I-Las izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziqhubekayo Ziyindlela entsha yokwenza izinhlelo futhi, kwesinye isikhathi, siyazisebenzisa futhi asazi ukuthi ziyini nokuthi zihluke kanjani kwezinye izinhlobo, kodwa ungakhathazeki, kule ndatshana sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi .
I-PWA, imele "Izicelo Eziqhubekayo Zewebhu"
Yini izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziqhubekayo?
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziqhubekayo zewebhu ziyindlela yesimanje yokwenza amasayithi noma izixhumi ezibonakalayo ze-Intanethi, kusetshenziswa amakhodi abhaliwe njengeJavaScript, CSS ne-HTML. Izilimi noma amakhodi abhaliwe yimisebenzi yamahhala, esetshenziselwa ukwakha isikhombimsebenzisi sewebhu, ngoba amakhasi aguqula okubhalwe kokuqukethwe okubukwayo.
Ama-PWA avumela i-navigator ukuthi iwasebenzise kunoma iyiphi indlela ehlangabezana nezimfuneko eziphansi zokuphequlula iwebhu, ngaleyo ndlela kube izindlela ezingadli i-cache noma ukucubungula okuningi. Sebenzisa imilayezo eyenziwe yaba ngeyakho kubasebenzisi abafake uhlelo lokusebenza noma ukufinyelela izaziso ezivela kusayithi, lokhu kwaziwa njenge: «izaziso zohlelo lokusebenza».
Igama eliqhubekayo noma (ngolimi lwaso loqobo) eliqhubekayo, linikezwa ngendlela yalo yokwandisa amandla nokusebenza kwalo, kunjalo ngokuya ngekhwalithi yedivayisi esetshenziswayo.
Ekuqaleni bebehamba kancane, okwenza ukuzisebenzisa kube yisidina futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi, ngokungeziwe, i-interface yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezizenzakalelayo ibishesha kakhulu, okwenza ama-PWAs akhulume kabi. Kodwa-ke, ngentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ngaphezu kwamakhodi amasha abhaliwe asetshenzisiwe, bakwazile ukuthuthuka kancane kancane.
Umsuka wama-APK nezinhlelo ezingalandwa, kunikeze isisekelo kuma-PWAs, ukukwazi ukudala okuthile okusha, uhlobo lwe-hybrid olusebenzisa ukuthuthuka kwewebhu futhi lusebenza njengethuluzi lomdabu.
Umlando wamawebhu aqhubekayo
Omunye wamaphayona noma imbangela yewebhu eqhubekayo yi-Apple, ngenxa yokuthi isebenzise ososayensi bamakhompiyutha abangaphandle kwenkampani ukwenza izinhlelo ezihlanganiswe nefoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wadala imincintiswano yokwenza amakhodi, egcina izixhumi ezibunjiwe ezinhle kakhulu, ukuzisebenzisa kusiphequluli sakhe.
Isiphequluli se-Apple, ngolimi lweJavaScript, senze isinqamuleli, okwenza isiphequluli singadingi ukwenza inqubo ende ukuvula. Isiphequluli sikwazi ukuvula ngqo ewindini lokusesha noma esikrinini esiqala ngalo.
Ezinye izinkampani zewebhu nezokuzulazula zisebenzise isibonelo esinikezwe yi-Apple futhi zasinika ushintsho oluthile. Isibonelo sokuthuthuka kwangaphandle yiGoogle, ebisebenzisa izandiso ze-Chrome noma izinhlelo sengathi zingezabo ocingweni, ngaleyo ndlela ifinyelela i-PWA.
I-Google, ngale nqubo, isebenzisa i- izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziqhubekayo kuwo wonke amadivayisi anohlelo lwakho lwe-Android noma asebenzisa isiphequluli sakho. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinkampani zizozisebenzisa ngesikhathi sabo, ngaleyo ndlela bathathe igxathu elikhulu eliya phambili kuma-PWAs.
Zisebenza kanjani?
Ingqikithi ye-PWA ngumbhalo owuthandayo, okungukuthi, abasebenzi bezinsizakalo. Iskripthi uhlobo lwekhodi olusebenza njengolimi ukwenza kusebenze noma ukuhlela imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yohlelo.
Abasebenzi bezinsizakalo yimibhalo esiza njengommeleli, okuyisixhumanisi esiphakathi kwezenzo zomsebenzisi neseva. Isebenzisa ukusesha okwedlule komsebenzisi ukuze ube namathuluzi abawadingayo, ngokushesha nangokunembile.
