Za mu sani a cikin wannan labarin menene Raid, Tsari ne na diski mai zaman kansa, wanda lokaci ne da ake amfani da shi a duniyar kwamfuta, za mu ba ku bayanai game da ɗaukar ciki, da fa'idarsa.
Menene hari
Raid, kalma ce wacce ke cikin duniyar komputa wanda ya ƙunshi ɓangaren kayan aikin. Kalma ce da ta samo asali daga yaren Ingilishi Redundant Array of Disks Independent, kuma an fassara shi zuwa yaren Spanish yana nufin: madaidaicin faifai mai zaman kansa, yana da kyau a lura cewa ba duk tsarin Raid ke ba da ragi ba, wanda za mu koya game da shi a cikin sakin layi na gaba.
Makasudin tsarin Raid disk shine kiyaye bayanai idan rumbun kwamfutarka ya gaza, a wasu lokutan yana aiki don haɓaka saurin karatu na diski daban -daban waɗanda ke da girma ɗaya.
Ya ƙunshi ƙirƙirar ƙarar guda ɗaya tare da rumbun kwamfutoci daban -daban waɗanda ke aiki tare, kuma a cikin wannan saitin za ku iya samun koma baya, wato, haƙurin laifi idan mutum bai amsa ba, an san shi da mirroring diski, ko kuma azaman mafi girma, da Hakanan ana kiranta diski, wanda ke sa duk saitin yayi aiki tare.
Ana iya kammalawa cewa hanyar adanawa ce, wacce ta ƙunshi matakan kuma ana ƙidaya su daga 0 zuwa 9, wasu daga cikin waɗannan sun fi amfani fiye da wasu.
Kowane matakin wata hanya ce ta daban, yana ba da damar tsarin ajiya, wasu ana iya haɗa su da juna, wanda ke haifar da matakin Raid mai lamba biyu, kamar Raid 10, wanda a wasu lokutan ana kiransa Raid 1 + 0. Kowane matakin Raid yana da nasa fa'ida da rashin nasa.
Mene ne?
Wata dabara ce da ake kira striping, wacce ke aiki don raba bayanai kafin rarrabawa a cikin tubalan inda aka adana su, yin ta cikin tsari a kan faifai iri -iri.
Akwai tsarin Raid, yana iya zama na ciki ko na waje kuma kayan aikin sa ko aiwatar da software, a wannan yanayin, Bios na tsarin aiki yana sarrafa Raid, inda rumbun kwamfutarka na iya zama IDE ko SATA.
Fa'idodi da fa'idodi
Hard drives suna da fasaha ta abubuwan da ke ƙunshe da su MTBF, Ma'ana Lokaci Tsakanin Faɗuwa ko ma'ana lokaci tsakanin gazawa, waɗannan suna ba da ƙima ga ɓangaren kayan aikin. Yana da mahimmanci a nuna cewa MTBF tana faɗakar da mai amfani da waɗanne nau'ikan faifai za a iya amfani da su, haka kuma waɗanne ne za su iya aiki a wasu lokuta, asarar bayanai na iya faruwa ko kuma ba ya ƙyale mai amfani ya shigar da bayanan.
Baya ga warware matsalar da aka ambata a baya, tsarin ajiya wanda ya dogara da ginin Raid, ya ba da fa'idodi guda huɗu, wato:
Babban aiki da iyawa don canja wurin bayanai fiye da faifai na mutum sakamakon karantawa, yin rikodin ayyukan da ake yi lokaci guda akan rumbun kwamfutoci a layi ɗaya.
Hakazalika, babban ƙarfin ajiyar faifai na mutum. Ana iya ganin "tsararru" na faifai azaman faifai mai ma'ana wanda ya ƙunshi jimlar diski na mutum, yawancin saiti da jimlar ƙarfin ya fi girma.
Babban mutunci, lokacin da kuskure ya taso a cikin bayanan da aka adana akan wasu diski na "tsararru", ɓarnar bayanai, kuskuren rikodi, da sauransu, bayanin daidaiton da tsarin Raid ya samar, samun damar sake gina bayanan da aka rasa. , kiyaye mutuncin duk bayanan da aka adana.
Yadda Raid Hard Drive yake Aiki
Ana iya cewa yana da aikin sanya bayanan da ke ƙunshe a cikin rumbun kwamfutoci da yawa, ban da ba da damar shigar da fitarwa (I / O) don yin aiki cikin daidaitaccen yanayi, yana yin aiki mafi inganci.
Wato, ana yin rikodin bayanan akan rumbun kwamfutoci a lokaci guda, ko kuma kamar yadda aka yi rikodin bayanai akan ɗayansu, da wani bayanan akan wani faifai don raba aikin. Ana nuna tsarin hare -hare a cikin tsarin aiki kamar su faifai guda ɗaya ne mai ma'ana, tunda sun taƙaita a cikin juzu'i ɗaya.
