Ikhibhodi iyingxenye ebalulekileyo yekhompyutheni, ngokuyisebenzisa, unokwenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye nokusebenza kuyo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ezahlukeneyo Izahlulo zekhibhodi kwaye bachaze imisebenzi yabo ngokweenkcukacha.
Izahlulo zekhibhodi
Ikhibhodi yahlulwe yangamacandelo amathandathu (6) asisiseko, la macandelo anemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwizitshixo zawo kwaye kubalulekile ukuqonda inxalenye yawo nganye. Ezi zahlulo zebhodi yezitshixo zezi: izitshixo zokusebenza, ialphanumeric okanye ukubhala, ukuskrola, ikhibhodi yamanani, ulawulo kunye nezitshixo ezikhethekileyo.
Izitshixo zokusebenza
Kwi-computing, izitshixo zomsebenzi ngamaqhosha kumqolo wokuqala wekhibhodi yekhompyutheni, enokuthi icwangciswe ukwenzela ukuba inkqubo yokusebenza, iinkqubo okanye izicelo ezithile zenze imisebenzi ethile.
Kwiikhompyuter ezininzi, izitshixo ezithile zomsebenzi zinenjongo emiselweyo ekuqaleni. Amaqhosha omsebenzi aqhele ukuqala ngo "Escape" okanye u-Esc ukwenza ulandelelwano olufutshane loonobumba, oluthumela ulandelelwano lokuchwetheza olutolikwa yinkqubo esebenzayo kunye/okanye ezinye iinkqubo ukuqalisa inkqubo emiselweyo okanye umsebenzi.
Kwikhibhodi eqhelekileyo yekhompyuter, amaqhosha adla ngokuphawulwa ngo-F alandelwe linani. Kweminye imifuziselo, isicatshulwa esincinci okanye ii-icon zingongezwa ezichaza iziphumo zazo ezingagqibekanga.
Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kweebhodi zeKhompyutha
Ezi zitshixo (F1 nge F12) zisetyenziswa njengeendlela ezimfutshane zokufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwimisebenzi ethile eyabelwe iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokubanzi, iqhosha le-F1 linxulunyaniswa noncedo olunikezwa ziifayile ezahlukeneyo, oko kukuthi, ukucofa eli qhosha kunokuvula isikrini soncedo lwenkqubo esetyenziswayo ngoku. Le ilandelayo yimizekelo nje embalwa yezicelo ezingagqibekanga eziqhuba izitshixo zokusebenza kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo apho kukho utyekelo lokulinganisa usetyenziso kwamanye amaqhosha:
- I-F1: imizuzu kunye neenkqubo zoncedo kwiinkqubo ezininzi (ezifana ne-AutoCAD, iMicrosoft Word, iMicrosoft Excel). KwiFirefox, iya kukusa kwiphepha loncedo le-Intanethi leMozilla.
- I-F2: itshintsha igama lefayile ekhethiweyo, indlela emfutshane okanye incwadi eneenkcukacha, ngokujika utshintsho kukhetho lokukhangela kwaye inokwandisa umdlalo kwi-intanethi. Ekugqibeleni, faka okanye uphume kwimodi ye-ortho kwi-AutoCAD.
- I-F3: iqala ukujonga kulawulo apho umsebenzisi akhoyo.
- I-F4: Yandisa imenyu ethi "Hamba" yebar yesixhobo ukusuka kwifolda enye ukuya kwenye kwaye ukhangele uluhlu lwebha yedilesi kwiWindows Explorer kunye nabanye abaphathi beefayile.
- I-F5: Hlaziya uncamathiselo lwefestile ekhethiweyo. Yenza kwakhona "ukufumana kwaye ubeke endaweni" kwiMicrosoft Word, "yiya" kwiMicrosoft Excel, kwaye utshintshe indiza yokuphonononga kwi-AutoCAD.
- I-F6: hamba ngapha kwefestile okanye isikrini sedesktop kwaye uguqule imeko yenkqubo yolungelelwaniso kwi-AutoCAD.
- I-F7: iqala igrama kunye nokuhlolwa kopelo lweetekisi kwiMicrosoft Word kunye ne-Excel, ngokungafaniyo ne-AutoCAD ibeka okanye isuse igridi yereferensi. KwiFirefox, yabela ukukhangela ngekhesa okanye ngenkathalo.
