Software yana daya daga cikin manyan sassan kwamfuta. Mai iya samar da mafita mara iyaka dangane da aikace -aikacen kwamfuta, shine ginshiƙin canjin dijital. Rage lokutan aiwatar da ayyukan yau da kullun. Kuna yiYadda software ke aiki? Ku zo ku bincika a cikin wannan labarin mai ban sha'awa.
Yaya software yake aiki?
Manhaja wani tsari ne na shirye-shiryen da ake aiwatarwa a cikin tsarin kwamfuta, ta bangaren jikin kwamfuta, wato ta kayan masarufi. Manufarta ita ce cimma nasarar aiwatar da takamaiman ayyuka da mai amfani da tsarin ke buƙata, ko ta hanyar mu'amala tsakaninsa da kayan masarufi, ko tsakanin software na tsarin aiki da sauran aikace -aikacen software.
https://youtu.be/vB0BjbMM3k4?t=22
A sauƙaƙe, ba tare da software ba, tsarin kwamfuta ba zai yi aiki ba, tunda shi ne ke ba da umarni, kuma wanda ke nuna matakin da ya kamata a yi, lokacin da kuma ta yaya.
Ayyukan
- Yana ba da damar sadarwa da hulɗa tsakanin injin da mai amfani.
- Sashin hankali ne na tsarin kwamfuta.
- Yana jagorantar ayyukan tsarin kwamfuta.
- Yana da ƙarancin abubuwan amfani, sabuntawa yau da kullun dangane da bukatun masu amfani.
- A halin yanzu, kusan dukkan aikace -aikacen fasaha da muka sani suna buƙatar software.
- Akwai software da software na kyauta waɗanda ke buƙatar biyan kuɗi don haƙƙin mallaka da lasisi.
Iri
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don rarrabe nau'ikan software. Koyaya, mafi na kowa kuma mafi sauƙin fahimta shine na gaba.
Tsarin software
Su ne software mafi mahimmanci, tunda suna ba da damar sadarwa tsakanin kayan masarufi da tsarin aiki na kowace kwamfuta. Haka kuma, su ne ke sa aikin sassa daban -daban na kwamfuta ya yiwu.
Waɗannan nau'ikan tsarin sun haɗa da tsarin aiki, direbobi na na'urar, kayan aikin bincike, gyara da haɓaka kayan aiki, sabobin, da abubuwan amfani.
Software na shirye -shirye
Sun haɗu da dabaru da ilimin shirye -shirye don ƙirƙirar da haɓaka tsarin. Sun ƙunshi lambar don tsara abubuwa a cikin tsarin aiki. Gabaɗaya, wannan nau'in software yana ba da damar shirye -shirye da yawa suyi aiki tare lokaci guda.
Editocin rubutu, masu tarawa, masu fassara, masu haɗawa, masu cirewa, da yanayin haɓaka haɗin gwiwa misalai ne na software na shirye -shirye.
Software na aikace-aikace
Waɗannan shirye -shirye ne, aikace -aikace ko abubuwan amfani masu amfani ga mai amfani na ƙarshe, samfurin software na shirye -shirye. Suna amfani da kowa, kuma suna cika takamaiman ayyuka a rayuwar yau da kullun.
A cikin wannan nau'in software akwai aikace -aikacen tsarin sarrafawa, shirye -shiryen ofis, software na taimakon ƙirar, sarrafa lamba kuma, a ƙarshe, duk software tare da takamaiman amfani, kamar ilimi, kasuwanci, lafiya, da sauransu.
Don ƙarin fahimta yadda software ke aiki Yana da mahimmanci a nuna ire -iren lasisin da ke akwai.
Nau'in lasisi
Lasisin manhajar yarjejeniya ce ta doka tsakanin mai ƙera da mai amfani, ta yadda za a kafa yanayin amfani da shi. Dangane da izinin kowane software, ana iya siyan waɗannan a shagunan da aka sadaukar don siyar da kwamfutoci ko kan layi.
Anan akwai nau'ikan lasisi iri -iri:
free software
Ana iya amfani da su ta kowane nau'in mai amfani. Bugu da kari, sauye -sauyen sa da sake rarraba shi yana yiwuwa ba tare da kowane irin iyakancewa ba.
Kwafi
Ana amfani da su sosai kamar software na kyauta, amma ƙarshen mai amfani ba zai iya canza shi ko sake rarraba shi ba.
GPL
Mai jituwa tare da Linux, saboda haka rarrabawa da gyare -gyaren ta iyakance ne.
Debian
Yana ba da damar sake rarrabawa kyauta, kawai lokacin da aka san lambar tushe.
BSD
Gabaɗaya, baya gabatar da iyakance mai girma don amfani, gyara ko sake rarrabawa.
Yankin jama'a
Samuwa ga duk masu amfani, saboda babu haƙƙin mallaka.
Semi-kyauta
Wasu masu amfani za su iya amfani da shi, amma ba za a iya gyara ko sake rarraba shi ba.
Shareware
Yana ba da damar sake rarraba shi kyauta, amma ba canzawa ba.
Shareware
An rarraba shi a yanayin gwaji. Gabaɗaya, bayan kwanaki 30 mai amfani zai iya siyan sa.
Kasuwanci
Babban maƙasudin ta shine samun fa'idodin kuɗi daga masana'anta.
Trial
Rarrabarsa kyauta ce kawai don takamaiman lokaci.
Mafi yawan software na kasuwanci
Kamfanoni irin su Microsoft, Google, Apple, da sauran su, an sadaukar da su ga kirkira, ci gaba da kasuwanci na kowane nau'in software. Daga cikin manyan sune: Microsoft Office, Adobe Reader, Adobe Photoshop, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Linux, Mac OSX, Microsoft Visual Basic, Microsoft Windows, iTunes, da dai sauransu. Duk tare da ayyuka daban -daban da halaye.
Wasu wasu masana'antun software sune: Autodesk, Borland, Corel, Lotus, Intel, IBM, Netscape, da sauransu.
Amfani
Sakamakon iri -iri na sanannun nau'ikan software, manufarsu da mahallin da ake amfani da su, ba zai yiwu a yi magana kan aiki ɗaya ba. A halin yanzu, daga bincika Intanet zuwa amfani da aikace -aikace daban -daban akan wayoyinmu da na'urorin tafi -da -gidanka, yana buƙatar amfani da software.
A cikin kasuwanci, masu sarrafa kalma da sarrafa bayanai suna da mahimmanci. A nata ɓangaren, a cikin masana'antar, software tana ba da damar yin aiki ta atomatik da auna ingancin su.
Gaba ɗaya, a kowane fanni da muke yi, muna buƙatar kasancewar software da ke sauƙaƙa sadarwa tsakanin mu da injinan, kuma yana ba mu ingantattun hanyoyin magance matsalolinmu.
A ƙarshe, don software don aiki, duka mai shirye -shirye da yaren shirye -shiryen dole ne su kasance cikin daidaita. Bugu da kari, dole ne software ya zama isasshen, saboda idan bai haɗu daidai da takamaiman kayan masarufi ba, za a ce duka biyun ba sa jituwa kuma sadarwa tsakanin mai amfani da injin ba zai yiwu ba.