Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwamanethiwekhi kubalulekile ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukile ngeqembu, kepha ukuqonda lezi zinqubo kuyadingeka ukuchaza:yini okuncane?.
Okuncane kuyunithi yokugcina encane kakhulu
Yini okuncane?
Igama elithi Bit liqukethe i-Binary Digit ngesiNgisi ehunyushelwe olimini lwesi-Spanish yidijithi kanambambili, yaziwa njengedatha yamandla amancane ikhompyutha enayo. Ngokuvamile, inani lale unit computing liphakathi kuka-0 no-1, ukuze libe nethuba lokuqoqa yonke le datha ukusungula iyunithi enamandla amakhulu, yingakho kuthiwa yigama le-mega noma le-giga.
Amakhompyutha aphethe ukucubungula lonke ulwazi olwenziwe uhlelo, olutholakala ngendlela ekhodiwe, lawa ngamabhithi ekhompyutha. Lapho i-Intanethi itholakala, idatha idluliswa isuka kwinethiwekhi iye kukhompyutha ngoba inesakhiwo sedatha esivumela ukuthi yenziwe kahle.
Amadivayisi asebenzisa ulimi lwamabhithi ukwenza amazinga wokudluliswa kwedatha, anezinyathelo ezithile ezincike enanini ledatha elihlanganisiwe futhi eligcinwe kukhompyutha; Wonke amafayela nemibhalo yakhiwe ngamabhithi lapho iphoyinti ngalinye noma idatha kunekhompyutha encane, ngoba amafayela anzima akhiwe ngamabhithi amaningi.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi yini kancane, ngoba amakhompyutha anohlelo olusungula amandla angawacubungula, okungukuthi, wokusebenza nokudluliswa okubandakanya idatha eyenziwa. Ngale ndlela ukufundwa kwenani ledatha elikuyo ikhompyutha kuyakhonjiswa, okunganquma ukusebenza komshini.
Lapho uchaza ukuthi yini kancane, amanye amagama ekhompiyutha abhekisa kwiyunithi yokugcina idatha nawo ahambisana, okokuqala kuyadingeka ukuthi okuncane kuyunithi elinemininingwane emincane kakhulu yolwazi kukhompyutha akudli amandla amaningi ekhompyutheni ukwenziwa kohlelo lokudluliswa kolwazi, ngoba kungatholakala ngamanani amakhulu uma izingcezu zihlanganiswa phakathi nenqubo.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi le ngxube yedatha yenziwe, ungaba neqoqo lolwazi olwaziwa njenge-Byte, oluqukethe ukuhlanganiswa kwama-bits angama-8 ukuze kutholakala ukulandelana kwedatha okunikeza umsebenzi noma isenzo kukhompyutha; nakho, kunikezwa ukumelwa kwezinhlamvu zekhompyutha ngokuya ngohlelo lwe-kanambambili olunalo ikhompyutha.
Izinhlamvu zolwazi zingaqukatha izinombolo zedesimali ezisukela kuziro kuye kweziyisishiyagalolunye; Ngokunjalo, ingafaka izinhlamvu ezihlukile zamagama, okusho ukuthi, ukusuka ku-A kuye ku-Z kungaba ngofeleba noma ngonobumba omncane. Zingamelwa futhi yizimpawu zezibalo noma izimpawu zokubhala, ngale ndlela isakhiwo sedatha sisungulwa ngokuqoqa uchungechunge lwamabhithi angafundwa ngamakhompyutha.
Ngokuya ngesethi yamabhithi aqoqiwe, ungaba nama-Kilobytes, Megabytes, amaGigabytes noma amaTerabyte; lapho ngamunye wabo emele isilinganiso sedatha lapho leli nani lokubala landa khona. Kunobudlelwano bala mandla, lapho i-Kilobyte ilingana nama-byte ayi-1024, kanti iMegabyte imele ama-Kilobytes ayi-1024 ngale ndlela, umuntu unolwazi lwenani eliqondile lefayela elinalo.
Ngakho-ke, kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi iGigabyte ilingana no-1024 Megabytes ukuze lawa manani owenziwa isistimu aziwe, ekugcineni, iTerabyte eyodwa imele ama-1024 Gigabytes. Ngakho-ke kungashiwo ukuthi njengoba lo mthamo wesitoreji ukhula, inani elikhulu lamabhithi liyaqoqwa ukusungula ukulandelana okuthile kwedatha eyenza isenzo noma ifayili.