- I-F8: isebenza ukuqalisa ikhompyuter kwimo ekhuselekileyo.
- I-F9: ibala iikhowudi zentsimi kwi-Microsoft Word kwaye kwi-Excel iphinda ibale iifomyula. Ikwaqala umboniso kwi-Corel Draw, efana naleyo ye-PowerPoint, kwaye kwi-AutoCAD, ivula okanye icime imo ye-snapping.
- I-F10: ivula ibha yemenyu kwiprogram esebenzayo kunye neprogram ye-AutoCAD, ingena okanye ishiya imodi yokulungelelanisa ye-polar.
- I-F11: yenza imo yesikrini esigcweleyo kwiibhrawuza ezohlukeneyo zewebhu, imidlalo kunye nezicelo, endaweni yeMicrosoft Excel, ibonisa ifestile yoLwahlulo kwicandelo lofakelo lwemizobo.
- I-F12: Ifestile ethi "Gcina Njenge" ivula kwiMicrosoft Word kunye neExcel. KwiChrome, vula izixhobo zomphuhlisi.
Ikhibhodi yealphanumeric okanye yokuBhala
Ikhibhodi yealphanumeric iyafana nekhibhodi yomatshini wokuchwetheza, ikwaqulathe malunga nezitshixo ezingama-57, nazo zonke iileta (ukusuka ku-A ukuya ku-Z), zineshumi (10) amanani eshumi (ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-9) kunye nazo zonke iimpawu zokubhala, isivakalisi, isitshixo esikhethekileyo okanye umlinganiswa kunye nebar yendawo. Iloyisa indawo esembindini yebhodi yezitshixo kwaye iqulathe iindidi ezimbini zezitshixo eziliqhosha lokuchwetheza kunye nezitshixo zomyalelo.
Izitshixo zokubhala zezo zilungele ikhompyutha ezinoonobumba abangamashumi amabini anesibhozo (28), amanani alishumi (10), iziphumlisi, amanqaku ocinezelo, amanqaku emibuzo, esikhuzo, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Ezo zihambelana namanani kunye neesimboli zinemisebenzi emibini, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zinokude zibe ntathu. Zisetyenziselwa ukubhala iisimboli ezinjengeeleta, amanani, imifuziselo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, zinokusetyenziswa ngokubambisana neenkqubo, oku kuthetha ukuba ngokuchukumisa enye yazo kunye nesinye sezitshixo zomyalelo, imisebenzi ekhethekileyo inokuvulwa.
Kumaqhosha aphindiweyo aneempawu, uphawu olubhalwe ngezantsi lulo olufunyanwa ngokucofa isitshixo, ngelixa elingasentla lisebenza ngokucinezela iqhosha (Shift), elisisitshixo esinotolo olutsalweyo olubhekiselele phezulu. . Kwabo banomsebenzi wesithathu, uphawu luvela xa ucofa iqhosha le-ALT GR uze ucofe iqhosha
Amaqhosha okuncamathela kunye nokuSkrola
Ezi zitshixo zizo ezisetyenziselwa ukuhamba ngeefayile, amaxwebhu, amaphepha e-intanethi kunye nokuguqula ezinye iitekisi. Phakathi kwabo sinabo Faka, iDel, iKhaya, iPhelisa, iPhepha phezulu, iPhepha ezantsi, Shicilela isikrini/SysRequest, Skrola Tshixa/UKUVAMILE, Misa/Ikhefu kunye nezitshixo zotolo ezimelwe ngeentolo.
Ngeqhosha lokuprinta iSkrini, elibekwe kwindawo yezitshixo ezikhethekileyo, unokuthatha iifoto zesikrini kwaye ngaloo ndlela upapashe okanye ubhekisele kweminye imifanekiso yento oyibonayo kwiscreen okanye esweni kwikhompyuter yakho.
Amaqhosha okanye i-keypad yamanani
Isebenza ukudibanisa idatha yamanani ngokukhawuleza. Izitshixo kunye neesimboli zinxulunyaniswa nomboniso ofanayo njengoko ziboniswa kwikhaltyhuleyitha, inezitshixo ezilishumi elinesixhenxe (17) zizonke, iqulethe ishumi (10) lamadijithi ukusuka ku- (0 ukuya ku-9) kwaye inokwenza ezona zibalo zixhaphakileyo. imisebenzi efana nokudibanisa, ukuthabatha, ukuphindaphinda nokwahlula.
