Idan kana son ƙarin sani game da ayyukan Gesternova a Spain muna ba ku a cikin wannan ɗaba'ar cikakken jagora game da ayyukanta, sadaukar da kai ga Green Energy da rage hayakin Co2, da jerin ra'ayoyi masu alaƙa.
Menene Gesterova?
Gesternova kamfani ne na makamashi na Sipaniya wanda aka kafa a cikin 2005 don samar da kuɗaɗen wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa 100% don gidaje da kasuwanci. A halin yanzu, fiye da abokan ciniki 23.000 ne suka yi rajistar ɗaya daga cikin kuɗin wutar lantarki. Koyi a nan farashin, yanayi da ra'ayoyin na abokan cinikinku
Ƙungiyar Gesternova Energía ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta wadda ba ta cikin kowace ƙungiyar makamashi, sai dai a Ceuta da Melilla, tana sayar da wutar lantarki a cikin Spain. Gesternova yana aiki a cikin kasuwar wutar lantarki kyauta kuma yana ba da ƙimar haske mai mahimmanci don amfanin gida da kasuwanci. Masu siyar da wutar lantarki suma suna da alhakin wakiltar kasuwa fiye da 9.000 masu samar da wutar lantarki.
Bayanan asali
- Saukewa: A84337849
- Adireshin gidan waya: Paseo de la Castellana, 259, C. Crystal Tower, 28046, Madrid.
- Teléfono de Gesternova: 900 373 105
Talla
Gesternova yana ba da farashin wutar lantarki daban-daban don gidaje ko kamfanoni na siyarwa. Daga cikin waɗannan jadawalin kuɗin fito, za mu iya samun ingantaccen jadawalin kuɗin fito, don haka ba lallai ne ku damu da ɗaukar lokaci da ɓata lokaci ba, saboda farashin wutar lantarki da rana ya fi farashin wutar dare. Gesternova bai riga ya tallata farashin iskar gas ba.
Daga farkon sabis ɗin, duk farashin gida na Gesternova ya kasance iri ɗaya har tsawon shekara guda. Kamfanin zai tuntube ku a ƙarshen kowace shekara don sanar da ku yiwuwar canje-canjen farashin farashin su.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa babu iyaka lokaci a cikin kamfanin, don haka za ku iya canza masu kasuwa a kowane lokaci ba tare da biyan ƙarin ba. A cikin tsibirin Balearic da Canary, farashin wutar lantarki na Gesternova ya ɗan canza kaɗan.
- Tariff/Lokacin Ƙarfi/Lokacin Amfani
- Ina Canja 0.1152 €/kW rana 0.1175 €/kWh
- Dare da rana €0.1152/kW Mafi girman rana: €0.1490/kWh
- Kwarin: €0.0703/kWh
- Ƙididdigar Yuro 0.1152/kW ranar kasuwa
Farashin Kasuwanci
- Tariff/Lokacin Ƙarfi/Lokacin Amfani
- MeCambio PLUS 0.1218 €/kW rana 0.1300 €/kWh
- Dare da rana PLUS €0.1218/kW Mafi girman rana: €0.1625/kWh
- Kwarin: €0.085/kWh
- Fihirisar PLUS 0.1218 €/kW ranar kasuwa
- Matsayin Ajiye 3.0 Kololuwa: €0.1184/kW Mafi girman rana: €0.1142/kWh
- Kwarin: €0.074/kW Kwarin rana: €0.0988/kWh
- Supervalley: €0.051/kW rana Supervalley: €0.0748/kWh
- Maƙasudin 3.0 Kololuwa: €0.1116/kW farashin kasuwa
- Valley: € 0.0669 / kW rana
- Supervalley: €0.0446/kW rana
- An yi amfani da farashi ba tare da VAT ba.
