Maɓallin maɓalli wani muhimmin sashi ne na kwamfutar, ta amfani da shi, za ku iya aiwatar da ayyuka daban-daban da ayyuka a kansa. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci bambancin Sassan Allon madannai da bayyana ayyukansu dalla-dalla.
Sassan Allon madannai
Maɓallin maɓalli ya kasu kashi shida (6) na asali, waɗannan sassan suna da ayyuka daban-daban akan maɓallan su kuma yana da mahimmanci a fahimci kowane bangare nasa. Waɗannan sassan madannai ne: maɓallan ayyuka, haruffa ko rubutu, gungurawa, madannai lambobi, sarrafawa da maɓallai na musamman.
Maɓallan ayyuka
A cikin kwamfuta, maɓallan ayyuka su ne maɓallan da ke layin farko na maɓallan kwamfuta, waɗanda za a iya tsara su ta yadda tsarin aiki, shirye-shirye ko takamaiman aikace-aikace su yi wasu ayyuka.
A kan kwamfutoci da yawa, wasu maɓallan ayyuka suna da fayyace manufa a farawa. Maɓallai na ayyuka yawanci suna farawa da "Escape" ko Esc don samar da ɗan gajeren jerin haruffa, waɗanda ke aika jerin bugu wanda tsarin aiki ya fassara da/ko wasu shirye-shirye don fara ƙayyadaddun ayyukan yau da kullun ko aiki.
A kan madaidaicin madannai na kwamfuta, galibi ana yiwa maɓallan alamar F da lamba. A wasu samfura, ana iya ƙara ƙaramin rubutu ko gumaka waɗanda ke bayyana tasirinsu na asali.
Yawan Amfani da Allon Madannai na Kwamfuta
Ana amfani da waɗannan maɓallan (F1 zuwa F12) azaman gajerun hanyoyi don saurin samun wasu ayyuka waɗanda shirye-shirye daban-daban ke ba su. Gabaɗaya, maɓallin F1 yana da alaƙa da taimakon da fayiloli daban-daban ke bayarwa, wato, danna wannan maɓallin na iya buɗe allon taimako na shirin da ake amfani da shi a halin yanzu. Waɗannan su ne ƴan misalan tsoffin aikace-aikacen da ke gudanar da maɓallan ayyuka a cikin shirye-shirye daban-daban inda ake da hali na daidaita aikace-aikace akan wasu maɓallan:
- F1: mintuna da hanyoyin taimako a yawancin shirye-shirye (kamar AutoCAD, Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel). A cikin Firefox, zai kai ku zuwa shafin taimako na kan layi na Mozilla.
- F2: yana canza sunan fayil ɗin da aka zaɓa, gajeriyar hanya ko babban fayil, bi da bi ya canza zuwa zaɓin bincike kuma yana iya tsawaita wasan akan layi. A ƙarshe, shigar ko fita yanayin ortho a AutoCAD.
- F3: fara dubawa a cikin kundin adireshi inda mai amfani yake.
- F4: Ƙara menu na "Go" na kayan aiki daga wannan babban fayil zuwa wani kuma bincika jerin adireshin adireshin a cikin Windows Explorer da sauran masu sarrafa fayil.
- F5: Yana sabunta abin da aka makala na taga da aka zaɓa. Hakanan yana yin "nemo da maye gurbin" a cikin Microsoft Word, "je zuwa" a cikin Microsoft Excel, kuma yana canza jirgin bita a AutoCAD.
- F6: matsar da abstracts na taga ko tebur allo da kuma canza yanayin tsarin daidaitawa a AutoCAD.
- F7: fara duban nahawu da rubutun rubutu a cikin Microsoft Word da Excel, sabanin a AutoCAD yana sanyawa ko cire grid na tunani. A cikin Firefox, wakilta kewayawa ta siginan kwamfuta ko ta hanyar kulawa.
- F8: yana aiki don fara kwamfutar a cikin yanayin aminci.
