Ka san abin da matakan ajiya a cikin kwamfuta? To kada ku damu! A cikin wannan labarin za ku koya game da kowannensu dalla -dalla. Ku zo ku san menene rajistar sararin samaniya wanda zai iya kasancewa a cikin na’ura, na ɗan lokaci ne ko na dindindin.
Matakan ajiya
Da farko, dole ne mu ayyana menene ragowa don sanin menene ragowa. ma'aunin ma'aunin kwamfuta, yi la'akari da gajartar kalmar "lambobi biyu" ("lambobi binary" a cikin Mutanen Espanya), a matsayin kwatanci, a cikin tsarin lambar ƙima don amfani da lambobi daga 0 zuwa 9, a cikin lambar binary, yi amfani da sifili da ɗaya kawai.
A cikin sarrafa kwamfuta, waɗannan wakilan sifili da waɗanda ake bayarwa ta hanyar watsawa ko rashin watsa makamashin lantarki a cikin da'irar da ke wakiltar kwamfutoci, saboda haka, adadi mai yawa daga cikinsu yana isa ga babban processor. Ana fassara ƙuƙwalwar azaman bayanai kuma, lokacin yin lissafin lissafi mai sauƙi da ma'ana, ana iya yin oda ta hanyar samun bayanai.
Ana canja wannan bayanin zuwa na’urorin da suka rage, sannan mai amfani zai iya amfani da na’urar fitarwa don gane ta ta hanyar tsinkayen sa, ko kuma a adana shi a wani wurin ajiya daban wanda ke da iyaka kamar kowane sashi na jiki. Sannan muna ayyana baiti a matsayin jerin ragowa 8 a jere wanda shine mafi ƙanƙanta rukunin da aka yi la’akari da su a cikin ajiyar bayanai, tunda ginin kwamfuta yana amfani da sashin da aka samu ta hanyar mai sarrafa 8-bit mai yawa, yana dogara ne akan mahara da yawa.
Koyaya, waɗannan jujjuyawar sun bambanta da na tsarin adadi ko mafi yawan tsarin aunawa amma kawai suna amfani da adadin 8, don haka la'akari da ikon yin juzu'in da ke sama kowane 1024, matakan lissafin sune kamar haka me zamu gani a cikin tebur na matakan ajiya:
- Byte, naúrar asali, taƙaice kamar B
- Kilobyte, ɗauke da prefix na harafin «k» - kB
- Megabyte, prefixed with the harafin "M" - MB
- Gigabyte, ɗauke da prefix na harafin "G" - GB
- Terabyte, prefixed tare da harafin "T" - TB
- Exabyte, prefixed tare da harafin "E" - EB
- Zettabyte, prefixed tare da harafin "Z" - ZB
- Yottabyte, ɗauke da prefix na harafin "Y" - YB
Menene matakan ajiya?.
Waɗannan tuƙi suna ci gaba da haɓakawa saboda yana yiwuwa a nuna cewa yana yiwuwa a ci gaba da wuce ƙarfin kafofin watsa labaru na dindindin na yau. Hakanan kuna iya samun wakilci inda aka ayyana baiti a matsayin "octet", yana yin wakilcin yayi daidai da abin da zai zama ragowa 8, kuma ku riƙe kyakkyawar ma'ana.
A cikin lissafin, kowane harafi, lamba ko alamar rubutu tana ɗaukar baiti ɗaya (ragowa 8). Misali, lokacin da fayil ɗin rubutu ya mamaye baiti 5,000 mun tabbata cewa daidai yake da haruffa 5,000 ko haruffa. Hakanan sararin yana buƙatar baiti ɗaya. Saboda bytes ƙaramin raka'a ne na bayanai, ana amfani da yawa: kilobytes (kB), megabytes (MB), da gigabytes (GB)
Dangane da yanayin adana hoto, tunda waɗannan hotunan suna ɗauke da dukkan bayanai dalla -dalla aya ɗaya, abin da muke kira pixels (PIc ELement), kowane batu yana buƙatar baiti ɗaya, don haka ana buƙatar hoton 1024 x 1024 pixels da 1,048,576 bytes = 1 ana buƙata. 256 megabytes na hotunan launi.
Saitin ragowa na iya wakiltar launi, sauti, da kusan kowane irin bayanin da kwamfuta ke iya sarrafa shi wanda zai iya adana shirye -shirye da bayanai azaman tarin ragowa. Don auna ƙarfin adana bayanai muna buƙatar sani: Ana bayyana lambobi na binary cikin Ingilishi, wanda ke nufin "lambobi biyu", saboda haka kalmar BIT (taƙaicewa a cikin yarenmu).
Bi mu don ƙarin koyo game da:Aikin katin bidiyo a kwamfuta