Darajar Motocin Lantarki
- Tariff Termin Power Term of Consumption
- SuperValle 2.0DHS 0.1152 €/kW Mafi Girma: 0.1527 €/kWh
- Kwarin: €0.0859/kWh
- Supervalley: €0.0729/kWh
- SuperValle Plus 2.1 DHS 0.1218 €/kW Mafi Girma: 0.1652 €/kWh
- Kwarin: €0.0988/kWh
- Supervalley: €0.0765/kWh
Lambobin waya Gesternova
- Tuntuɓi / Waya
- Sabbin ma'aikata 91 076 66 35
- Sabis na Abokin Ciniki 900 373 105 / 91 357 52 64
- Sabis na abokin ciniki comercial@gesternova.com / info@gesternova.com
- Imel don abokan ciniki comercial@gesternova.com
- Latsa lamba 91 357 52 64
- Latsa imel communicacion@gesternova.com
Cire Carbon Dioxide
Cire Carbon Dioxide ko Ragewa (CDR), wanda kuma aka sani da kawar da iskar gas, tsari ne wanda ake cire iskar carbon dioxide (CO2) daga sararin samaniya kuma a keɓe shi na dogon lokaci.
A cikin mahallin maƙasudin isar da iskar gas mai gurbata yanayi, DRC tana ƙara shiga cikin manufofin sauyin yanayi hanyoyin DRC kuma ana san su da fasahohin da ba su da kyau yayin da suke kawar da hayaƙi mai gurɓataccen iska daga ayyuka kamar kona albarkatun mai.
Madadin
Hanyoyin CDW sun haɗa da dazuzzuka, ayyukan noma waɗanda ke sarrafa carbon a cikin ƙasa, makamashin halittu tare da kama carbon da adanawa, takin teku, haɓaka yanayi, da kama kai tsaye daga iska lokacin da aka haɗa su da ajiya. Don tantance ko an sami isar da saƙo mara kyau tare da wani tsari na musamman, dole ne a yi cikakken nazarin yanayin rayuwa na tsarin.
A madadin, wasu kafofin suna amfani da kalmar "carbon dioxide kau" don komawa ga duk wata fasaha da ke cire carbon dioxide, kamar kamawa kai tsaye daga iska, amma ana iya amfani dashi ta hanyar da za ta karu maimakon rage yawan hayaki a kan lokaci. aiwatar da tsarin rayuwa.
Binciken IPCC na hanyoyin magance sauyin yanayi waɗanda suka yi daidai da ƙayyadaddun dumamar yanayi zuwa 1,5°C ta kammala da cewa duk hanyoyin da aka tantance sun haɗa da amfani da CDW don kawar da hayaƙi.
Rahoton yarjejeniya na 2019 na NAASEM ya kammala cewa, ta yin amfani da hanyoyin CDW da ake da su a ma'auni waɗanda za a iya amfani da su cikin aminci da tattalin arziƙi, akwai yuwuwar cirewa da sarrafa har zuwa gigaton 10 na carbon dioxide a kowace shekara, tare da kawar da iskar gas a kashi biyar na adadin da ake samar da su.
Ra'ayoyin da suke amfani da kalmomi iri ɗaya
CDW na iya ruɗewa da kamawar carbon da adanawa (CCS), tsarin da ake tattara carbon dioxide daga maɓuɓɓugar ma'ana, kamar masana'antar sarrafa iskar gas, waɗanda tarin su ke fitar da CO2 a cikin rafi mai tauri. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi don sarrafa carbon daga tashar wutar lantarki mai amfani da iskar gas, CCS yana rage hayaki daga ci gaba da amfani da tushen batu, amma baya rage adadin carbon dioxide da ya riga ya kasance a cikin yanayi.
Mai yuwuwar rage sauyin yanayi
Amfani da CDR a dai-daita da sauran ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na rage fitar da hayaki mai gurbata yanayi, kamar tura makamashin da za a iya sabuntawa, na iya zama ƙasa da tsada da kawo cikas fiye da amfani da wasu ƙoƙarin kaɗai.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AlSj_yarCfU
Rahoton binciken yarjejeniya na 2019 na NASEM ya kimanta yuwuwar duk nau'ikan CDW ban da hadi na teku wanda za'a iya tura shi cikin aminci da tattalin arziki ta hanyar amfani da fasahohin zamani, yana kiyasin cewa za su iya cire har zuwa gigaton 10 na CO2 a kowace shekara, idan an aiwatar da su sosai a duk duniya, lissafin. don kashi biyar na gigaton 50 na CO2 da ake fitarwa a kowace shekara daga ayyukan ɗan adam.
