El isici samandla Kuyindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokuhlola amandla wokusebenza womshini wakho kanye nomqondo obalulekile emkhakheni we-mechanics. Ake sihlole incazelo yayo, izibonelo, nokubalwa.
Yini isici samandla?
Ukuqonda umqondo we isici samandla kumele siqonde ukuhamba kwamandla kagesi kumasekethe wento yokusebenza. Yize kubonakala kungasebenzi ezingeni lomshini, akuwona wonke amandla akhiqizwayo aba wusizo ngqo ekusebenzeni kwemishini okukhulunywa ngayo.
Ingxenye yala mandla ilahleka endleleni noma, kunalokho, isetshenziswa ngenye indlela, ukufeza injongo engaqondile yomsebenzi othize womshini.
Isibonelo, esimweni sezinjini zikagesi kukhona ikhoyili yethusi umsebenzi wayo ukudala inkambu ye-electromagnetic engabuye ihambise i-axis yangaphakathi eveza ukuhamba komshini. Ingxenye yamandla we-apharathasi yabe seyimiselwe ukudala le nsimu ye-electromagnetic, ngaphandle kokunikezela ngamandla we-mechanical; Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zemishini, lapho amandla aguqulwa abe ukushisa esimweni sokushisa noma ukukhanya ngokwamalambu. Ama-fluorescent bulbs, ngokwesibonelo, alahlekelwe amandla afanayo.
Ngokuya ngalokhu, i- isici samandla Kuqukethe ubudlelwano phakathi kwamandla asetshenzisiwe kunethiwekhi kagesi yomshini, namandla abewusizo lwangempela ekusebenzeni kwawo. Ngokumane nje, kuyisilinganiso esicacile sokusebenza kahle kukagesi komshini, lapho izinga lawo lokusebenza lingaziwa ngalo; okuthile okubalulekile uma ufuna ukwenza amadivayisi wethu afinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu lokusebenza kwawo.
Isingathekiso sakudala sokuqonda umehluko phakathi kwamandla asebenzayo (amandla asetshenzisiwe ngaphandle kokufaka isandla ekusebenzeni kwemishini eqondile) namandla asebenzayo (amandla akhiqiza umsebenzi empeleni ohlelweni) iyimug yebhiya. Imbiza egcwaliswe kahle izoba nengxenye eningi yoketshezi, kuyilapho izinsalela ezimhlophe ezincane ezinjengegwebu zizohlala phezulu. Kulesi sithombe, ubhiya uqobo ungamandla asebenzayo enethiwekhi, igwebu lingamandla asebenzayo asetshenzisiwe ngaphandle kwenzuzo yokuhamba futhi inhlanganisela yakho kokubili ingamandla abonakalayo, ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa.
Ukubalwa kwesici samandla
Okulungele umshini ukuthi amandla avezwa ngale ndlela, ngobuningi bezinga lamandla awusizo kanye nezinga eliphansi lokulahlwa kwamandla.
Ukuze siqiniseke ukuthi amadivayisi wethu analeli zinga lokusebenza ngempela, kuzofanele senze ukubala okulula ukukhomba isilinganiso sangaphakathi samandla abo. Uma lesi silinganiso singalingani ngokulingana nezinga eliphezulu lamandla asetshenzisiwe, kuzodingeka ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo ukulungisa uhlelo nokwenza ukuthi lusebenze kangcono.
Kungasiphi isibalo i isici samandla? Uma sinaka ukuthi le nto ingumphumela we-quotient phakathi kwamandla asetshenzisiwe ngaphakathi kwesekethe namandla akhiqizwe ngempumelelo ngaphakathi kwawo, singafingqa konke ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Isici samandla = FP = Amandla angenisiwe / Amandla awusizo = (Pabsorbed xt) / (Putil xt) = Pabsorbed / Putil.
Ifomula yangaphambilini izoveza ubudlelwano phakathi kwala mandla womabili, amandla asebenzayo omshini namandla awo asalayo asebenzayo. Isikhathi sesikhathi sigcina ngokungadingekile ukubala lesi silinganiso, ngoba sesivele singenhla nangaphansi kwengxenyenamba futhi sigcina sinyamalale kufomula yokugcina.
Kuyadingeka ukuqaphela ukuthi lolu hlobo lwesici alunawo amayunithi esilinganisweni salo, kuphela isisho esisodwa senombolo esihamba phakathi kwenombolo »1" no- "0". Inombolo "1" imele ukusebenza kahle komshini, okusebenzisa lonke iphesenti lamandla kagesi ku-100% ekusebenzeni okuyinhloko komshini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i »0» imele izindleko ezedlulele lapho kungekho khona amandla kagesi asetshenziselwa inhloso yawo, ngakho-ke, lonke ucingo alunamsebenzi.
Ukusondelana kwamandla ku-number 1, kukhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kohlelo. Esimweni esiphambene, ukusondela ku »0» kusho ukuthi amandla kagesi ayancipha. Kuyindlela elula elula kanambambili engamelela ukusebenza kahle noma kabi kwamadivayisi wethu abaluleke kakhulu.
Uma unentshisekelo ekhethekile kuyo yonke into ephathelene namandla kagesi ezinto ezihlukile, ungakuthola kuwusizo ukuvakashela le enye indatshana kuwebhusayithi yethu ebekelwe izici zomthombo wamandla Landela isixhumanisi!
Lungisa isilinganiso samandla emshinini
Ukubona konke lokhu, ukulungiswa kwefayela le- isici samandla kuyinkqubo ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zakho zemishini. Amandla alawulwa ngendlela engafanele angakudalela nokulahlekelwa kwemali ngqo: inkampani izokwenyusa izindleko zayo kakhulu ukuze uzithole unamandla aphansi kakhulu ezakhiweni zayo.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba amandla amancane ahlinzekwa ngomshini, inkampani kufanele inikeze amandla asebenzayo nangaphezulu, amandla abonakalayo namandla wamanje kagesi ukunxephezela futhi akwazi ukusabalalisa amandla adingekayo ukuze asebenze.
Eqinisweni, inkampani izocacisa ngesizathu sokukhokhiswa kwayo okuphezulu ngokusho igama le- isici samandla ngamanani abo, ikakhulukazi lawo ahlose abanikazi bezimboni bemishini esindayo. Ukulungiswa imvamisa kuqukethe ukubeka ama-capacitors angeziwe emshinini ngokuhambisana nesamukeli samandla.
Lokhu akukho okunye ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngemithombo yamandla ethatha isikhundla salokho okudingekayo ukugcina ukuhamba kwesekethe, ngokwesibonelo, izinkambu zikagesi zemoto okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla. Ngalokhu, amandla adliwe ngaphambilini kuleyo nqubo azophinde aqondiswe ngqo kumamukeli, kwandise amandla asebenzayo omshini; ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kukagesi okuvezwe kufayela le- isici samandla ukwanda uye ku-1, umshini usebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ukusetshenziswa kwemali kugcinwa ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo efanelekile.
Kuze kube manje indatshana yethu nge isici samandla womshini, incazelo yawo nokubala. Ngikufisela inhlanhla ngezilinganiso zakho namaphrojekthi, sizokubona maduzane. Kule vidiyo enhle kakhulu, yonke into ephathelene namandla, ukubalwa kwayo kanye nokusebenziseka kwayo ichazwe ngendlela eqondile, ejabulisayo futhi emfushane. Isisetshenziswa esihle se-audiovisual esifaka ngobunyoninco isici esiyinkimbinkimbi se-geometric yesici sokubala esingazange sixoxe ngaso embhalweni.