo.
Iseva inezinqubo zokulungisa ezahlukahlukene ngaphakathi kohlelo lwayo lokusebenza ezisiza ukuvimbela izehlakalo ezimbi. Lokhu akukhawuleli ukuthi kukhona umonakalo omkhulu. Ngakho-ke ukubaluleka kokuba nabasebenzi abakhethekile ukuze balulame. Ngakolunye uhlangothi sinenkinga yezokuphepha.
Izinhlelo zezinhlobo zeseva yamakhasimende zisengozini enkulu ngoba zihlala zithumela futhi zabelana ngemininingwane ehlukahlukene phakathi kwamakhasimende namaseva. Yize izinqubo zokuqinisekisa umthetho olandelwayo wezokuphepha zenziwa, amasistimu ahlala echayeka ekulimaleni ngabaduni namafayela amabi
Okunye okungahambi kahle kumelwe ukutshalwa kwemali. Lolu hlobo lohlelo lubiza kakhulu, lungasetshenziswa kuphela ohulumeni nezinkampani ezinkulu. Ezinezinsizakusebenza ezanele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, hhayi kuphela ukufakwa kwayo, ukugcinwa kwayo nokulawulwa kwayo kubonisa izindleko ezinkulu kepha futhi kudinga ukusungulwa kwezinsizakusebenza eziphezulu zebhajethi ezingenza uhlelo lube imodeli yokusebenza.
Zifakwa kuphi?
Lezi zinhlelo zifakwe ezindaweni eziningi ezinikeza amaklayenti abo noma abantu izinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene, izivumelwano zenethiwekhi nomsebenzi we-server. Okwaziwa kakhulu njengoba sishilo ngaphambili yinethiwekhi ye-inthanethi. Kodwa-ke, ake sibheke ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinsizakalo nemisebenzi esetshenziselwa yona.
Kubalulekile kwizivumelwano ze-FTP. Zisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma kuseva ethile njengengxenye yomthombo oyinhloko futhi inikeze izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinsizakusebenza, idatha nolwazi kwamanye amaklayenti.
Dlulisa amehlo ku-inthanethi usebenzisa amaseva azimele njenge-Nginx, i-Apache neLiteSpeed. Ibuye ivumele ukuhlanganiswa kwemidlalo yevidiyo yenethiwekhi. Kubalulekile ukuba nemodeli yeseva yeklayenti lapho ufaka umdlalo wevidiyo. Kuwo wonke umhlaba uhlelo lwe-DNS luyaziwa ngokuguquguquka kwalo ekutholeni amakheli e-IP ahlukahlukene.
Futhi, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uhlanganyele namakhasimende, ahlala ecela izinsiza zenethiwekhi. Enye insizakalo esebenzisa amathuluzi wemodeli ye-client-server uhlelo lwe-imeyili. Lapho kuvumela ukuthola omunye umsebenzisi ngokuya ngezimpawu namakheli acelwa iklayenti.