- F9: yana ƙididdige lambobin filin a cikin Microsoft Word kuma a cikin Excel yana sake ƙididdige ƙididdiga. Hakanan yana fara gabatarwa a cikin Corel Draw, kama da waɗanda ke cikin PowerPoint, kuma a cikin AutoCAD, yana kunna ko kashe yanayin ɗaukar hoto.
- F10: yana kunna mashaya menu a cikin shirin mai aiki kuma a cikin shirin AutoCAD, yana shiga ko barin yanayin daidaitawar iyaka.
- F11: yana ba da damar yanayin cikakken allo don masu binciken gidan yanar gizo daban-daban, wasanni da aikace-aikace, maimakon Microsoft Excel, yana nuna tagar Layout a ɓangaren saka hoto.
- F12: Tagan "Ajiye As" yana buɗewa a cikin Microsoft Word da Excel. A cikin Chrome, buɗe kayan aikin haɓakawa.
Lambobin haruffa ko allon rubutu
Maballin haruffan haruffa yayi kama da madannai na maɓalli, kuma ya ƙunshi kusan maɓallai 57, tare da dukkan haruffa (daga A zuwa Z), yana da lambobi goma (10) goma (daga 0 zuwa 9) da dukkan alamomin rubutu. lafazin, maɓallai na musamman ko na hali da sandar sarari. Yana mamaye tsakiyar madannai kuma ya ƙunshi nau'ikan maɓallan guda biyu waɗanda sune maɓallin bugawa da maɓallin umarni.
Maɓallan rubutun su ne waɗanda suka dace da kwamfutar da ta ƙunshi haruffa ashirin da takwas (28), lambobi goma (10), alamomin rubutu, alamomin lafazi, alamomin tambaya, alamun tashin hankali, da sauransu.
Wadanda suka dace da lambobi da alamomi suna da ayyuka biyu, kuma a wasu lokuta suna iya samun har zuwa uku. Ana amfani da su wajen rubuta alamomi kamar haruffa, lambobi, alamomi, kuma a wasu lokuta, ana iya amfani da su tare da shirye-shirye, wanda ke nufin cewa ta hanyar taɓa ɗaya daga cikinsu tare da maɓallin umarni ɗaya, ana iya kunna ayyuka na musamman.
A cikin maɓallan biyu waɗanda ke da haruffa, alamar da aka rubuta a ƙasa ita ce wacce aka samo ta hanyar danna maɓallin, yayin da na sama yana kunna ta danna maɓallin (Shift), maɓalli ne da aka zana kibiya mai nuni zuwa sama. . A kan waɗanda ke da aiki na uku, alamar tana bayyana lokacin da ka danna maɓallin ALT GR sannan ka danna maɓallin
M da Gungura Buttons
Waɗannan maɓallan sune waɗanda ake amfani da su don motsawa ta hanyar fayiloli, takardu, shafukan yanar gizo da kuma gyara wasu rubutu. Daga cikinsu muna da Saka, Del, Gida, Ƙarshe, Shafi Sama, Ƙaƙwalwar Shafi, Buga Allon/SysRequest, Gungurawa Kulle/ON-KASHE, Dakata/Kiyaye da maɓallan kibiya waɗanda kibiyoyi ke wakilta.
Tare da maɓallin allo na Print, wanda ke cikin ɓangaren maɓallan na musamman, zaku iya ɗaukar hotunan kariyar kwamfuta don haka buga ko duba wasu hotunan abubuwan da kuke kallo akan allon ko saka idanu na kwamfutarku.
Maɓallai ko faifan maɓalli na Lambobi
Yana aiki don haɗa bayanan lambobi cikin sauri. Maɓallai da alamomin suna da alaƙa da wakilci ɗaya kamar yadda ake nunawa akan ƙididdiga, yana da maɓallai goma sha bakwai (17) gabaɗaya, yana ɗauke da lambobi goma (10) daga (0 zuwa 9) kuma yana iya aiwatar da mafi yawan lissafin lissafi. ayyuka kamar ƙara, ragi, ninkawa da rarrabawa.