A cikin nazarin 2018 IPCC na hanyoyin da za a iya iyakance sauyin yanayi, duk hanyoyin da za a binne hanyoyin da za su hana fiye da 1,5 ° C na dumamar yanayi sun haɗa da matakan CDW.
Hanyoyi Rage Rage
Wasu hanyoyin sassautawa suna ba da shawara don cimma ƙimar CDW mafi girma ta hanyar yawan amfani da fasaha, duk da haka waɗannan hanyoyin suna nufin cewa an juya ɗaruruwan miliyoyin kadada na gonakin noma zuwa noman mai.
Ƙarin bincike a cikin wuraren kama iska kai tsaye, jigilar carbon dioxide na geological, da ma'adinan carbon zai iya haifar da ci gaban fasaha wanda ke haifar da ƙimar CDW mafi girma ta tattalin arziki.
Rahoton na IPCC na 2018 ya bayyana cewa dogaro da babban jigila na CDW zai zama "babban haɗari" don cimma burin ƙasa da 1,5 ° C na ɗumamar, idan aka ba da rashin tabbas game da yadda za a iya samun sauri cikin sauri.
Dabarun rage sauyin yanayi waɗanda suka dogara da CDW kaɗan da ƙari akan amfani da makamashi mai dorewa suna ɗaukar ƙasa da wannan haɗarin. An bayyana yuwuwar aika manyan ayyuka na RCD a nan gaba a matsayin haɗari na ɗabi'a, saboda zai iya haifar da raguwa na ɗan lokaci a ƙoƙarin rage sauyin yanayi.
Cire Carbon
Rarraba carbon ko cire carbon dioxide (CDR) shine cirewa, kamawa, ko raba carbon dioxide na dogon lokaci daga sararin samaniya don jinkiri ko juyar da gurɓataccen iska na CO2 da ragewa ko juyawa dumamar yanayi.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) ana kama shi ta dabi'a daga sararin samaniya ta hanyar nazarin halittu, sinadarai da tsarin jiki. Ana iya haɓaka waɗannan sauye-sauye ta hanyar sauye-sauyen amfani da ƙasa da ayyukan noma, kamar jujjuyawar filayen noma da kiwo zuwa ƙasa don tsire-tsire waɗanda ba su da saurin girma.
Tsarin aiki
An tsara matakai na wucin gadi don samar da irin wannan tasirin, ciki har da babban kamawa na wucin gadi da kuma rarraba CO2 da aka samar a masana'antu ta hanyar amfani da ruwa na ruwa na karkashin kasa, tafki, ruwan teku, filayen mai tsufa ko wasu kwandon carbon, bioenergy tare da kama carbon da adanawa, biochar, hadi na teku, ingantattun yanayi, da kama iska kai tsaye lokacin da aka haɗa su da ajiya.
Akwai yiwuwar buƙatar RCD a bainar jama'a da dama na mutane da ƙungiyoyi masu alaƙa da canjin yanayi, gami da shugaban IPCC Rajendra Pachauri, sakatariyar zartarwa ta UNFCCC Christiana Figueres, da Cibiyar Kallon Duniya.
Cibiyoyin da ke da manyan shirye-shiryen da aka mayar da hankali kan CDR sun haɗa da Cibiyar Lenfest don Dorewa Makamashi a Cibiyar Duniya ta Jami'ar Columbia, da Cibiyar Yanke Shawarar Yanayi, haɗin gwiwar kasa da kasa da ke aiki a Sashen Injiniya da Harkokin Jama'a a Jami'ar Carnegie-Mellon.
Descripción
Sequestration na Carbon tsari ne na kamawa da adana na dogon lokaci na carbon dioxide (CO2) kuma yana iya komawa musamman zuwa: "Tsarin cire carbon daga sararin samaniya da ajiye shi a cikin tafki" Lokacin da aka aiwatar da gangan, ana iya kuma iya zama. ake kira carbon dioxide kau, wanda wani nau'i ne na geoengineering.
Kama da adana carbon, inda ake fitar da carbon dioxide daga iskar hayaƙi (misali a cikin masana'antar wutar lantarki) kafin a adana shi a cikin tafkunan ƙarƙashin ƙasa.
