there are several types of operating systems installed on many computers worldwide. There are of different versions and specifically directed to certain computers. In this article you will be able to know everything related to this topic.
Types of operating systems
In the computer market today there are various operating systems that serve to support users in the processes of using computers and mobile devices. These are integrated into Computers, Laptops, Tablets, Smart phones. They allow you to create the necessary interface for your daily use.
Operating systems have been in development for some years now and have given a boost to the world of computing in general. Currently there are different versions that allow you to carry out various activities. Thanks to them, computers become very valuable tools for people.
Definition
Software, as it is really called in the computer world, comprises a series of commands and elements integrated into computers, which allow assigning various functions. They send instructions to memory in order to assign tasks and operations of various kinds,
A cellular device, a laptop or desktop computer, cannot function if it does not contain an operating system. Unlike apps. The types of operating system allow you to control all the operations and systems of the computer or mobile device.
These are included in them. People generally use the System that comes bundled with the kit. Eventually they must be updated in order to perform better. Hence the importance of knowing about the most used operating system so that it is required to know. What is Microsoft?
Origin and history
In the 80s, computers did not have operating systems. The operations had to be carried out through certain commands that had to be placed on the screen to execute an action. It was tedious to learn a huge number of commands, for example to write a letter or perform a simple operation.
The complexity of computers allowed that at that time there were specialists in commands and computer management. However, in the mid-80s, there were many students and engineers concerned with solving the problem of the functionality and efficiency of the equipment. The IBM company was one of the few companies that operated using large computers.
Although to operate these computers requires specialized personnel. In 1956, a prototype operating system had been invented by the General Motors company, which was used to operate a huge IBM computer. This equipment allows to carry out many fast operations in contract time.
First Steps
By 1960 the IBM company leader in computer equipment at that time and also the first manufacturer of that type. Carried out the development of operating systems. The engineers distributed these systems where they included in the computers programs to be able to carry out faster activities. These programs allow you to execute actions one at a time.
So they were not programmed to carry out several operations simultaneously. The operating systems were as big as the computers themselves, they were monsters that took up considerable space. Also the installation costs were high and any company did not have the availability to install them. At the beginning of the 70s there were slightly more updated versions of what they had called Unix.
The birth of Unix
This system allows establishing a C-type programming language, that is, despite being free, it can be adapted to any system included in the computer. The Unix operating system was one of the first to connect to smaller computers, however its availability was not possible to everyone and operations had to be carried out by specialists.
This operating system served as the basis for other companies to make operating system evolutions. Over time they became leaders in the global computer market.
Microsoft is born
After forming the Microsoft company in 1981, Bill Gates and Paul Allen, two Harvard computer science students, decided to present a project called MS DOS, which aims to streamline processes on certain computers. It was a major draw for the IBM company and they decided to put the system on their computers. IBM has some requirements that Gates and Allen developed as required.
It was 1984 when the MS DOS operating system was embedded in most IBM computers. In 1985 Gates decided to patent the operating system on his own and become independent. The idea was to create a more dynamic and precise operating system. In this way it develops the Windows system.
From then on, Microsoft, together with other manufacturers, decides to implement the evolution of the software on computers where the operating system could be included. Among the companies involved in the project was the Apple form. This company was beginning to develop the computers which it called Macintosh, having as a logo a multicolored bitten apple that as a logo became very famous.
90s and current times
The development carried out by the Microsoft firm allowed it to offer the computer market not only computer equipment and peripherals, but also operating systems that included special programs to prepare documents, perform mathematical calculations and alternatives for graphic design. They called it Office
This program allowed users to acquire any computer equipment where they also have the possibility of having other programs at hand. So they did not need to search for software installation to perform the most important tasks.
The operations consist of: Calculate, write documents and make drawings. The market was being absorbed by Microsoft so immensely that it eventually had to endure monopoly lawsuits in the United States and Europe.
Mac OSx and iOS
Recently, the Microsoft company had to give certain programs to other companies so that they could commercialize them. On the other hand, the Apple company, after Gates's decision in the early 90s, carried out the development of its own operating system.
This system was only developed exclusively for Macintosh computers, over time it was renamed Mac OSx and even the first operating system for cell phones was developed.