Makullin da aka haskaka a wannan sashe shine "Bloq NUM", wanda zai iya kunna amfani da maɓallan lamba, don haka dole ne ka buɗe shi lokacin da kake son amfani da shi; idan an rufe, za a kulle maɓallan lamba kuma ba za a iya amfani da su ba.
Ctrl key
Maɓallin gyare-gyare ne, idan an danna shi tare da wani maɓalli, yana yin aiki na musamman. Misali: «Ctrl + Alt + Del". Kamar maɓallin Shift, maɓallin Sarrafa kusan ba shi da wani aiki idan aka yi amfani da shi shi kaɗai, kamar nuna matsayin mai nuni a cikin tsarin aiki na Microsoft Windows. Maɓallin sarrafawa yana cikin ƙananan kusurwar hagu akan yawancin maɓallan madannai kuma yana nuna alama azaman Ctrl ko kuma a wasu lokuta ana amfani da su a lokacin su Control o ctl. Daga cikin wasu umarni da za mu iya aiwatarwa da wannan maɓalli akwai kamar haka:
- Ctrl+B: yana ba da damar bincika rubutu, take da shafukan wasu abun ciki.
- Sarrafa + C: yana ba ka damar kwafin bayanai ko albarkatun kan kwamfutarka.
- Ctl+F: yana aiki don buɗe injin bincike a cikin shafin yanar gizon da muke karantawa kuma a cikin Word yana yin tabul a kowane sakin layi da kuka fi so daga layi na biyu.
- Ctrl+J: Yin aiki don sanya rubutun ya daidaita zuwa hagu ko barata kuma a cikin Excel gaba ɗaya yana goge canje-canjen da aka yi a cikin tantanin halitta.
- Ctrl + P: yana aiki ta hanyar nuna samfotin bugu na takaddun da ake gyarawa a halin yanzu.
- Ctl+S: yana ba ku damar yin layi da takarda.
- Ctrl+V: yana aiwatar da aikin manna wanda aka kwafa a baya.
- Sarrafa + X: a cikin Excel yana yanke bayanan kuma zaku iya sanya su a cikin tantanin halitta da kuka fi son manna su.
- Ctl+Z: soke aikin na yanzu.
Maɓallan Ayyuka na Musamman
Wasu makullin da za mu yi nazari ba su yin wani aiki da kansu, amma tare da wasu suna yin su. Domin su yi aikinsu, dole ne mu ci gaba da danna su, kafin mu danna maɓallin madadin.
Tabulator: Maɓallin Tab akan madannai na kwamfutar mu yana da amfani da yawa. Ɗayan da aka fi amfani da shi shine lokacin da muke amfani da na'ura mai sarrafa kalmomi, za mu iya danna wannan maɓallin don saka haruffan shafin ko matsar da sakin layi zuwa dama.
Amma gaskiyar ita ce, ana iya amfani da maɓallin Tab don ƙarin ayyuka, gami da zaɓuɓɓuka masu zuwa: zaku iya matsawa tsakanin abubuwan zaɓi daban-daban a cikin akwatin maganganu, kuna iya canzawa tsakanin shafuka a cikin burauzar gidan yanar gizo, har ma kuna iya amfani da gajerun hanyoyin keyboard.
Makullin iyakoki ko Kulle iyakoki: Maɓalli ne da ke kan madannai na kwamfuta, wanda idan aka danna shi yana kunna yadda ake nuna haruffan a manyan haruffa ta hanyar tsohuwa, kuma idan aka sake danna maɓallin, sai a nuna shi a cikin ƙananan haruffa.
Shigar: Maɓallin Shigar (wanda kuma aka sani da maɓallin Shigar ko maɓallin Shigar) yana ba ku damar aiwatar da umarnin da aka buga a baya lokacin da aka danna ko shigar da bayanan lambobi bayan bugawa.
Menene Allon madannai?
Maɓallin madannai na'ura ce da za ta iya nuna maɓalli na kayan aiki daban-daban, na'urori, injina, da kayan aiki. Gabaɗaya, madannin madannai suna ba da damar sarrafawa ko sa baki na kayan aiki masu alaƙa.