Don tsarin Raid yayi aiki, yana buƙatar kasancewar mai kula da Raid, wanda zai iya zama hardware ko software. A halin yanzu, yawancin PC ɗin da masu amfani ke da su, suna da mai sarrafa Raid software wanda aka haɗa cikin BIOS na motherboard.
Idan kuna son ƙarin bayani, muna gayyatar ku don karantawa Yadda za a kunna virtualization
Waɗanne nau'ikan akwai?
A halin yanzu akwai nau'ikan iri iri, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa da yawa sun tsufa saboda ƙarancin fa'idarsu idan aka kwatanta da wasu, amma yana da mahimmanci cewa mai amfani ya san na kowa.
RAID 0
Wani nau'in Raid ne, wanda aka sani da babban, wanda ke da aikin samar da babban gudu ga tsarin. Ana yin rikodin bayanan akan rumbun kwamfutoci guda biyu a layi ɗaya, wanda ke fassara daga ɗan ƙaramin abu zuwa wani, don a ce bandwidth ɗin ya ninka kuma saboda wannan dalili yana ba da kyakkyawan aiki.
Hakanan yana da ikon ninka ƙarar, wanda ke nufin cewa idan kun yi amfani da rumbun kwamfutoci guda biyu na tarin fuka 1 kowanne, za ku sami ƙarar 2 TB. Biyan wannan nau'in Raid, shine idan idan ɗaya daga cikin rumbun kwamfutocin biyu ya kasa, bayanan da aka adana na biyun za su lalace, saboda an raba shi tsakanin direbobi biyu.
RAID 1
Nau'i ne na asali na Raid, kuma yana ɗaukar babban manufar sake aiki. Don haka, ana yin rikodin bayanan akan rumbun kwamfutocin guda biyu lokaci guda, wato ɗayan gaskiya ne kuma ainihin kwafin ɗayan, wanda aka sani da yanayin "mirroring".
A wannan yanayin musamman, idan ɗayan diski biyu za su lalace, babu haɗarin rasa bayanan, saboda an adana su a ɗayan, diski ɗin da ya lalace kawai ya kamata a maye gurbinsa da sabon, abin da yakamata ku yi shine sake saita Raid 1.
Laifin kawai da wannan yanayin Raid ke nunawa shine cewa babu wani aikin da aka samu, akasin haka, saboda dole ne a yiwa dukkan bayanai rajista sau biyu. Kamar yadda girman ƙarar ya yi daidai da wanda ke da ƙaramin ƙarfi; Don haka, idan ana amfani da faifan tarin fuka 1 da ƙarin faifan GB, muna da ƙimar 500 GB a cikin Raid 1.
RAID 5
Wannan nau'in shi ne yanayin da aka fi amfani da shi a zamanin yau, saboda yana ba da damar kowane adadin rumbun kwamfutoci, tare da mafi ƙarancin guda uku, kuma ɗaya daga cikin masarrafan za a yi amfani da shi azaman "madadin", wanda ke nufin cewa kawai ƙarfin za a ɓata. daga cikinsu.
A cikin Raid 5, ƙarar karatun karanta yana ƙaruwa, yana ƙaruwa ta adadin diski waɗanda ke yin Raid, ban da ɗayansu. Wanda ke nufin, cewa a cikin yanayin samun rumbun kwamfutoci 5 a cikin Raid 5, ana ninka saurin da 4.
Ya kamata a yi la'akari da cewa yana gabatar da haƙurin diski: idan diski ya gaza, babu haɗarin rasa komai, kawai ci gaba da canza faifan kuma komai zai yi kyau.
Komawar da wannan tsarin ke gabatarwa a cikin rumbun kwamfutoci shi ne cewa idan direbobi biyu sun kasa, za mu iya rasa bayanai.
RAID 1 + 0 da sauran nau'ikan
A kasuwa, akwai wasu nau'ikan, amma mafiya yawa sune haɗin duk abubuwan da ke sama. Kuna iya faɗi, a matsayin misali: tsarin Raid 1 + 0 wanda ya haɗa da fara yin Raid 1s guda biyu, sannan Raid 0 tsakanin su, wanda ya haifar da jimlar rumbun kwamfutoci guda 4, 2 rashin haƙuri na kurakurai, ɗayan kowane Raid 1, kuma a cikin Raid 0 tare da saurin sauri.
Tabbas samun Raid 5, nau'in ne da ba a amfani da shi a yau, saboda ƙarin diski yana ɓata, kuna samun ƙarancin haƙuri da ƙarancin gudu.
Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a sanar da cewa kawai wanda ake amfani da mafi yawa, kuma a cikin kamfanoni kawai, shine yanayin Raid 6, yana nufin bambancin Raid 5, amma yana amfani da diski biyu azaman madadin maimakon ɗaya, kuma tare da mafi girma gudu.