The operating system was created specifically for audio devices called iPods, it had an interface that was evolved by the Apple company and is currently applied to iPhone cell phones, which are widely sold throughout the world.
The company also develops its own computers from the 90s called Macbook and the current Macbook Pro. These computers include the Mac Os X operating system in versions Lion, Leopard among others. Every year the versions are updated with a modern and very efficient interface, they are considered the most emblematic, innovative and expensive on the market.
What are they for?
The types of computer operating systems They are the communication bridge between the computer, the cellular device and the user, which connects in a simple way with all the operations that you need. The types of operating system provide the user with a number of tools necessary to control the operation of the computer.
Likewise, all the operational resources of the system can be processed thanks to it. It also coordinates all the parakeets and Hardware that make up the computer system. There is no function that the equipment performs without receiving the order first from the user and then from the operating system. Among the most important we have:
- It executes programs and takes care of all the control of the system, such as files, data, calendar dates and the infinity of resources contained in a computer.
- Execute any number of operations at the same time without undermining the details of another, managing the time and manner of their execution.
- It has the ability to manage internal memory changes and distribute your applications.
- Maintains a communication system with minor applications and programs in order to maintain the optimal functioning of the equipment.
- It processes the input and output of information by controlling the data in order to send it to the different hardware. This allows for immediate response such as printing, keyboard processing, mouse, among other things.
What are the operating systems?
The diversity and growth of computing worldwide have allowed software development companies to design various operating systems to adapt them to different models and types of equipment.
Then we have to know how many types of operating systems are there Depending on the model and brand, that is, each one needs a different type of operating system.
So in summary we can say that there are only two types of operating systems. Those that are used in computers and those that are used for cellular equipment. This however opens up a range of possibilities to create versions incompatible with hybrids such as tablets and desktop computers.
In the case of types of PC operating systems there are several models, depending on the manufacturing company. In the case of computers, there are the brands Windows, Linux and Mac OS X, each with different characteristics but very easy to operate. All work based on windows, menus and commands, allowing to give the user a friendly interface.
Windows is one of the most widely used types of operating systems in the world. Created in the 90s. It is designed to work with computers of various brands. Its manufacturing company Microsoft maintains a leading level of sales in the world market of the Computer system
In second place we have the operating system of the Macintosh company; Now called Mac OS, it is the emblem of the Apple company operating system and is used solely and exclusively on computers manufactured by the company.
Linux, which is also called GNU, is an operating system designed to offer users of any computer equipment the necessary tools without having to invest a lot of money. It is a free operating system that combines efficiency and speed. There are many versions on the market that can be downloaded online.
The operating systems for smart phones have the same purpose as the operating systems for computers. They are specifically developed to be used on mobile devices. The most popular are Android and iOS, the first is used by large companies such as Samsung, Sony Huawei among others. While iOS is exclusive for iPhone devices
The interface of these cell phones is shaped to perform various operations and adapt them to smartphone models. They allow the user to perform multiple tasks similar to those performed on computers. They are extremely practical and in a matter of minutes each user can easily master their operation. But let's see each one in detail.
Windows
One of the three main types of operating systems. With its special characteristics and various specifications. To begin with, we have the best-selling and most popular operating system in the Windows world. It was formed in the late 80s. In its beginnings it was used by the Apple firm, which was one of the few companies that was manufacturing computer equipment.
Subsequently, the company Microsoft, manufacturer of Windows, began to offer the programs to other companies in the mid-90s. So the patent belonged to Bill Gates's company. Since then, many versions of the Windows operating system have been released. That little by little has evolved to reach the current operating systems.
Likewise, Windows itself has also developed operating systems for mobile devices and tablets. They have not had the impact that its predecessor Windows but some companies use it as an alternative to use different from the strongest on the market called Android.
Mac OS X
It is the operating system of the Apple firm. It began to develop after the Microsoft firm decided to sell its Windows product to other companies. Macintosh computers in the late 80s and early 90s used the primary Windows operating system.
By the year 2000, the iOS system was being born and was beginning to be felt in the market, especially for the first IPhone mobile devices. By the end of the first decade of 2000 it already had a significant presence in the operating systems market through the mass production of Macbook computers.