Keke-kaken halittun halittu na halitta na carbon tsakanin yanayi da tafkunan ruwa, misali ta hanyar sinadarai yanayi na duwatsu. Ana iya kama carbon dioxide azaman samfur mai tsafta a cikin matakai masu alaƙa da tace mai ko daga iskar hayaƙi daga samar da wutar lantarki.
Muhimman al'amura
Rarraba Carbon yana bayyana adana dogon lokaci na carbon dioxide ko wasu nau'ikan carbon don ragewa ko jinkirta dumamar yanayi da hana sauyin yanayi mai haɗari. An ba da shawarar a matsayin hanyar da za a magance yawan gurɓataccen iskar gas da kuma ta ruwa, waɗanda ke fitowa ta hanyar konewar albarkatun mai da kuma, mafi girma, ta hanyar samar da dabbobin masana'antu.
Ana kama carbon dioxide ta halitta daga yanayi ta hanyar nazarin halittu, sinadarai ko tsarin jiki. Wasu fasahohin keɓancewa na wucin gadi suna amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin na halitta, yayin da wasu ke amfani da tsarin wucin gadi gaba ɗaya.
3 siffofin
Akwai hanyoyi guda uku don cim ma wannan ɓarna: kama bayan konewa, kama kafin konewa, da kuma harbin iska. Ana amfani da fasahohin rabuwa iri-iri iri-iri, irin su rabuwar lokaci na iskar gas, sha a cikin ruwa da kuma tallatawa a cikin daskararru, da kuma tsarin tsarin matasan, kamar tsarin tallatawa / membrane.
Wadannan matakai da gaske suna kama iskar carbon da sabbin masana'antun samar da wutar lantarki, masana'antu, masana'antu masu ƙone mai, da wuraren samar da dabbobi ke fitarwa yayin da suke jujjuya dabarun aikin gona na dawo da su, waɗanda ƙungiyoyin ke juyawa yayin neman rage hayaƙi.
hanyoyin nazarin halittu
Biosequestration
Biosequestration shine kamawa da adanar iskar gas na yanayi, carbon dioxide, ta ci gaba ko ingantattun hanyoyin nazarin halittu. Wannan nau'i na rarraba carbon yana faruwa ta hanyar haɓaka ƙimar photosynthesis ta hanyar amfani da ƙasa kamar sake dazuzzuka, kula da gandun daji mai dorewa, da injiniyan kwayoyin halitta.
Rarraba carbon ta hanyoyin nazarin halittu yana shafar zagayowar carbon ta duniya. Wasu misalan manyan sauye-sauyen yanayi ne, kamar taron Azolla, wanda ya haifar da yanayin arctic na yanzu. Irin waɗannan matakai sun haifar da burbushin mai da kuma clathrates da farar ƙasa. Ta hanyar sarrafa waɗannan hanyoyin, geoengineers suna da niyyar haɓaka rarrabuwa.
peat bogs
Ƙasar ƙasa tana aiki kamar yadda iskar carbon ke nutsewa saboda tarin ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen biomass wanda in ba haka ba zai ci gaba da ruɓewa. Akwai bambance-bambance a cikin girman wuraren da ƙasa ke aiki a matsayin mahaɗar carbon ko tushen da zai iya kasancewa da alaƙa da bambancin yanayi a sassa daban-daban na duniya da lokuta daban-daban na shekara.
Ta hanyar ƙirƙirar sabbin filayen ƙasa, ko haɓaka waɗanda suke da su, adadin carbon da aka keɓance shi ta hanyar tudu zai ƙaru.
Gandun daji
Gandun daji shine kafa dazuzzuka a yankin da a baya ba a rufe bishiya. Dake dazuzzuka shine sake dasa bishiyoyi akan filayen noma da wuraren kiwo na gefe don shigar da carbon daga CO2 zuwa kwayoyin halitta. Don wannan tsari na sarrafa carbon ya yi nasara, ba dole ba ne a mayar da carbon zuwa sararin samaniya ta wurin ƙonawa mai yawa ko ruɓe lokacin da bishiyoyi suka mutu.
