Yadda za a zaɓi kebul na cibiyar sadarwa. Shin kun san komai game da kebul na cibiyar sadarwa? Kebul na cibiyar sadarwa yana watsa siginar lantarki sama da nisa kuma ana rarrabasu gwargwadon tsarin matsakaicin mita cewa suna tallafawa, bisa ƙa'idodin fasaha da takamaiman halaye, kamar ingancin kayan da ake amfani da su.
Dole ne masana'antun su bi waɗannan ƙa'idodin, kuma kebul na cibiyar sadarwa ya fi rikitarwa fiye da igiyoyin jan ƙarfe na yau da kullun, tunda wannan nau'in kayan dole ne ya kasance mai inganci a manyan mitoci, ba tare da rage alamar siginar ko tsangwama na electromagnetic ba.
A cikin wannan tsari na ƙira, dole ne a mai da hankali ga bayyanar ƙazanta, kumfa da haɗe -haɗe na igiyoyi biyu, muhimmiyar mahimmanci don sakamako mai gamsarwa. Amma,Yadda za a zaɓi madaidaicin kebul na cibiyar sadarwa don zirga -zirgar bayanai gwargwadon tsarin IP? Shin igiyoyin sadarwar da ke akwai a kasuwa sun dace da buƙatar sabbin samfura da aka ƙaddamar a yau?
Duba, a cikin wannan labarin, duk abin da ya shafi kebul na cibiyar sadarwa: nau'ikan kebul ɗin da ke akwai, aikace -aikacen su da halaye wanda dole ne a yi la’akari da shi kafin siyan samfura don gujewa shigar abubuwa masu inganci na dubious.
Yadda za a zaɓi kebul na cibiyar sadarwa: Kategorien
Akwai ƙa'idodin kebul na cibiyar sadarwa da yawa a kasuwa, waɗanda ke canzawa gwargwadon mita, wato, saurin canja wuri na bayanan da kayan ke tallafawa, da ikon kiyaye tasirin watsawa idan akwai rikitarwa. Duk da wannan, ba a faɗi kaɗan game da mafi kyawun aikace -aikacen a cikin kowane rukuni da garkuwar su, kamar yadda za mu gani a ƙasa.
Kodayake ba a ba da shawarar igiyoyin Category 1, 2 da 4 ta TIA (Associationungiyar Masana'antar Sadarwa) don haka ba a ƙera su, Har yanzu ana amfani da igiyoyin Model 3 a cikin hanyoyin wayar tarho: sune farkon murɗaɗɗun kebul ɗin da aka haɓaka kuma sun ƙunshi aƙalla dunƙule 24 a kowace mita (adadin maɗaurin ya canza don rage tsangwama tsakanin nau'i -nau'i na igiyoyi).
Don gano nau'in kebul, kawai bincika bayanin da aka ƙulla a waje. A cikin wannan post ɗin muna bayyana, gaba ɗaya, wasu daga mafi amfani da rarrabuwa a cikin ayyukan: Cat5, Cat5e da Cat6.
Kebul na cibiyar sadarwa na Cat5
Wannan shi ne mafi tsufa misali na igiyoyin sadarwa, waɗanda aka yi amfani da su sosai a cibiyoyin sadarwar gida. Saurin canja wurin bayanai yana tsakanin 10Mbps zuwa 100Mbps, amma, a halin yanzu, amfani da irin wannan kebul ɗin ya kasance An maye gurbinsu da ma'aunin Cat5e, wanda ke goyan bayan saurin gudu da ake buƙata ta hanyar juyin kayan aikin.
Kebul na cibiyar sadarwa na Cat5e
Wannan kenan ingantacciyar sigar samfurin Cat5. An tsara kebul na Cat5e don tallafawa vgudu zuwa 1000 Mbps, rage katsalandan na ababen more rayuwa da rage asarar sigina.
Waɗannan haɓakawa sun sa ya yiwu a yi amfani da igiyoyi masu tsayi, kusan kusa da ƙimar mita 100 da aka yarda. Don haka, an nuna shi don shigarwa na cikin gida da na kamfanoni.
Kebul na cibiyar sadarwa na Cat6
A cikin wannan sigar, matakin tsangwama yayi ƙasa, kuma a wasu lokuta, ma'aunin zai iya tallafawa gudu har zuwa 10 Gigabits da mitoci zuwa 250 MHz.
Akwai yuwuwar hanyoyin sadarwar gida ba za su yi amfani da cikakkiyar damar wannan ƙirar kebul ba, don haka mafi kyawun aikace -aikacen yana faruwa a wuraren da jimlar nisan kebul ɗin ya fi mita 10 zuwa 55.