Isitshixo sibalaseliswe kweli candelo "Bloq NUM", enokuqalisa ukusetyenziswa kwamaqhosha amanani, ngoko kufuneka uyigcine ivuliwe xa ufuna ukuyisebenzisa; ukuba ivaliwe, amaqhosha amanani aya kutshixwa kwaye akanakusetyenziswa.
Ctrl iqhosha
Liqhosha lesilungisi, xa licinezelwe kunye nelinye iqhosha, lenza umsebenzi okhethekileyo. Umzekelo: «Ctrl + Alt + Del». Njengeqhosha le-Shift, iqhosha lokulawula alinamsebenzi xa lisetyenziswa lodwa, njengokubonisa indawo yesalathisi kwinkqubo yokusebenza ye-Microsoft Windows. Iqhosha lokulawula libekwe kwikona esezantsi ekhohlo kwiibhodi ezininzi kwaye lithande ukufuzisela njenge Ctrl okanye ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa kwixesha labo ulawulo o ctl. Phakathi kweminye imiyalelo esinokuyiphumeza ngeli qhosha kulandelayo:
- Ctrl+B: ivumela uphendlo lokubhaliweyo, isihloko kunye namaphepha omxholo othile.
- Ulawulo + C: ikuvumela ukuba ukhuphele ulwazi okanye izixhobo kwikhompyuter yakho.
- Ctl+F: isebenza ukuvula i-injini yokukhangela kwiphepha lewebhu esilifundayo kwaye kwi-Word yenza iitheyibhile kuwo nawuphi na umhlathi owukhethayo kumgca wesibini.
- Ctrl+J: ukusebenza ukubeka okubhaliweyo ngokulungelelanisiweyo ekhohlo okanye kuthethelelwe kwaye kwi-Excel kucima ngokupheleleyo utshintsho olwenziwe kwiseli.
- Ctrl + P: isebenza ngokubonisa umboniso woshicilelo loxwebhu oluhlelwayo ngoku.
- Ctl+S: ikuvumela ukuba ukrwele umgca ngaphantsi koxwebhu.
- Ctrl+V: yenza umsebenzi wokuncamathisela okhutshelwe ngaphambili.
- Ulawulo + X: kwi-Excel isika ulwazi kwaye ungayibeka kwiseli okhetha ukuyincamathisela.
- Ctl+Z: hlehlisa umsebenzi wangoku.
Amaqhosha oMsebenzi oKhethekileyo
Ezinye zezitshixo esiza kuzifundela awenzi nawuphi na umsebenzi ngokwazo, kodwa xa zidibene nezinye ziyawenza. Ukuze benze umsebenzi wabo, kufuneka sibagcine becinezelwe, phambi kokuba sicofe iqhosha elibambeleyo.
Itheyibhuli: Iqhosha leTab kwikhibhodi yethu yekhompyuter linosetyenziso oluninzi. Olunye lolona setyenziso luqhelekileyo kuxa sisebenzisa iprosesa yamagama, sinokucofa eli qhosha ukufaka oonobumba bethebhu okanye ukuhambisa umhlathi ekunene.
Kodwa inyaniso yeyokuba iqhosha leTab linokusetyenziswa kwimisebenzi emininzi, kubandakanywa nolu khetho lulandelayo: ungahamba phakathi kwezinto ozikhethelayo ezahlukeneyo kwibhokisi yencoko yababini, ungatshintsha phakathi kweethebhu kwisikhangeli sewebhu, kwaye ungasebenzisa iindlela ezimfutshane zebhodi yezitshixo.
Ukutshixa koonobumba abakhulu okanye ukutshixa koonobumba abakhulu: Iqhosha kwikhibhodi yekhompyuter, ethi xa icinezelwe isebenze indlela apho oonobumba baboniswa ngonobumba abakhulu ngokungagqibekanga, kwaye xa isitshixo sicinezelwa kwakhona, siboniswa ngoonobumba abancinci.
Ngena: Iqhosha elithi Faka (elikwaziwa ngokuba liqhosha le-Enter okanye iqhosha le-Enter) likuvumela ukuba wenze umyalelo ochwetheziweyo ngaphambili xa ucinezelwe okanye ungenise idatha yamanani emva kokuchwetheza.
Yintoni ikhibhodi?