Don yin wannan, kada a canza ƙasar da aka keɓe ga bishiyoyi zuwa wasu amfani kuma kulawa da yawan rikice-rikice na iya zama dole don guje wa abubuwan da suka faru. Wata yuwuwar ita ce itacen nasu bishiyar an jera su, alal misali ta hanyar biochar, bioenergy carbon storage (BECS), wuraren share ƙasa, ko 'ajiya' ta hanyar amfani, misali wajen gini.
Koyaya, idan babu ci gaba na dindindin, sake dazuzzuka tare da bishiyoyi masu tsayi (>shekaru 100) zai lalata carbon na ɗan lokaci mai yawa kuma a hankali sakin shi, rage tasirin yanayin carbon a cikin ƙarni na XNUMXst.
Sauran Al'amura
Duniya tana ba da isasshen sarari don dasa ƙarin bishiyoyi tiriliyan 1,2. Dasa su da kare su zai kashe kimanin shekaru 10 na iskar CO2 da kuma raba tan biliyan 205.000 na carbon.
Wannan tsarin yana samun goyon bayan Gangamin Bishiyoyin Tiriliyan. Maido da duk dazuzzukan dazuzzukan duniya zai raba kusan tan biliyan 205.000 na carbon gaba ɗaya (kimanin 2/3 na duk hayaƙin carbon).
A cikin wata kasida da aka buga a cikin mujallar Nature Sustainability, masu binciken sunyi nazarin tasirin ci gaba da ginawa bisa ga ayyukan yau da kullum tare da karuwar yawan kayan itace kuma sun kammala cewa idan a cikin shekaru 30 masu zuwa sabon ginin ya yi amfani da 90% na kayan itace na itace. Ton miliyan 700 na carbon za a tattara su. Wannan yayi dai-dai da fitar da hayakin duniya kusan kwanaki 7 a shekarar 2019.
gandun daji na birni
Gandun dazuzzuka na birni yana ƙara yawan iskar carbon da ke cikin birane ta hanyar ƙara sabbin wuraren bishiyar, kuma gurɓacewar carbon yana faruwa a tsawon rayuwar bishiyar. Gabaɗaya ana aiwatar da shi kuma ana kiyaye shi akan ƙananan ma'auni, kamar a cikin birane.
Sakamakon dazuzzuka na birane na iya bambanta dangane da nau'in ciyayi da aka yi amfani da su, don haka yana iya aiki a matsayin nutsewa amma kuma a matsayin tushen hayaki Tare da sequestration da tsire-tsire, wanda ke da wuyar aunawa amma da alama ba shi da tasiri a kan jimillar. adadin carbon dioxide da aka kama, ciyayi na iya yin tasiri kai tsaye akan carbon ta hanyar rage buƙatar amfani da makamashi.
maido da dausayi
Ƙasar daɗaɗɗen ƙasa muhimmiyar mahimmanci ce ta carbon; Ana samun kashi 14,5% na carbon carbon a cikin ƙasa mai dausayi, yayin da kashi 6% kawai na ƙasar duniya ke da ƙasa mai dausayi.
Noma
Idan aka kwatanta da ciyayi na halitta, ƙasan gonaki sun ƙare a cikin ƙasa Organic carbon (SOC). Lokacin da ƙasa ta juye zuwa ƙasa ta halitta ko ƙasa ta dabi'a, kamar gandun daji, gandun daji, filayen ciyawa, ciyayi da savannas, abubuwan SOC a cikin ƙasa suna raguwa da 30-40%. Wannan hasarar ta faru ne saboda cire kayan shuka mai dauke da carbon, dangane da amfanin gona.
Lokacin amfani da ƙasa ya canza, carbon ƙasa yana ƙaruwa ko raguwa, kuma wannan canjin yana ci gaba har sai ƙasa ta kai sabon ma'auni. Bambance-bambance daga wannan ma'auni kuma na iya shafar bambancin yanayi.
Ana iya magance raguwar abubuwan da ke cikin SOC ta hanyar ƙara yawan shigar da carbon, wanda za a iya yi da dabaru daban-daban, misali ta hanyar barin ragowar amfanin gona a cikin gona, ta yin amfani da taki azaman taki ko haɗa da amfanin gona na dindindin a juyawa. Shuka amfanin gona na dindindin suna da mafi girman juzu'in biomass a ƙasa, wanda ke ƙara abun ciki na SOC.
gaba daya tasiri
A duk duniya, an kiyasta ƙasa tana ɗauke da fiye da gigatons 8.580 na ƙwayoyin carbon, kusan sau goma adadin da ke cikin yanayi kuma fiye da na ciyayi.