Tsarin hawa na kebul na cibiyar sadarwar FTP CAT5 mai kariya a cikin ma'aunin 568B shine iyarjejeniya don amfani a cikin kayan sauti da bidiyo wanda ke canza siginar zuwa kebul na CAT5.
An ƙirƙiri rukunin 6a don ba da damar amfani da igiyoyin sadarwa har zuwa mita 100 a cibiyoyin sadarwa na 10G, tunda sun yarda da mitoci har zuwa 500 MHz kuma suna haɗa matakan da ke rage asarar sigina da bayyanar kutse. tsakanin takwarorina, wanda ake kira crosstalk.
Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan matakan shine nesantar ma'aurata ta amfani da sararin samaniya, wanda ya haɓaka kaurin kebul da 2,3 mm (daga 5,6 mm zuwa 7,9 mm), rage sassaucin sa.
Menene garkuwar kebul na cibiyar sadarwa?
Wani muhimmin al'amari yayin zabar kebul na cibiyar sadarwa shine garkuwar da aka yi a cikin kayan. Wannan saboda ya zama dole kafin tantance yanayin, domin gano hanyoyin kutse mai yuwuwa wajen watsa sigina. Wannan yana sa su zama masu dacewa don aikace -aikace kusa da eriyoyin watsawa da hanyoyin sadarwar lantarki.
Gabaɗaya igiyoyin da ba su da kariya sun fi sassauƙa kuma sun fi sauƙi don yin taɓarɓarewa. A saboda wannan dalili, sun fi araha da shahara a kasuwa. Hakanan akwai samfura da yawa na kebul na cibiyar sadarwa mai kariya, an rarrabasu gwargwadon nau'in garkuwar, kamar yadda aka bayyana a ƙasa.
UTP: Cable mara garkuwa
A baya babu wani ma'auni don keɓaɓɓun igiyoyi. Wannan saboda buƙatar watsawa ya kasance kawai don siginar murya. Wannan gaskiyar ta canza tare da daidaiton fasaha na kera kebul na cibiyar sadarwa.
A halin yanzu, ya zama dole don cibiyoyin sadarwar sabis har zuwa megabits 10.000 kuma, don haɓaka watsawa da hana tsangwama, ana amfani da tsarin ma'aunin ma'auni: ana aika siginar iri ɗaya a cikin kowane biyu, amma tare da jujjuyawar juyawa.
FTP: Ciya garkuwar murguda biyu
Igiyoyi sune waɗanda ke amfani da a sauki garkuwa.
STP: Kebul mai lankwasa mai garkuwa
A cikin wannan ƙirar, igiyoyin suna amfani da mutum garkuwa ga kowane biyu na igiyoyi. Wannan yana rage crosstalk kuma yana inganta juriya na USB don nesa, wanda za a iya amfani da shi a cikin yanayin da ake buƙatar murɗa igiyoyi marasa daidaituwa, sama da mita 100.
SFTP: Cikakken Haɗa Haɗin Haɗin Haɗa
Igiyoyi irin wannan hada garkuwar mutum ga kowane igiyoyi guda biyu tare da garkuwar waje na biyu, wanda ke nade duk braids, yin su musamman tsayayya da kutse na waje. Sabili da haka, igiyoyin SFTP sun fi dacewa da mahalli tare da yawan rikice -rikice.
Amfani da kebul na garkuwar yakamata a haɗa shi da garkuwar RJ-45 masu kariya, waɗanda ke kare ɓangaren da aka buɗe na kebul ɗin cikin mahaɗin.
Yadda ake zaɓar kebul na cibiyar sadarwa mai inganci
Zaɓin bai kamata ya dogara da fifikon ƙirar ba. Mafi daidaitattun igiyoyi, kazalika da kasancewa mafi tsada da wahalar samu. Dole ne ku zaɓi waɗanda suka dace don manufar da aka nufa da suIn ba haka ba, abin da ya faru da igiyoyin Cat6 a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa na gigabit 10 zai faru wanda, tunda an rage mafi girman nisan su zuwa mita 55, an maye gurbinsu da ma'aunin 6a.
Kamar kowane nau'in samfurin, akwai igiyoyi na cibiyar sadarwa masu inganci, waɗanda ke bin ƙa'idodin da aka ƙayyade don kasuwa, da igiyoyi tare da rashin daidaituwa, tunda masana'anta sun canza kayan aikin su don rage farashin su.
Abin takaici, ba tare da takamaiman mita ba, yana da wuya a gane igiyoyi marasa inganci. A wannan yanayin, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da samfuran amintattu kawai, waɗanda kamfanoni ke samarwa waɗanda ke da kyakkyawan tarihin ƙullawa da fitarwa a layin samfuran su.