Inqolobane ivumela abasebenzi bezinsizakalo ukuthi benze usesho noma babonise isenzo esidingekayo, noma ngabe ingekho i-Intanethi kudivayisi. Izikhathi eziningi usebenzisa izinsizakalo, kulondolozwa okuningi okuzogcinwa ukuze ukwazi ukubonisa izinto noma ngabe awuxhumekile ku-inthanethi.
Inqolobane ivumela i-PWA ukuthi ixhumane kalula neseva, noma ngabe ine-Intanethi, ngoba njengoba kuchaziwe, uma isetshenziswa njalo, le nto izokhombisa ukusesha ngokushesha okukhulu kunokuthi ngabe yayinohlelo lokusebenza, ngoba akwenzeki ngo inqubo yokulayisha uhlelo.
Yile ndlela abasebenzi bezinsizakalo ze-PWA abasebenza ngayo
Izici ze-PWA
Njengoba kuchaziwe, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziqhubekayo zewebhu zifuna ukudala i-hybrid phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza neziphequluli zewebhu, okunikeza umthengi ithuba lokusebenzisa ukufinyelela ngqo ngaphandle kokudlula kwinqubo eyisicefe. Ingasetshenziswa ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, kepha insiza ngeke isetshenziswe ngokuphelele.
I-PWA ingasetshenziswa kusuka kunoma yisiphi isiphequluli, okungukuthi, akunandaba ukuthi ngabe isiphequluli siyi-Chrome noma iSafari, ngayinye yazo ingaba nezinzuzo zezinhlelo zokusebenza eziqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kokusebenza kunoma yisiphi isiphequluli, singasetshenziswa kusuka kunoma iyiphi idivayisi enoxhumano lwe-Inthanethi, ukusuka kwi-PC kuya kwi-smartphone.
Idizayini ye-PWA ifana nohlelo lokusebenza lwedeskithophu, olunemenyu elula ukusebenziseka futhi ukwazi ukuzwa ukuthi sikusicelo esifanayo, sivumela yonke imisebenzi yohlelo lokusebenza lomthombo.
Isebenzisa i-HTTPS njengolimi lokuphepha lokubethela idatha, uhlobo lwekhodi oluguqula yonke into ebhaliswe ngumsebenzisi ibe yinto ebetheliwe, ngaleyo ndlela igweme ukulimala kwabantu besithathu noma ukwebiwa kwedatha yokusetshenziswa kabi.
Uhlelo lwayo lubuyekezwa ngokuzenzakalela, ngaleyo ndlela livumele ikhasimende ukuthi lijabulele insiza noma isayithi ngendlela elungiselelwe kakhulu. Ngalesi, abasebenzisi bangazibona kalula izinsizakalo futhi babone ama-PWAs njengohlelo hhayi nje enye iseva.
Ukufaka lokhu, kusetshenziswa i-URL kuphela, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulanda, ukugwema ukuthatha isikhala esingadingekile. Konke kwenziwa kusiphequluli, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokungenelela komuntu wesithathu.
Ama-PWAs neziphequluli
Njengoba kuchaziwe ku-athikili, ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza oluqhubekayo kulula, udinga kuphela isiphequluli esibuyekezwa ngokusekelwa kwezinsizakalo zalolu hlobo futhi esinikwe amandla njengensizakalo, okungukuthi, kufanele siyisebenzise. Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi ngabe isiphequluli sakho siyahambisana yini nalezi zinsizakalo, ungasebenzisa amakhasi azinikele kulokhu, phakathi kwaziwa kakhulu yi-Isserviceworkerready.
I-Isserviceworkerready, ikuvumela ukuthi wazi izinto zesiphequluli ngasinye esihlobene nama-PWAs, kusuka ekutheni isebenzisa ukulungisa iphutha kusetshenziswa i-cache engakanani. Bayakuvumela ukuthi ubhalise futhi wenze kusebenze abasebenzi bezinsizakalo.
Lesi isikhombimsebenzisi se-Isserviceworkerready, lapha ungabona ingxenye yesevisi yokuxilonga ayinikezayo
Kukhona ezinye izinsizakalo ezihlobene ne-PWA, eyiCanIuse, inhloso yayo ukuhlaziya lapho ukuvuselelwa kufakwa noma kufakwa abasebenzi bezinsizakalo. Ihlaziya isiphequluli, inikeze kusuka kokuqedile kuya kokungasasebenzi kakhulu.
Ngokuya ngokuhlaziya, iziphequluli ezinesibonisi esakhiwe ngokuphelele sama-PWAs yi-Chrome, Firefox, Edge ne-Safari; ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-QQ ne-Baidu ziphelelwe yisikhathi, kangangoba nabasebenzisi bewebhu bazishiyile eceleni.