Gyara ayyukan noma sananniyar hanyar rarraba carbon ne, kamar yadda ƙasa zata iya aiki azaman ingantacciyar nitsewar iskar carbon da ke kashe kashi 20% na iskar carbon dioxide a shekara ta 2010.
Maido da aikin noma da tsutsotsin ƙasa na iya cika cikar wuce gona da iri na carbon na 4 Gt a kowace shekara kuma ya rage yawan wuce gona da iri.
Hanyar
Hanyoyin rage hayakin carbon a cikin aikin gona za a iya kasu kashi biyu: ragewa da/ko kawar da hayaki da haɓaka fitar da carbon. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan ragi sun haɗa da haɓaka haɓakar ayyukan noma (misali, ƙarin kayan aiki masu amfani da mai), yayin da wasu sun haɗa da rushewa ga yanayin yanayin carbon.
Bugu da ƙari, wasu fasahohi masu tasiri (kamar kawar da ƙuƙuka) na iya haifar da mummunan tasiri a kan wasu abubuwan muhalli (ƙaramar amfani da ciyawa don sarrafa ciyawa da ba a lalata ta hanyar ƙonewa).
Sauran hanyoyin
Blue carbon yana nufin carbon dioxide da aka cire daga sararin samaniya ta yanayin yanayin teku na duniya, musamman algae, mangroves, marshes gishiri, ciyawa, da macroalgae, ta hanyar ci gaban shuka da tarawa da binne kwayoyin halitta a cikin teku.
A tarihi, teku, yanayi, ƙasa, da yanayin dazuzzuka sun kasance mafi girman nutsewar carbon (C). "Blue Carbon" yana bayyana carbon da ke daidaitawa ta cikin manyan halittun teku, maimakon yanayin yanayin ƙasa na gargajiya kamar gandun daji. Tekuna suna rufe kashi 70% na duniya, don haka maido da yanayin yanayin teku yana da mafi girman yuwuwar haɓakar carbon shuɗi.
Mangroves, marshes na gishiri, da ciyawa na teku sune mafi yawan wuraren zama masu ciyayi a cikin teku, amma suna da kashi 0,05 cikin ɗari na ƙwayoyin halitta a ƙasa.
Análisis
Duk da ƙananan sawun su, za su iya adana kwatankwacin adadin carbon a kowace shekara kuma suna da inganci sosai. Tsire-tsire na teku, mangroves, da marshes na gishiri na iya kama carbon dioxide (CO2) daga sararin samaniya ta hanyar yin amfani da C a cikin matsugunan su na ƙasa da ƙasa da ƙasa, da kuma matattun halittu.
A cikin kwayoyin halitta, irin su ganye, mai tushe, rassan ko tushen, ana iya yin amfani da carbon blue na tsawon shekaru ko shekarun da suka gabata, kuma na dubban ko miliyoyin shekaru a cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Ƙididdiga na yanzu na ƙarfin jana'izar C na dogon lokaci na carbon shuɗi suna canzawa, kuma bincike yana gudana.
Ko da yake ciyayi masu ciyayi a bakin teku suna rufe ƙasa kaɗan kuma suna da ƙarancin halittu na sama sama da shuke-shuken ƙasa, suna da yuwuwar yin tasiri na rarrabuwar kawuna na C na dogon lokaci, musamman a cikin magudanar ruwa.
Damuwa
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke damun shuɗi na carbon shine cewa yawan asarar waɗannan mahimman halittun ruwa ya fi na kowane yanayi a duniya, ko da idan aka kwatanta da gandun daji na wurare masu zafi.
Ƙididdiga na yanzu suna nuna asarar 2-7% a kowace shekara, ba kawai asara daga iskar carbon ba, har ma da asarar muhimmin wurin zama don kula da yanayi, kariyar bakin teku da lafiya.