These teams bring Mac OS X as an operating system, which remained firm for many years. As time has passed, the firm has developed updates that make it faster and more efficient.
Linux
It is considered one of the types of free operating systems, which can be installed on any computer or desktop computer. The Linux operating system is freely accessible and any user can install it on any computer. It is very simple and the main objective was to position itself in the computer market for free and with this idea to counteract the actions of its opponents Windows and Apple.
Over time Linux has served only as an alternative to operating systems for public organizations. Likewise, it allowed to give the Android firm elements and tools for its creation.
Android
It is the basic operating system for smartphone cell devices. The interface was adapted based on the Linux operating system. Which was recently acquired by the Google company.
Android is available in multiple versions that are configured according to the model of the mobile device or tablet. It is the most popular and emphatically supplanted the old cell phone operating system of the BlackBerry firm.
Other operating systems
They exist in addition to those named above. Other types of operating systems that work as equal or better than the traditional ones are simple software that can be obtained in any computer store and result from evolutions of other operating systems or simply to show options in the programs, Let's see:
- FreeBSD, similar to Linux and very easy to operate
- Free2, another very efficient and efficient Linux family system in various operations.
- Solaris, manufactured by the Sun company, was presented as a Unix alternative but in 2005 it gave way to the Open Solaris operating system.
- Open 1 project from the Oracle firm, is a kind of evolution of the Solaris program.
- ReactOS, is an operating system aimed only at servers.
- ReactOS is an applet that helps the Windows server operating system.
- Fried, it is a type of file with MS DOS concepts, it is very simple that allows us to run applications and games perfectly.
- Chromium OS, Free software developed by Google, designed solely to work with the browser.
Real operating system
It consists of an operating system created in order to control machines, scientific instruments and certain machines related to industry. They are called RTOS and they manage the resources of a computer so that the action is carried out accurately and without errors.
This system is used by vehicle assemblers, bottling factories, and various food and product production companies that need to mass-produce goods. In almost all the industrial park worldwide this operating system is implemented.
Importance
The types of operating systems are designed to operate on computers designed by the company itself. In other words, Windows operates only on computers where it is installed by Microsoft. In the case of Mac OS X, it is only designed for Apple equipment such as Macbook and Pro.
The importance in the configuration of this form allows to guarantee security and reliability to the users. It is important to note that operating systems work best when installed on computers developed by related companies.
Although there may be compatibility between different brands. It has even been observed certain computers where you have tried to update the operating system stop working in a few days. This may at times have been due to failures in the types of network operating systems
The compatibility problem is one of the most complex that has been presented in recent years. Even the Apple company has received complaints regarding its software updates. The memory capacity, the interrelation of its interface with new operating systems, makes it possible to limit direct evaluations.
The developers seek with the updates, to improve the efficiency and presence of the operations. For this the information does not arrive as it should, many users looking for updates have made the equipment stop working.
It is also important to know that operating systems expire, for example currently operating systems such as Windows XP and Windows 7 fall into disuse at any time. This implies a change in the configuration of computers that do not meet the conditions.
Some computers manufactured from the year 2000 onwards cannot operate with current operating systems. It is therefore important to request the help of computer technicians who use basic tools, such as memory expansion, changes in the hard disk to be able to adjust and update computers.
Another important detail that few users know and is very important is knowing the number of bits of the computers. The computers come with a 32-bit or 64-bit structure. These numbers signify the amount of data that the computer moves. This means if a 64-bit computer moves faster than a 32-bit one. In other words, it is a matter of space and configuration.
For this reason, it is observed that some programs are designed to work with 63 or 64 bits, due to their volume and capacity. This helps to avoid saturating the memory card that could lead to Format hard drive.
The characteristic that your computer's CPU has 32 or 64 bits varies in some respects. Computers acquired around 2008 backwards maintain a 32-bit architecture. From then on, all computers contain 64-bit related settings.
However, Apple computers have been developing 64-bit-based design architecture from the beginning. With the arrival of Snow Leopard, the criterion that allows to operate in a more efficient way was maintained. Receiving data and processing it more fluently.