A halin yanzu, kalmar tana da alaƙa ta kut da kut da na'urorin da ke ba da damar shigar da bayanai cikin kwamfuta ko wata na'ura ta dijital. Lokacin da mai amfani ya danna maɓalli, za a aika bayanan da aka rufaɗo zuwa kwamfutar kuma kwamfutar ta nuna halin da ya dace da maɓalli a kan ma'auni ko allo.
Manufarsa
Manufar madannai ita ce ƙara bayanai ta amfani da maɓallan da ke akwai, waɗanda ke ba da damar yin amfani da haruffa, lambobi, alamomi, sigogi, haruffa da sauran maɓalli waɗanda ke ba da damar cikakken amfani don ƙirƙirar bayanai.
Sanin maɓallan da ke kan madannai yana da mahimmanci saboda sun kasance sun fi ci gaba kuma yanzu suna ba da ƙarin maɓalli tare da sababbin ayyuka. Ta hanyar samun fahimtar madannai na amfani da kuke da su, zaku sami damar aiwatar da ingantaccen aiki dashi.
Nau'in Allon madannai
A halin yanzu, akwai nau'ikan maɓallan maɓalli daban-daban a kasuwa waɗanda za su iya gamsar da buƙatu daban-daban da ɗanɗanonsu, tun daga maɓalli na gargajiya waɗanda za su iya gamsar da aikin shigar da bayanai a kan kwamfutar zuwa na baya-bayan nan kuma mai ɗaukar hoto (yana ba da kwanciyar hankali ga masu amfani). Daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan maɓallan madannai muna da:
multimedia
Wannan nau'in maballin yana da wasu maɓallan da ke ba da damar samun damar yin amfani da sabis na kwamfuta daban-daban, idan aka yi amfani da wannan maɓalli, kai tsaye za ta ƙaddamar da amfani da ayyuka kamar girma, kalkuleta, sake kunna bidiyo da umarni. Wannan zai sa ya zama mafi sauri da sauƙi don amfani da kwamfutar don ayyuka ko ayyuka daban-daban.
m
Waɗannan maɓallan madannai an yi su ne da ɗanyen abu mai sassauƙa, wanda ke ba da damar amfani mai daɗi da motsi. A wasu lokuta wajibi ne a ninka shi kuma don cimma irin wannan aikin, wajibi ne a sami maɓalli mai sassauƙa, tun da kayan sa sau da yawa silicone ne.
Suna da maɓallan maɓalli masu amfani sosai saboda ba za su haifar da matsala yayin jigilar su daga wuri zuwa wani ko amfani da su a wuraren da ke da ruwa ba saboda suna da tallafi.
Mara waya
Wannan nau'in madannai ne wanda baya buƙatar haɗa shi da kebul. Suna da batura da aka gina a ciki, don haka ba a buƙatar halin yanzu don su yi aiki. Maɓallin maɓalli mara igiyar waya yana aiki ta hanyar gano siginar daga madannai don a iya aika shi zuwa kwamfutar kuma a fara amfani da shi.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa, tun da yake aikinsa yana dogara ne akan sigina, wasu na'urorin da ke aiki iri ɗaya na iya tsoma baki tare da shi, wanda zai iya haifar da rashin amfani ko kuskure yayin amfani da maɓallan ku, wanda zai iya zama irin wannan. Ana la'akari da kayan aiki marasa amfani, don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a yi la'akari da wannan.
Ergonomic
Irin wannan nau'in maballin yana ba da aiki mai dadi ga mai amfani, saboda an nuna shi a kusurwa kuma matsayi na amfani yana ba da damar hannu don shakatawa. Wadanda ke yawan amfani da irin waɗannan abubuwan ana ba da shawarar don ba da taimako da kuma hana gajiya da ke haifar da wuce gona da iri.
Idan kun ji daɗin karanta wannan labarin daga littafin Sassan Allon madannai Ina gayyatarku kuji dadin wadannan hanyoyin da zan bar muku a kasa.
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