Gesternova: Green Energy
Koren makamashi shine kowane nau'in makamashi da ake samarwa daga albarkatun kasa, kamar hasken rana, iska, ko ruwa. Yawanci yana fitowa ne daga hanyoyin samar da makamashi mai sabuntawa, ko da yake akwai wasu bambance-bambance tsakanin makamashi mai sabuntawa da makamashin kore, wanda zamu tattauna a kasa.
Makullin wadannan albarkatun makamashi shi ne cewa ba sa cutar da muhalli saboda dalilai kamar fitar da iskar gas a sararin samaniya.
Ta yaya yake aiki?
A matsayin tushen makamashi, koren makamashi yawanci yana fitowa ne daga fasahohin makamashi masu sabuntawa kamar hasken rana, wutar iska, wutar lantarki, biomass, da wutar lantarki. Kowace irin waɗannan fasahohin na aiki ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban, ko dai ta hanyar ɗaukar makamashi daga rana, kamar yadda ake amfani da hasken rana, ko kuma ta hanyar amfani da injin turbin iska ko magudanar ruwa don samar da wuta.
Me ake nufi?
Don a yi la'akari da makamashin kore, albarkatu ba za ta iya haifar da gurɓatacce ba, kamar yadda lamarin yake da mai. Wannan yana nufin cewa ba duk hanyoyin da masana'antun makamashi masu sabuntawa ke amfani da su ba kore ne. Misali, samar da wutar lantarki da ke kona kayan halitta daga dazuzzuka masu ɗorewa na iya zama sabuntawa, amma ba lallai ba ne kore, saboda CO2 da tsarin konewa ya samar da kansa.
Koren makamashi sau da yawa ana cika su ta dabi'a, sabanin tushen mai kamar iskar gas ko kwal, wanda zai iya ɗaukar miliyoyin shekaru don haɓakawa. Har ila yau, tushen kore suna guje wa ayyukan hakar ma'adinai ko hakowa wanda zai iya cutar da yanayin halittu.
Nau'in Green Energy
Babban tushen wutar lantarki, hasken rana, da wutar lantarki (ciki har da wutar lantarki, wanda ke amfani da makamashi daga igiyoyin ruwa a cikin teku). Ana iya samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana da iska akan ƙaramin sikeli a cikin gidaje ko a madadin haka ana iya samar da su akan sikelin masana'antu mafi girma.
Siffofin da suka fi kowa yawa su ne kamar haka
1. Hasken rana
Wannan kore na gama-gari, tushen makamashi mai sabuntawa ana samar da shi ta amfani da sel na hotovoltaic waɗanda ke ɗaukar hasken rana kuma su canza shi zuwa wutar lantarki. Ana kuma amfani da makamashin hasken rana don dumama gine-gine da ruwan zafi, da kuma dafa abinci da kunna wuta. A yau, makamashin hasken rana yana da araha mai araha da za a iya amfani da shi don ayyukan gida, gami da lambuna masu haske, amma kuma ana amfani da shi akan sikeli mai girma don ƙarfafa duka unguwanni.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQ-3hSdJI-0
2. Ikon iska
Musamman wanda ya dace da teku da kuma wurare masu tsayi, wutar lantarki na amfani da karfin iska a duk duniya wajen fitar da injin turbin da ke samar da wutar lantarki.
3. Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa
Har ila yau, da aka sani da wutar lantarki, irin wannan nau'in makamashin kore yana amfani da magudanar ruwa a cikin koguna, koguna, madatsun ruwa, ko kuma wani wuri don samar da makamashi. Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na iya aiki ko da a kan ƙananan ma'auni ta hanyar amfani da ruwa ta hanyar bututu a cikin gida ko kuma yana iya fitowa daga ƙazantar ruwa, ruwan sama ko magudanar ruwa a cikin teku.
Matsayin "ecology" na nau'ikan makamashin kore guda uku masu zuwa ya dogara da yadda aka halicce su…
4. Ƙarfin ƙasa
Irin wannan makamashin kore yana amfani da makamashin zafi da aka adana a ƙarƙashin ɓawon ƙasa. Ko da yake samun damar wannan albarkatun yana buƙatar hakowa, wanda ke haifar da ayar tambaya game da tasirin muhalli, babban albarkatu ne da zarar an taɓa shi. An yi amfani da makamashin kasa da kasa wajen yin wanka a magudanan ruwan zafi tsawon dubban shekaru kuma ana iya amfani da wannan albarkatun wajen juya tururi don juya injina da samar da wutar lantarki.