Ikhibhodi sisixhobo esinokubonisa iiseti eziphambili zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, izixhobo zombane, oomatshini kunye nezixhobo. Ngokubanzi, ikhibhodi ivumela ulawulo okanye ungenelelo lwezixhobo ezinxulumeneyo.
Okwangoku, eli gama lihambelana ngokusondeleyo nezixhobo ze-peripheral ezivumela ukuba idatha ifakwe kwikhompyutheni okanye komnye umatshini wedijithali. Xa umsebenzisi ecofa isitshixo, ulwazi olufihliweyo luthunyelwa kwikhompyuter kwaye ikhompyuter ibonisa uphawu oluhambelana nesitshixo kwimonitha okanye isikrini.
Injongo yayo
Injongo yebhodibhodi kukongeza ulwazi usebenzisa izitshixo ezikhoyo, ezivumela ukusetyenziswa kweeleta, amanani, iisimboli, iiparamitha, iimpawu kunye namanye amaqhosha avumela ukusetyenziswa okucacileyo ukwenza ulwazi.
Ukwazi amaqhosha kwikhibhodi kubalulekile kuba bavame ukuba phambili kwaye ngoku babonelela ngezitshixo ezongezelelweyo ngemisebenzi emitsha. Ngokuqonda ikhibhodi yokusetyenziswa onayo, uya kuba nakho ukwenza umsebenzi ofanelekileyo wayo.
Iintlobo zekhibhodi
Kule mihla, kukho iindidi ngeendidi zezitshixo kwiimarike ezinokwanelisa iimfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuthanda, ukusuka kwikhibhodi yendabuko enokwanelisa umsebenzi wokufaka idatha kwikhompyutheni kwikhibhodi yamva nje kunye nephathwayo (ukubonelela ngenduduzo yomsebenzisi). Phakathi kwezi ntlobo zekhibhodi sinazo:
isiNxulumanisi
Olu hlobo lwebhodi yezitshixo lunezinye izitshixo ezivumela ukufikelela kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo zekhompyutha, xa eli qhosha lisetyenziswa, liya kuqalisa ngokuthe ngqo ukusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi efana nevolumu, i-calculator, ukudlala kwevidiyo kunye nemiyalelo. Oku kuya kwenza ukuba kube lula kwaye kulula ukusebenzisa ikhomputha kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo okanye izenzo.
thambile
Ezi zitshixo zenziwe ngemathiriyeli ekrwada eguqukayo, evumela ukusetyenziswa ngokukhululeka kunye nokuhamba. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuyisonga kunye nokufezekisa isenzo esinjalo, kunyanzelekile ukuba ube nebhodibhodi eguquguqukayo, ekubeni impahla yayo ihlala i-silicone.
Ziikeyboards ezisebenzisekayo kakhulu kuba aziyi kubangela ubunzima xa zithuthwa ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye okanye ukuzisebenzisa kwiindawo ezinolwelo kuba zinenkxaso.
Ngaphandle kwamacingo
Olu luhlobo lwebhodi yezitshixo engadingi kudityaniswa ngentambo. Baneebhetri ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, ngoko akukho mbane ufunekayo ukuze basebenze. Ikhibhodi engenazingcingo isebenza ngokubona umqondiso kwikhibhodi ukuze idluliselwe kwikhompyuter kwaye uqale ukuyisebenzisa.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba, ekubeni ukusebenza kwayo kusekelwe kwiimpawu, kunokuphazamiseka kwezinye izixhobo ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo, ezinokubangela ukusetyenziswa kancinci okanye iimpazamo xa usebenzisa izitshixo zakho, ezinokuthi zibe zolu hlobo. Isixhobo sithathwa njengento engathandekiyo, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqwalasela oku.
I-Ergonomic
Olu hlobo lwebhodi yezitshixo lubonelela ngokusebenza ngokukhululekileyo kumsebenzisi, kuba luboniswa kwi-engile kwaye indawo yokusetyenziswa ivumela ingalo ukuba ikhululeke. Abo basebenzisa rhoqo amacandelo anjalo bacetyiswa ukuba banike uncedo kunye nokuthintela ukudinwa okubangelwa kukusebenzisa ngokugqithiseleyo.
Ukuba ibiluyolo lwakho ukufunda eli nqaku kwi Izahlulo zekhibhodi Ndiyakumema ukuba ukonwabele la makhonkco alandelayo endiya kukushiya ngezantsi.
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