Ngalezi zinombolo ezidijithali, irekhodi lenziwa ngokulandelana kwamakhompiyutha okumelwe izingcezwana, ezisesimweni esiphakathi kohlelo kanambambili ukuze zihambisane namanani acacisiwe ekhompyutha; ngakho-ke kulula ukwazi izici zenye inhlanganisela yamabhithi ukusizakala ngezinto zazo zedijithali:
I-Terabytes
Ama-Terabyte nawo aqukethe izingcezu eziningi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kumayunithi wesitoreji sangaphandle noma kuma-hard drive akha amanye amakhompyutha. Inamandla amancane kunama-petabyte, ngoba i-1 Terabyte ilingana nama-Gigabyte ayi-1024, kepha ngaleli nani ivumela ukusebenza okuhlukahlukene kwekhompyutha ukwenziwa kukhompyutha noma ngenethiwekhi ethile.
Njengamanje, abasebenzisi abaningi bafuna indlela yokuba neyunithi yokubeka eyi-1 Terabyte ngenxa yokuthi imisebenzi yemishini iyanda noma kunendlela yokulondoloza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zedatha kudivayisi yalomthamo. Ngokuqonda ukuthi yini kancane, kuyaqondakala ukuthi ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yedatha ehlukile kungenzeka ukuthi leli nani ledijithali libe yisikali esiphakeme kakhulu kwizilinganiso zekhompyutha.
Ukulandelana kwama-byte okucutshungulwa kwimishini kubanzi kakhulu ngoba i-bit ngayinye ixutshwe nenye, okwandisa inani noma inani lesitoreji, isibonelo sokusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi alo mthamo wokonga ngaphezu kwama-200 amafayela alalelwayo kufaka phakathi amafayili evidiyo nezithombe ngakho-ke kunezinzuzo eziningi ekusebenziseni amadivayisi we-1 Terabyte.
Uma ufuna ukwazi ngohlelo lokuvikela olusetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi nakumakhompiyutha, kuyanconywa ukuthi ubone i-athikili ikuyo Kuyini isicishamlilo?, lapho kuchazwa khona ukuthi iqukethe ini, ukubaluleka kwayo, ukusebenza kwayo, izinhlobo zayo eziyinhloko kanye nokumiswa kwayo.
Ama-Petabyte
Lapho sichaza ukuthi yini kancane, sikhuluma ngeyunithi yokugcina idatha enomthamo omncane nokuthi ngenhlanganisela kuphindaphindwa okunomunye umthamo wokugcina kungasetshenziswa. Imemori yedijithali incike kulokho kulandelana kwamakhompiyutha ukumela ukudluliswa nokwenziwa kwedatha ohlelweni lwekhompyutha.
Phakathi kwazo kukhona amaPetabyte, aqukethe amayunithi wokugcina amandla amakhulu ngoba kwiPetabyte ngayinye onayo, ilingana nama-Terabyte ayi-1024, lokhu kuyinani elikhulu lamabhithi aqoqelwe ukusungula imininingwane nedatha yefayela noma kusuka kwisoftware, ngale ndlela ukudlulisa kwenziwa ngohlelo lokusebenza lwekhompyutha.
Njengamanje, lapho uchaza ukuthi yini kancane, kuyadingeka ukugqamisa amaPetabyte, ngoba angakwazi ukugcina inani elikhulu lemininingwane, isibonelo salokhu ukuthi inethuba lokugcina izithombe ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10 ezivame ukusebenza ngokuhlukile amaseva.noma ipulatifomu efana ne-Facebook noma i-Instagram okuyizinkundla zokuxhumana ezisetshenziselwa ukushicilelwa kwezithombe namavidiyo.
Ngokufanayo, iseva yeGoogle idinga ama-Petabyte angaphezu kwelilodwa ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zedatha yawo wonke amapulatifomu angafinyelelwa yilenjini yokusesha. Ngokuthuthuka kwetheknoloji, imiphumela ekhethekile inyuse umthamo wayo wokugcina, yingakho basebenzisa ama-bits amaningi ukwenza ukulandelana kwedatha ekwenzeni i-interface.
Uma ufuna ukwazi ngamaseva we-inthanethi asetshenziswa ekusebenzeni ngakunye kwenethiwekhi, uzomenywa ukuthi ufunde i-athikili ye- Izici zeseva yenethiwekhi, lapho kuchazwa khona izakhiwo zayo ezibaluleke kakhulu kusoftware nakwihadiwe.
BI
Ngokuvamile, ama-Exabytes asetshenziswa ku-BIG DATA ngendlela efanayo ne-Petabytes, ngoba kudingeka ukulandelana okukhudlwana ekusetshenzisweni kwedatha okwenziwa kumakhompyutha. Uphawu lwayo luqukethe i-EB futhi lilingana nama-Petabyte ayi-1000; njengamanje le yunithi yokugcina isetshenziswa ekudlulisweni kwedatha okwenziwa kumanethiwekhi ukuze isekele ukuzulazula kwezigidi zabasebenzisi.