Zinjani futhi yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziqhubekayo?
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziqhubekayo zingatholakala kunoma iyiphi iseva enoxhumano lwe-Inthanethi. Izinhlanganisela ezinkulu zokuxhumana nabantu ziguqule izinhlelo zazo zenziwa izinsizakalo ze-PWA, zathola cishe noma yikuphi ukusesha owenza uhlelo oluqhubekayo.
Isethenjwa esicacile salokhu yiFacebook uqobo, enikeza umsebenzisi ithuba lokwakha isinqamuleli ocingweni lwakhe uma bengenalo uhlelo olulandiwe, futhi kuningi okufana nalokhu.
Lezi zinhlobo zemisebenzi zivuselela ukusetshenziswa okunikezwe izinhlelo zokusebenza, ngoba isikhala sigciniwe futhi singasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokulandwa, ngesibonisi esihle.
Kunezinye izinsizakalo ze-Intanethi ezifaka uhlu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziqhubekayo, phakathi kwazo i-Appscope, insizakalo eletha izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezihlobene nalolu hlobo lohlelo lokusebenza. Ngale ndlela, uma ufuna eyodwa, lolu hlobo lwe-repertoire luzokusiza ukuthi uluthole.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani ezifana ne-Google zithuthukisa izinsizakalo ezifana ne-Trusted Web Activity, ukuze labo abakha lolu hlobo lwe-PWA bakwazi ukuzazisa futhi banikeze umsebenzisi we-Inthanethi ithuba lokuzama okuthile okusha. Konke lokhu kuholela ekutheni insizakalo inikezwe esitolo esifanayo sohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Google, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze ukuqaja okukhulu esibonakalayo sobuchwepheshe.
Uma uthanda lo mbhalo, ngikumema ukuba ufunde ngawo Yini i-ICTs? Ulwazi olusha nobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana, awukwazi ukuluphuthelwa
Ngabe izinhlelo zokusebenza eziqhubekayo zewebhu zizodlula izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilandekayo?
Njengamanje, izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziqhubekayo zisezingeni lenqubo, okungukuthi, ukukhiqizwa nokusatshalaliswa kwazo kuyenzeka futhi abasebenzisi bathola ukunambitheka okudingekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kunikeza kuphela umsebenzi olula wezindawo ezisinda kakhulu noma izinsizakalo, i-ergo, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kusaphindaphindeka kakhulu, yebo, esikhathini esizayo kungenzeka ukuthi zonke izinsizakalo zinalolu hlobo lohlelo.
Izinzuzo abazinikezayo zenza abasebenzisi abaningi bajoyine umhlaba wabo futhi bawusebenzise, ngoba bavumela ukusebenza kwemishini yabo kungathinteki nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ivumela ukuhlanganiswa kwezaziso futhi ayidingi ukulandwa ukuze ikwazi ukujabulela yonke insizakalo, ngenxa yokuthinta okukodwa noma chofoza ungafaka leli qiniso elisha.
Kuyafaneleka ukufaka ikhono layo lokuthi cishe noma isiphi isiphequluli singasisebenzisa nokuthi idivayisi ngayinye enoxhumano lwe-Inthanethi inethuba lokuhlola lesi sixhumi esibonakalayo.
Umehluko phakathi kwama-PWAs nezinhlelo zokusebenza zomdabu
Izicelo zomdabu zenzelwe iqembu elithile, ngoba zingathola okuningi kuhlelo lokusebenza uma lenzelwe uhlobo lwedivayisi, okwenza izici zohlelo lokusebenza zilungiselelwe kakhulu iqembu. Isibonelo esisobala salokhu ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lwendabuko lweselula ngeke lufane nethebhulethi noma enye idivayisi, ngoba ivumelana nezidingo zakho.
Izicelo zabomdabu kumele zilandwe, ngoba zisebenzisa zombili isikhala sememori ye-RAM, okudala ukuthi ikhompyutha yehlise ijubane noma ishaye ngesikhathi esithile, kube yinkinga kumsebenzisi.
Ama-PWAs, njengoba kuchaziwe, ngeqiniso elilula lokuthi unedivayisi enoxhumano lwe-Inthanethi futhi unesiphequluli esisebenzisanayo, ungasebenzisa lolu hlobo lwensizakalo kuze kube sezingeni eliphezulu.
Abadli inkumbulo yalabo abasebenzisa lolu hlobo lohlelo, bavele benze isinqamuleli kukhompyutha noma ocingweni. Ukunikeza iphakheji ye-lite yohlelo lokusebenza lwendabuko, kepha inezinzuzo ezicishe zifane.
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