Makamashin da aka adana a karkashin Amurka ya isa ya samar da karin wutar lantarki sau 10 fiye da yadda kwal ke samarwa a halin yanzu. Ko da yake wasu ƙasashe, irin su Iceland, suna da albarkatun ƙasa cikin sauƙi, amma albarkatu ce ta dogara da wuri don sauƙin amfani, kuma don zama cikakkun hanyoyin hakowa na “kore” dole ne a sa ido sosai.
5. Biomass
Wannan albarkatun da za a sabunta kuma dole ne a sarrafa su a hankali domin a yi masa lakabi da tushen "makamashi kore". Matakan samar da wutar lantarki suna amfani da itacen datti, ciyawar ciyawa da sauran gurɓatattun kayan aikin gona masu ƙonewa don ƙirƙirar makamashi. Duk da cewa konewar wadannan kayan na fitar da iskar iskar gas, har yanzu wadannan hayakin sun yi kasa da na man fetur da ake samu.
6. Biofuels
Maimakon ƙone biomass kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, waɗannan kayan aikin za a iya canza su zuwa mai kamar ethanol da biodiesel. Bayan da aka samar da kashi 2,7% na man fetur na jigilar kayayyaki a duniya a shekarar 2010, an kiyasta cewa man biofuels zai iya biyan sama da kashi 25% na buƙatun man sufuri a duniya a shekarar 2050.
Muhimmancin Green Energy
Koren makamashi yana da mahimmanci ga muhalli yayin da yake maye gurbin mummunan tasirin burbushin mai tare da madadin kore. An samo shi daga albarkatun ƙasa, makamashin kore shi ma sau da yawa ana sabunta shi kuma yana da tsabta, ma'ana yana fitar da iskar gas kaɗan ko babu kuma galibi ana samunsa.
Ko da lokacin da aka yi la'akari da cikakken yanayin rayuwa na tushen makamashin kore, suna fitar da iskar iskar gas kaɗan kaɗan fiye da kasusuwan burbushin halittu, da kaɗan ko ƙananan matakan gurɓataccen iska. Wannan ba wai kawai yana da kyau ga duniyar ba, har ma yana da kyau ga lafiyar mutane da dabbobi waɗanda dole ne su sha iska.
Har ila yau, koren makamashi na iya haifar da tsayayyen farashin makamashi, saboda galibi ana samar da waɗannan hanyoyin a cikin gida kuma ba su da tasiri da rikice-rikicen geopolitical, hauhawar farashin, ko rushewar sarkar samarwa.
Amfanin tattalin arziki
Har ila yau, fa'idojin tattalin arziki sun haɗa da samar da ayyukan yi a cikin gine-ginen, wanda yawanci yakan yi hidima ga al'ummomin da ma'aikata ke aiki. Makamashi mai sabuntawa ya ga ƙirƙirar ayyuka miliyan 11 a duk duniya a cikin 2018, kuma wannan adadin yana shirin haɓaka yayin da muke ƙoƙarin cimma burin kamar sifili.
Saboda yanayin samar da makamashi ta gida ta hanyoyin kamar hasken rana da iska, ababen more rayuwa na makamashi sun fi sassauya kuma ba su dogara da tushe na tsakiya wanda zai iya haifar da katsewa, da kuma rashin juriya ga sauyin yanayi.
Har ila yau makamashin kore yana wakiltar mafita mai rahusa ga buƙatun makamashi a sassa da dama na duniya. Wannan zai kara kyau yayin da farashin ke ci gaba da faduwa, yana kara kara samun damar samar da makamashin koren, musamman a kasashe masu tasowa.
Idan wannan abu ya kasance da amfani gare ku, muna gayyatar ku don tuntuɓar wasu labarai masu alaƙa ko bayanai masu alaƙa:
Hello, Luz Spain: Kamfanin 100% kore
goiener: Samar da Makamashi da Amfani
Aikin Noma: Wutar Lantarki ta Waya da ƙimar kuɗi a Spain