Ƙungiyar sarrafawa ta tsakiya tana ɗauke da muhimman sassa na kwamfuta. Anan zamu nuna muku babban Halayen CPU, ciki har da na abubuwan da ke ciki.
Siffofin CPU
Bangaren Processing Unit, wanda aka fi sani da CPU, processor na tsakiya ko microprocessor, wani bangare ne na kayan masarrafar kwamfuta, wato bangaren jiki ko na zahiri. Musamman, game da casing na wannan da abubuwan komputa da kwakwalwan kwamfuta da ke ciki.
Ta wannan hanyar, CPU ɗin ya ƙunshi: Motherboard, microprocessor, ƙwaƙwalwar RAM, faifai mai wuya, na'urorin ajiya na gani, katunan faɗaɗa da tashar jiragen ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, yana da raka'a masu zuwa: Unit decoding unit, arithmetic-logic unit and unit control Bus.
A gefe guda, babban Halayen CPU. Wadannan su ne:
CPU yana ɗaya daga cikin tubalan aiki guda uku na kwamfuta, saboda shine ke kula da fassara da aiwatar da umarni daga shirye -shiryen da aka adana a ƙwaƙwalwar. Ainihin, yana karɓar bayanan shigarwa, wanda ke canzawa zuwa sakamako na tsaka -tsaki, sannan ya mayar da shi azaman bayanan fitarwa.
Don haka, aikinsa yana da alaƙa ta kusa da na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da na'urorin shigar da fitarwa na kwamfutar. A takaice dai, duka ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, CPU da abubuwan haɗin gwiwa dole ne a haɗa su da juna. Wannan yana yiwuwa godiya ga motar bas, ƙungiyar kebul ko layin dijital wanda ke ba da damar hulɗa tsakanin su.
A kan wannan ɓangaren na ƙarshe, kuna iya sha'awar karanta labarin akan iri bas. Ci gaba!
Naúrar sauya bayani
Kamar yadda sunansa ya nuna, yana da alhakin fassarar umarnin da aka karɓa daga software. Wato ita ce ke da alhakin fitar da aikin da za a aiwatar, tare da kafa hanyar samun bayanan da ake bukata a gare ta.
Daga qarshe, wannan naúrar tana ba da damar a raba umarni zuwa sassa, wanda ke wakiltar wasu takamaiman ma’ana ga sauran raka’o’in na’urar sarrafawa ta tsakiya.
Ƙididdigar lissafi-ma'ana
An fi saninta da ALU, ta hanyar gajeriyar kalma a cikin Ingilishi don Rukunin Ƙididdiga-Lissafi. Yanayin dabaru ne wanda babban aikinsa shine aiwatar da ayyuka masu ma'ana, lissafi da juyawa da jujjuya bit. Ta wannan hanyar, shi ne sashin ilmin lissafi-mai ma'ana wanda ke bayyana ayyukan lissafin da kwamfuta za ta iya yi.
Ayyukan ALU yana farawa tare da shigar da bayanan da ke aiki azaman masu aiki, waɗanda ake aiwatar da ayyuka kamar: ƙari, ragi, da, ko, ba, da sauransu, kamar yadda lamarin yake. A ƙarshe, fitowar tana faruwa ne sakamakon waɗannan ayyukan.
Na'urar sarrafa bus
Wannan naurar ita ce ke kula da sarrafawa da lokacin canja wurin bayanai, na ciki da na waje. Yana nuna abin da kowane sashi dole ne yayi, da kuma lokacin da zai iya aiki. Wannan yana yiwuwa ta hanyar tsara jerin umarni na sigina na ciki da waje, wanda ya dace da aiwatar da umarnin, wanda ya ƙunshi abin da ake kira sake zagayowar koyarwa.
Don haka wannan madaidaiciyar da'irar tana samun damar koyar da wani shiri, karanta masu wasan kwaikwayo, aiwatar da aikin da ƙungiyar ilmin lissafi da ma'ana ta tanada kuma tana adana sakamakon.
A ƙarshe, ya kamata a ambaci cewa CPU ma yana da bankin rajista, wanda duk da cewa ba muhimmin abu bane na gine -gine na sashin sarrafawa na tsakiya, wani lokacin ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin ɗayan rukunin da muka bayyana a baya.
Babban banki
Ainihin, wannan jerin rijistar ya ƙunshi saiti na wuraren ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na musamman, wanda ke sauƙaƙe samun damar yin aiki da wuraren don adana sakamako.
Gabaɗaya sharuddan, rajista sune sel waɗanda ke cikin processor, kuma babban aikin su shine adana bayanai na ɗan lokaci. Wannan don daidaita aikin CPU.
Aikin wannan fayil mai yawa yana kunshe da rubuta bayanai a cikin rajista, amfani da ayyukan da suka dace da adana sakamakon daidai a cikin rajista, taƙaita lokacin don samun damar su.